A multipart gripper unit for a transverse, longitudinal and/or simultaneous stretching unit is disclosed having a main part and at least two guide parts. The main part includes a base body as well as a clamping device for clamping a material web and the guide parts each comprise a base body as well as at least one guide element for guidance on a rail of the stretching unit. The base bodies of the guide parts and the base body of the main part are each manufactured as separate component parts and attached to each other.
A biaxially-oriented film is disclosed having at least the layers (A) and (B), wherein layer (A) contains a polyethylene of a low molecular weight and layer (B) contains a polyethylene of a higher molecular weight, wherein layer (A) contains at least percent by weight of the polyethylene of low molecular weight, and layer (B) contains at least percent by weight of the polyethylene of high molecular weight and the film has a porosity in the range from 30 to 70%. The film may additionally be provided with a ceramic coating. A method for producing such a film by the Evapore process is disclosed.
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
H01M 10/0525 - Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodesLithium-ion batteries
A system (1) for producing a cast film (2) comprises a slot die (4), a cooling roll (5), an electrode arrangement (15), an insulator arrangement (20), a sensor device (30) and a control device (25). The electrode arrangement is arranged between an area of contact (9) of the cast film (2) on the cooling roll (5) and a drawing-off area (10). The insulator arrangement (20) is arranged between the electrode arrangement (15) and the cooling roll shell (6). The sensor device (30) continuously determines the left and right edges (2a, 2b) of the cast film. On the basis of the determined left and right edges (2a, 2b) of the cast film, the control device (25) moves the insulator arrangement (20) in such a way that the insulator arrangement (20): a) is located between the the left end face (5a) of the cooling roll (5) and the left edge (2a) of the cast film; and b) is located between the right end face (5b) of the cooling roll (5) and the right edge (2b) of the cast film (2b). A sensor region (31) of the sensor device (30) is provided downstream of the slot die (4) and upstream of the electrode arrangement (15) in the discharge direction of the cast film (2).
The present invention relates to a biaxially oriented film comprising at least the (2) layers (A) and (B), wherein layer (A) comprises a polyethylene of low molecular weight and layer (B) comprises a polyethylene of a higher molecular weight, wherein layer (A) comprises at least (50) weight per cent of the polyethylene of low molecular weight and layer (B) comprises at least (50) weight per cent of the polyethylene of high molecular weight and the film has a porosity in the range from 30 to 70 %. The film of the invention may additionally have been provided with a ceramic coating. The present invention has as a further subject a method for producing such a film by the Evapore process.
B29C 48/21 - Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
B29C 55/14 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively
B32B 7/02 - Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
C08J 9/28 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
The invention relates to a method for producing a film comprising at least 20 wt% thermoplastic polymer and 50 to 75 wt% inorganic filler, and comprises the steps: providing the mixture, melting the mixture, producing a thin layer from the mixture, cooling the thin layer, producing a film, stretching the film in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction, wherein the particle size of the inorganic filler is at most 5 µm and the stretch ratio in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction is at least 3.5. The invention further relates to films produced by this method and to the use thereof.
The invention relates to a biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP) comprising layers (A) to (D), wherein layers (B) to (D) contain biaxially oriented polypropylene and layer (A) contains polyurethane and nanoparticles and has a layer thickness of 25 to 300 nm, layer (B) contains polymers with functional groups that are capable of forming covalent bonds with polyurethane and is directly connected to layer (A), layer (C) has at least one layer thickness of 50% of the total thickness of the film, and layer (D) represents an outer layer of the film containing an anti-blocking agent. The invention also relates to a method for producing films of this type.
B32B 7/10 - Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B32B 27/20 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
The invention relates to a ventilation module (3) for a film stretching system (1) comprising at least one first outlet nozzle arrangement (8) having an outlet nozzle (8a), wherein the at least one outlet nozzle (8a) extends with its longitudinal direction (5) transverse or perpendicular to the withdrawal direction (4) of a plastic film web (2) and is oriented in parallel to the transport plane (7). A first return system (9) is provided with at least two extraction channels (10a, 10b), each having an extraction region (11a, 11b). The at least two extraction regions (11a, 11b) are spaced apart from one another in the withdrawal direction (4) and oriented in parallel to the transport plane (7). The at least one outlet nozzle (8a) of the at least one first outlet nozzle arrangement (8) is arranged between the first and the second extraction region (11a, 11b). The at least two extraction regions (11a, 11b) are arranged exclusively before and/or after the at least one first outlet nozzle arrangement (8) in the withdrawal direction (4) of the plastic film web (2).
