A reinforced cable tie generally includes an elongate strap, a head attached to a first end of the strap and a continuous fiber reinforcement disposed in and extending substantially continuously along a path defining at least one of the strap and the head. The head has one or more apertures formed therein and a locking device disposed in the aperture of the head. The locking device is configured to permit a second end of the strap opposite the head to be inserted through the head aperture in a first direction and is further configured to prevent movement of the second end of the strap from the head aperture in a second direction opposite the first direction.
A sliding contact assembly for a DC electrical outlet receives plug contacts of an electrical plug. The assembly includes sliding contact structure having a base and a plurality of electrical sliding contacts fixed to the base. A housing includes a first end wall having an internal top surface and second end wall opposing the first end wall. The second end wall has an internal bottom surface. The housing has a side wall structure defining an internal chamber between the top surface and the bottom surface. The sliding contact structure is disposed in the housing to be movable linearly within the chamber. A spring is disposed between the top surface of the housing and a surface of the base so that when the plug contacts are completely disconnected from the associated sliding contacts, the spring rapidly forces the sliding contacts away from the plug contacts, reducing arcing energy there-between.
H01R 13/635 - Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure for disengagement only by mechanical pressure, e.g. spring force
H01R 24/78 - Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall with additional earth or shield contacts
One or more electrical transformers comprising barrier structures for improved flashover resistance are provided herein. A barrier structure may be positioned between a higher voltage winding and a lower voltage winding, between the higher voltage winding and a core, or between two higher voltage windings of a multi-phase electrical transformer. The barrier structure may comprise a first material having a relatively lower permittivity value such as about 2.5 or less, which may provide improved flashover resistance. In an example, the barrier structure may comprise a second material having a relatively higher permittivity value such as about 2.5 or greater, which may provide improved puncture resistance. The barrier structure may comprise any number of layers of the first material and/or the second material
The present disclosure provides a robotic system. The robotic system includes a robot, an operator input device, and a control system communicatively coupled to the robot and to the input device. The control system stores executable program instructions, including a predefined automatic motion sequence of the robot. The input device is operative to direct the robot via the control system to perform user-guided motions of the robot in response to human manipulation of the input device. The control system is configured to execute program instructions to execute the predefined automatic motion sequence and to overlay the predefined automatic motion sequence with the user-guided motions.
Systems, methods and apparatuses for estimating a location within an area are disclosed. One method includes determining a plurality of wireless signal signatures at a plurality of locations within the area, wherein each wireless signal signatures includes a characteristic of a plurality of wireless links between a device and a plurality of network access points at a one of the plurality of locations, wherein the plurality of wireless signal signatures are received by a network manager server. Further, the network manager server receives a present wireless signal signature of a current device. The method further includes estimating locations the current device, including comparing a present wireless signal signature of the current device with plurality of wireless signal signatures, and adaptively re-determining the plurality of wireless signal signatures based on at least one condition of a distributed wireless network that includes the plurality of network access points.
G01S 3/02 - Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
G01S 3/16 - Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using amplitude comparison of signals derived sequentially from receiving antennas or antenna systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics or from an antenna system having periodically-varied orientation of directivity characteristic
G01S 19/46 - Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
H04N 7/16 - Analogue secrecy systemsAnalogue subscription systems
H04N 7/18 - Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
The present invention relates to a dielectric insulation or arc-extinction fluid comprising or essentially consisting of: a) a fluorinated organic compound FOC1 as a first fluid component A in mixture with b) a second fluid component B different from the said first fluid component A. According to the invention, said first fluid component A is a hydrochlorofluoroolefin.
H01B 3/56 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances gases
7.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADMINISTERING PHYSICAL SECURITY ACCESS TO COMPONENTS OF A PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
A system for restricting physical access to at least one component process controi system component has a locking device that is integrated with process control system security administration data. The locking device accesses the process control system security data when authenticating a user. Upon authentication of a user for physical access to the particular process control component, the user may directly access the component for which the user is authorized. The system provides tracking of all authenticated users and attempts to access the various control system components,
G06F 21/70 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for suggesting alarm hiding rules and/or alarm groupings. Operator alarms (e.g., a low pressure alarm, a high temperature alarm, etc.) may be stored into alarm baskets based upon alarm occurrence information. The alarm baskets may be defined based upon alarm occurrence overlap, operations (e.g., startup, shutdown, standard procedures, etc.), time slices, timeframes after operator actions (e.g., alarms occurring within 3 minutes after an operator turns off a valve), etc. Alarm hiding rule suggestions (e.g., a suggestion to hide an operator alarm (B) when an operator alarm (A) occurs because the operator alarm (B) usually occurs when the operator alarm (A) occurs) and/or alarm grouping suggestions may be created and provided based upon operator alarms sorted into the alarm buckets. Alarm hiding and grouping rules may be automatically suggested for implementation so that an operator is not inundate with unnecessary operator alarms.
A modular crawler device is used to inspect a confined space in a machine. The inspection coverage area and corresponding status can be mapped so that the inspection location and associated data are graphically visualized. One or more sensors are coupled with the crawler so as to provide positional data and information regarding defects within the confined space. The sensed information is used to generate an inspection map that provides inspection history, logged data and a reference that are useful in scheduling the next inspection. The output of the sensors can also be used to provide haptic feedback to an operator.
An assembly includes a cabinet having an interior and a door to gain access to the interior. An intelligent electronic device (IED) is within the interior of the cabinet and includes inputs providing electrical connections to the IED, pushbuttons to provide user input to the IED, a display module including a display, a component, and a timer circuit. The timer circuit powers the component OFF or places it in a reduced power state when not in use after a certain amount of time. A switch is associated with the door and is electrically connected to at least one of the inputs so that when the display module is powered OFF or in the reduced power state and when the door is opened, the switch causes a signal to be sent to the timer circuit to cause the timer circuit to power the component fully ON.
G01R 11/24 - Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use
G09G 3/34 - Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix by control of light from an independent source
H05K 7/14 - Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for detecting reverse polarity of a photovoltaic system. A fuse holder may comprise a fuse holder body configured to receive a fuse used to protect against excessive current from a photovoltaic string of the photovoltaic system, such as current from a short circuit due to the photovoltaic string being installed backwards and having a reverse polarity. Because installation of the fuse while the photovoltaic string has reverse polarity may result in substantial damage and harm, a reverse polarity detection component may be configured to identify the reverse polarity and provide a warning of the reverse polarity before the fuse is installed (e.g., an audible alert, a blinking light, a locking of the fuse holder to prohibit installation of the fuse, etc.).
A corrosion resistant conduit system that protects against corrosion and against electrical shortage. The corrosion resistant conduit system includes: a multilayer conduit having a metal layer disposed between two polymeric layers, a conduit fitting having an electrically conductive component and a body having one or more layers of polymeric material, and means for conductively coupling the metallic layer of the multilayer tube to the electrically conductive component of the fitting, which provides a continuous electrical path throughout the corrosion resistant conduit system.
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for managing a photovoltaic arrangement. A photovoltaic string combiner may be configured to combine a set of photovoltaic strings of the photovoltaic arrangement. The photovoltaic string combiner comprises a modular platform architecture configured to host one or monitoring modules in a plug and play manner based upon a drop in topology where a user may easily install or remove monitoring modules from the modular platform architecture. A monitoring module may automatically self-detect, such as during boot up, positional data (e.g., an indication that the monitoring module is to monitor a first set of 8 photovoltaic strings) and/or configuration data (e.g., calibration data, a grounded configuration, a floating configuration, etc.). The monitoring modules may provide positional data, configuration data, and/or measurement data (e.g., a current measurement from a photovoltaic string) to a main controller module that manages the photovoltaic arrangement.
A contact arm (104) for a circuit breaker (100) with a body (200) extending along a body axis (206) between a first end (202) and a second end (204), the body (200) comprising: an interior surface (220); an exterior surface (222); and a fin (234) extending between the interior surface (220) and the exterior surface (222), where the body (200) defines a fin opening (238) adjacent the fin, the fin opening extending between the interior surface and the exterior surface, the interior surface defining: a substantially hollow interior; and a body opening (226) at the first end (202) in fluid communication with the interior (224), where air flows (412) through the body opening (226), into the interior (224), and from the interior (224) out through the fin opening to reduce a temperature of the contact arm. A fastener opening (300) is at the second end (204), the body (200) being configured to receive a fastener through the fastener opening (300) to attach the contact arm (104) to a terminal.
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for facilitating a shutdown of output power from an energy panel arrangement to an inverter. A shutdown implementation module is coupled between an energy panel arrangement and an inverter that converts DC power from the energy panel arrangement to AC power for an AC power grid. A communication connection is established, over a power-line communication line, between the shutdown implementation module and a shutdown controller associated with the inverter. Responsive to identifying a loss of the communication connection or receiving a shutdown instruction over the power- line communication line, the shutdown implementation module shuts down output power from the energy panel arrangement to the inverter. The shutdown implementation module may be located within a threshold distance from the energy panel arrangement (e.g., within about 10 feet) so that the output power may be shutoff within a threshold timespan (e.g., within about 10 seconds).