The invention relates to a sliding element, in particular for a stretching installation and/or a conveyor chain, comprising graphite or electrographite, wherein the sliding element has pores which have an open pore size of ≥ 7.5 % by volume, and wherein the particle size of the graphite particles used as a starting material for the sliding elements is between 3 µm and 15 µm.
B29C 55/08 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique transverse to the direction of feed
F16C 33/16 - Sliding surface consisting mainly of graphite
B29C 55/16 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial simultaneously
An improved control apparatus for producing plastic films and an associated improved method are distinguished, inter alia, by the following features: - the control apparatus has two stages or at least two stages, - the control apparatus comprises, for this purpose, a sensor module and/or a sensor model and a process module and/or a process model, - the machine-dependent sensor module and/or sensor model and the production-dependent process module and/or process model are linked or can be linked to one another via production variables, - adjustable machine variables are connected or linked to plant production variables via the sensor module and/or the sensor model.
The invention relates to a film-drawing machine, including a furnace (1), through which one strand of an endless chain of clamps (4) passes, driven by at least one toothed wheel (8), characterised in that at least one toothed wheel (8) is inside the furnace (1), is rotated by its own gear motor (9) surrounded by a casing (12), placed in the furnace (1) and cooled by cooling means (13, 14), and is mounted on its own movement device (11), so as to pass from a withdrawn position, in which it does not mesh with the chain, to a drive position, in which it meshes with the chain. The invention also relates to a method for starting said film-drawing machine.
The invention relates to an improved method and to an improved device for degassing polymer melts and for neutralizing the thus produced pollutants, characterised by the following characteristics: said pollutants are guided to a plasma source (2; 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4) after removal from the degassing area (VD; VD1, VD2) and prior to adding to a filter step or a separator (4; 4.1, 4.2), said plasma source being built and/or formed such that in said plasma source (2; 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4), the pollutants are transformed, entirely or partially, in a plasma aggregate state.
B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
B29B 13/00 - Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
An improved method and an associated improved device for operating a linear-motor-driven simultaneous stretching installation is distinguished inter alia by the following features: during normal operation, the linear-motor-driven transporting units (T) in the simultaneous stretching zone (R) are subjected to an acceleration phase with a normal-operation acceleration profile involving a growing increase in the distance (MDx-y) from a following transporting unit (T) driven by the linear motor drive; when the web of material (F) is moved into the stretching zone (R), at least two leading tenters (6), following one another and driven by the linear motor, are accelerated in the stretching zone (R) in such a way that differs from the normal-operation acceleration profile that the distance (Mda.b) formed between the at least two tenters (6) following one another and driven by the linear motor is less than 80% or less than 75% of the distance (MDx-y) that is brought about during normal operation.
Flaw detection by optical means. An improved device for detecting defects (7, 7') in an object (1), more particularly flaws (7) in the form of micro-holes (7') in a material web (1') or a film (1'') is distinguished by virtue of, inter alia, the following features: – provision is made for at least one primary light source (L, L1), by means of which a light beam is generable, – comprising a sensor and/or detection apparatus with a sensor or detector elements (SEs, SE), – comprising an evaluation apparatus (AE) for evaluating the defects (7), – the device with the evaluation apparatus (AE) comprises a balancing circuit for the sensor or detector elements (SEs, SE) in such a way that a balanced signal for evaluating defects is generated under the formation of the difference between a measurement signal generated by a sensor or detector element (SEs, SE) and at least one measurement signal generated by an adjacent or referenced sensor or detector element (SEs, SE).
An improved gripper with a toggle lever arrangement is characterized by, among others, the following features – the gripper (6) comprises a gripper lever (25c) which is pivotable with respect to a gripper holder (25a) around a gripper axis (25b), – the gripper lever (25c) is configured as a toggle lever (60') and comprises in addition a first and a second toggle lever leg (KH-S1, KH-S2) which are pivotable relative to each other around a toggle lever axis (60b), – in addition a force application unit (MK) is provided which acts on the second toggle lever leg (KH-S2) pivotable around the toggle lever axis (60b) and/or on the toggle lever flap (60c), – the force application unit (MK) is thereby configured such that during pivoting of the gripper lever (25c) from the release position into the closed- and clamping position thereof, the toggle lever flap (60c) initially touches down on the side of the gripper table (61) lying away from the material web (F) while prefixing the material web (F) in this region, before the toggle lever flap (60c) reaches the final closed- and clamping position thereof during the remaining pivoting process, in which position it is force-actuated in the direction of the gripper table (61) and holds the material web edge (Fr) clamped between the gripper surfaces (60d, 61d).