A cooling system includes an evaporator associated with a heat source. A condenser is located at a higher elevation than the evaporator. A heat pipe structure fluidly connects the evaporator with the condenser. A fan forces air through the condenser. A working fluid is in the evaporator so as to be heated to a vapor state, with the heat pipe structure transferring the vapor to the condenser and passively returning condensed working fluid back to the evaporator for cooling of the heat source. A plurality of thermoelectric generators is associated with the condenser and converts heat, obtained from the working fluid in the vapor state, to electrical energy to power the fan absent an external power source. The thermoelectric generators provide the electrical energy to the fan so that a rotational speed of the fan is automatically self-regulating to either increase or decrease based on a varying heat load.
A synchronous machine and related systems include a stator and rotor separated by an air gap. The rotor includes a rotating DC power supply coupled to exciter windings disposed adjacent the air gap, Power from air gap harmonies,, including air gap slot harmonics induce current in the exciter windings, which is rectified and supplied to the rotor field windings. In operation, a desired current level in the rotor field windings can be achieved through control of the DC power supply or superposition of harmonics into the stator winding current which induces the prescribed current in exciter windings.
H02K 11/04 - Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
H02K 21/12 - Synchronous motors having permanent magnetsSynchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
H02K 19/36 - Structural association of synchronous generators with auxiliary electric devices influencing the characteristic of the generator or controlling the generator, e.g. with impedances or switches
18.
MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR WITH FRONT ACCESSIBILITY OF CURRENT TRANSFORMERS MOUNTED EXTERNAL TO A REAR OF A CIRCUIT BREAKER COMPARTMENT
A switchgear includes a circuit breaker housing defining a circuit breaker compartment. A bushing (22') has first and second portions and extends through an opening (42) in a rear wall (31) of the housing so that the first portion is disposed in the circuit breaker compartment and the second portion is disposed beyond the exterior of the rear wall and external of the circuit breaker compartment. The bushing has a hollow primary contact (50). A current transformer (26') is mounted on the second portion of the bushing. A fastener structure (40) has a portion that extends through the hollow primary contact. The fastener structure couples the primary contact to a busbar in a removable manner. When the fastener structure is decoupled from the primary contact, the bushing and the at least one current transform can be accessed from the front of the housing and moved through the opening in the rear wall, for maintenance.
The subject matter described herein includes a multiphase fractional slot concentrated winding machine. One such machine includes a machine module including a rotor and a stator. The stator includes a plurality of radially extending teeth. Each tooth is individually wound with a coil. The machine further includes a multiphase series converter circuit physically connected to an end of the machine module to energize the coils for multiphase operation.
H02K 3/52 - Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
H02K 11/00 - Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
H02K 11/33 - Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
H02K 11/04 - Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
The invention relates to a semiconductor device (1) for a high power circuit breaker being shaped as a truncated cone comprising a first circular surface side (4) and an opposed, parallel second circular surface side (5), whereby the semiconductor device (1) comprising a plurality of wafers (8, 12) of semiconductor material, arranged with their circular sides parallel to the first circular surface side (4) and the second circular surface side (5), and connected firmly together by alloying, and whereby at least two of the wafers (8) comprise an internal layer (9) of basic semiconductor material arranged between two side layers (10, 11), the first side layer (10) comprising the same electrical conductivity than the internal layer (9) and the second side layer (11) comprising the opposite type of electrical conductivity than the internal layer (9) thus forming with the internal layer (9) a p-n junction.
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
H01H 33/59 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
H01H 9/54 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
H02H 3/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current
H01L 25/00 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for facilitating shutdown of output power from an energy panel arrangement to a power converter. A shutdown implementation module is coupled between an energy panel arrangement and a power converter that converts DC power from the energy panel arrangement to AC power for an AC power grid. Responsive to identifying a power shutdown condition, the shutdown implementation module shuts down output power from the energy panel arrangement to the power converter. A power dissipating device is invoked to dissipate power associated with the shutdown of the output power (e.g., residual power within energy storage devices, such as capacitors, associated with the power converter). The shutdown implementation module may be located within a threshold distance from the energy panel arrangement (e.g., within about 10 feet) so that the output power may be shut off within a threshold timespan (e.g., within about 10 seconds).
The present invention relates to an apparatus for the generation, transmission, distribution and/or usage of electrical energy, said apparatus comprising a housing enclosing an insulating space (4) and an electrically conductive part arranged in the insulating space (4), said insulating space (4) containing a dielectric insulation fluid (3, 31) comprising an organofluorine compound, at least one solid component (2) of the apparatus being directly exposed to the insulation fluid (3, 31). According to the invention, at least one solid component (2) that is directly exposed to the insulation fluid (3, 31) contains a basic body (5) made of a first material and a protective layer (10) made of a second material different from the first material, said protective layer (10) being directly or indirectly applied on the basic body (5) and having a thickness of at least 50 μm.