An improved apparatus for detecting defect sites (3) in dielectric material webs or moulded bodies (1), in particular in plastic films (11), is distinguished, inter alia, by the following features: - a position determination and/or detection device for detecting a flashover (25) between the first and second electrodes (7, 11) is provided and is constructed in such a manner that said device can be used to determine a position of the flashover (25) in the transverse direction (TD) and in the relative direction of movement (MD) of the material web to be examined or of the moulded body (1) to be examined, and - the position determination and/or detection device comprises at least one first measuring and/or sensor device and a second measuring and/or sensor device separate from the latter, - the at least one first measuring and/or sensor device comprises sensors for determining the position of a detected flashover (25) in the transverse direction (TD) of the material web, - the at least one second measuring and/or sensor device is constructed in such a manner that said device can be used to detect and determine the position of a flashover (25) between the two electrodes (11, 7) with respect to the relative direction of movement (MD) of the material web or of the moulded body (1), and - the first and second measuring and/or sensor devices are constructed in such a manner that the first measuring and/or sensor device is based on a different technical functional principle with respect to the second measuring and/or sensor device and/or - in such a manner that the sensors for the first and second measuring and/or sensor devices are sensors which operate in a functionally different manner.
An improved adjustable-angle pressing or nip roll is distinguished, inter alia, by the following features: the angle adjusting device (WE) comprises a double-armed lever (7.1, 7.2), - the moving device (VF) is constructed in such a way that, via this, a pivot axis (8) of the double-armed lever (7.1) can be adjusted relative to the process roll (2), and the angle adjusting device (WE) comprises, for the double-armed lever (7.1, 7.2), a stop (9.1, 9.2) which acts at least on one side, in such a way that, in the case of further force loading by the force actuating unit (10), a pressing force (FR) can be generated which acts on the pivot axis (8) of the double-armed lever (7.1, 7.2) and via which the pressing or nip roll (3, 4) can be pressure-loaded onto the roll shell (21) of the process roll (2) with the material web (F) being guided through between the two rolls (3, 4; 2).
B29C 55/06 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
B29C 63/02 - Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plasticsApparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
The invention relates to an improved transporting unit for a transporting device, in particular for a transverse, longitudinal, and/or simultaneous stretching installation, wherein transporting units (KT) can be moved along a guiding and/or supporting rail (500) by means of a clip unit (KL) and a drive unit (AT) connected to the clip unit, is characterized by the following features: the clip transporting unit (KT) or the clip unit (KL) and/or the drive unit (AT) has, for example, a volume or weight fraction of at least 60% that consists of a forged part (ST) and/or is composed of a forging blank (SR).
An improved guide rail in particular for a transport device or stretching unit is distinguished inter alia by the following features – the cooling device (KA) comprises at least one cooling duct (K1, K2) which extends in a zigzag shape inside the guide rail (15) and which is formed by connected transverse bores (154a – 154d), and/or – the guide rail comprises at least two half-shells or halves (15.1, 15.2) between which a flexible tube (154) is arranged in a sandwich-like manner to form at least one cooling duct (K1, K2), and/or – at least one cooling duct (K3) is arranged outside the guide rail (15) so as to extend parallel thereto, and, in the longitudinal direction (LX) of the guide rail (15), in each case bores (157) extending transversely thereto are made, into which bores outwardly projecting heat lines (181) and/or heat pipes (182) are inserted.
B29C 55/08 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique transverse to the direction of feed
19.
LINEAR-MOTOR-DRIVEN CONVEYING SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR STRETCHING SYSTEM
An improved linear-motor-operated conveying system is distinguished, inter alia, by the following features: the conveyed web (F) can be fixed to the nipper part (6), as a result of which a conveyed web plane (FE) is defined, said film plane (FE) being arranged at a height (H) with respect to the motor working side (MA) of the single linear motor drive or of the more powerful linear motor drive in the case of two linear motor drives, and said height (H) being less than or equal to the length (L) of the secondary parts (503) on the conveying parts (7); the conveying system comprises either a) only one linear motor drive provided beneath the conveying part (7), or b) only one linear motor drive provided above the conveying part (7), or c) one linear motor drive arranged beneath and one arranged above the conveying part (7), the upper linear motor drive and/or the associated control system being configured in such a manner that the upper linear motor drive can only be operated with a maximum power of 75% in relation to the maximum power of the lower linear motor drive.
An improved device for degassing polymer melts is characterised by, inter alia, the following features: the at least one vacuum separator (15; 15a, 15b) comprises cooling pipes (45) extending parallel to each other in the tank interior (115c) of the vacuum separator housing (115), the cooling pipes (45) are double-walled, the cooling pipes (45) end at a distance (H) above a collection chamber (57) or above the tank bottom (115d) of the vacuum separator housing (115), and a cleaning device (RV) having a scraper or a wiper (61) is provided, said cleaning device being adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the cooling pipes (45) and preferably to the course of the inner wall of the vacuum separator housing (115) and being movable at least in a partial height at least to the lower end of the cooling pipes.
The invention relates to an improved stretching unit characterised, amongst other things by the following: the clip-chain unit (KK) is designed such that the forces which are exerted are decoupled and applied in a tilting-free and torque-free manner to the clip-chain unit (KK) in order to prevent an increase of the surface pressure between the clip-chain unit (KK) and the supporting rail (17).
The invention relates to an improved transport system, in particular for a stretching system, characterized amongst other things, by the following characteristics: a support rail (17) and/or a guide rail (15), over which a conveyor chain (13) with clip chain units (KK) can be displaced, are provided, said units subdividing into a clip part (6) and a chain part (7), said support rail (17) or the guide rail (15) or the support rail and the guide rail (17, 14) is/are provided with a channel (122) which transverses in the longitudinal direction at least in one of the partial lengths of the support rail (17) and the guide rail (15). The support rail running surface (17a) comprises a plurality of outlet openings (122') through which the compressed air can be guided on the channel (122) for generating an airbag (130) between the support rail running surface (17a) and an air bearing cushion plate (140) on the clip-chain unit (KK) and/or the running rail running surfaces (31a, 31b) comprise a plurality of outlet openings (122') through which the compressed air can be guided on the channel (122) by generating an air bag (130) between the respective guide rail running surfaces (31a, 33a) and a bearing device (139) on the clip chain unit (KK).
The invention relates to an improved clip/transport unit, characterized by the following features, among others: the clip/transport unit (KT) is divided into a clip part (6) and a transport part (7), the clip/transport unit (KT) has a volume or weight fraction of at least 25% composed of one or more composite materials.
The invention relates to an improved ventilation nozzle, in particular for heating web-shaped materials (3), comprising a supply chamber (17) and a distribution chamber arrangement (19), which is connected to the supply chamber (17) via an overflow arrangement. An improvement can be achieved in that in the ventilation nozzle (9) at least one temperature-control section (35) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the ventilation nozzle is provided with an integrated heating device (35a).
B29C 55/08 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique transverse to the direction of feed
B29C 55/16 - Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a dieApparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial simultaneously
B29C 35/04 - Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising using liquids, gas or steam
Disclosed is an improved multiple-screw extruder, in particular a twin-screw extruder, which is characterized by the following features: - the extruder comprises a housing (3); - several housing bores are located in at least one section within the housing (3); - the housing bores overlap at least along a partial axial length of the housing (3); - one extruder screw (5a, 5b) is arranged in each of the several housing bores; - at least two motors (M1, M2) are provided for the at least two extruder screws (5a, 5b); and - a synchronizing and torsion transmitting device (35, 36), by means of which both cooperating extruder screws (5a, 5b) can be synchronized, is provided on both the inlet side (25a) and the discharge side (25b).
An improved drawing unit, particularly longitudinal or sequential longitudinal and transversal or simultaneous drawing unit is characterized by the following characteristics: A drive system (AS) is provided, via which the nippers (3) of the nipper system (KS) can be driven, the nipper system (KS) with the associated nippers (3) is separated from the drive system (AS) to form a separation point and/or interface (IF), the drive system (AS) is provided with primary coupling devices (pKE) on the drive side, the nippers (3) are provided with secondary coupling devices (sKE), the driven primary coupling devices (pKE) associated with the drive system (AS) can be coupled to the respective secondary coupling element (sKE) provided on a nipper system (KS), and - the coupling and/or the degree of the coupling between the primary coupling device (pKE) on the drive side and the nippers (3) provided with a secondary coupling device (sKE) can be set differently.
An improved method and an improved apparatus for measuring birefringence and/or retardation on samples (3) are distinguished, inter alia, by the following measures: with a radiation arrangement having at least one light source (LQ1, LQ2) or having at least two light sources (LQ1, LQ2) for generating two light beams (LS1, LS2; LS1_1, LS1_2; LS2_1, LS2_2) - provision is made of a polarization-maintaining diffractive element (DO; DO1, DO2) and a detector device (9; 9a, 9b) with polarization-sensitive analysers (A; A1, A2; 19), which can be used to measure the intensity of the diffraction structure sample (BM) generated by the component beams.
patents