H01B 19/04 - Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
H01B 3/24 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils containing halogen in the molecules, e.g. halogenated oils
H01B 3/56 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances gases
H01B 3/40 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plasticsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances resinsInsulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances waxes epoxy resins
23.
VACUUM INTERRUPTER FOR LOW-, MEDIUM-, OR HIGH VOLTAGE USE, FOR HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE APPLICATION
The invention relates to a Vacuum interrupter for low-, medium-, or high-voltage use, for high environmental pressure application, with at least one moving contact (21) and one fixed contact (20) in an insulting ceramic housing (4). In order to reduce the needed number of parts in the case of a pressure tight vacuum interrupter or switchgear installation in high pressure environment like in subsea application, the invention is, that the ceramic housing of the vacuum interrupter itself is high pressure tight, in the range of vacuum inside the ceramic housing, and up to 500 Bar outside of ceramic housing.
An inspection device (30) for use in a fluid container includes at least one thrust device (38, 42), at least one ballast device (46) and a cage (34) which carries the at least one thrust device (38, 42) and the at least one ballast device (46). The cage (34) includes at least two bars (60, 62). Each bar (60, 62) provides an opening (82), the openings forming a cage cavity (92) to carry the at least one thrust device (38, 42) and the at least one ballast device (46).
The present invention is concerned with large-scale photovoltaic (PV) plants subject to non-uniform solar irradiance and/or partial shading. According to the invention, a mathematical model of a PV generator with a plurality of PV modules as basic components arranged in strings and electrically connected to an inverter is built. A lay-out model comprises component dimension and PV generator configuration data. The PV generator model is used in conjunction with solar irradiance and temperature forecasts, derived from advanced sensors or forecasting systems, to describe the electrical properties of the PV generator. Quantities that may be determined or predicted include a Maximum Power Point (MPP) or the voltage region in which such point may be located, output power, ramp rate, maximum power drop, and duration of intermittency.
The subject matter herein includes a rotor for a consequent pole permanent magnet machine. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor laminations. Each lamination comprises a substantially disc-shaped member of magnetic material having a central aperture for surrounding the shaft. Each lamination further includes a plurality of magnet receiving apertures. Each magnet receiving aperture is located in or near an outer circumference of each lamination. Pairs of teeth extend outward from a wall of each magnet receiving aperture for holding edges of a magnet within each aperture.
An insulating device (600) includes a body portion (104) including a first surface feature (602) extending between a first surface end (604) and a second surface end (606). The first surface end (604) defines a first surface cross-sectional size (608). The second surface end (606) defines a second surface cross-sectional size (610). The second surface cross-sectional size (610) is less than the first surface cross-sectional size (608). The body portion (104) includes a second surface feature (612) extending between a third surface end (616) and a fourth surface end (617). The third surface end (616) defines a third surface cross-sectional size (618). The fourth surface end (617) defines a fourth surface cross-sectional size (620). The fourth surface cross-sectional size (620) is less than the third surface cross-sectional size (618). The insulating device (600) includes a flange portion (110) having a flange wall (224). The flange wall (224) includes a first mating portion (628) that engages the first surface feature (602) and a second mating portion (640) that engages the second surface feature (612) of the body portion (104).
A one-piece frame is provided for a core/coil assembly of a transformer. The frame includes a first wall, a second wall integral with the first wall, a third wall integral with the second wall and in opposing relation to the first wall, and a fourth wall integral with the third wall and in opposing relation to the second wall. Mounting structure secures the fourth wall to the first wall. The walls define a generally rectangular enclosure having open sides communicating with an interior space. The interior space is constructed and arranged to house at least a portion of a core/coil assembly of a transformer.
Embodiment of the present disclosure discloses an arrangement for conducting electric current between rotor windings and a slip-ring device (30) in a machine, comprising at least one set of conductive mechanisms each comprising: a conductive element (11) formed with a bar element; a first coupling element (12) adapted to electrically and mechanically couple a first end of the conductive element (11) to the slip -ring device (30); and a second coupling element adapted to electrically and mechanically couple a second end of the conductive element (11) to a rotor winding. This arrangement can conduct larger current, and is easy in manufacturing and mounting.
The invention relates to a device (2) for engagement in a process line (4), comprising a digital communication interface (5) for communication with other devices over a communication network (1) and a computing unit (6) with access to the communication interface (5), which executes a communication procedure which implements a communication protocol, where the communication procedure is designed to broadcast data containing information about the state of the device (2) via the communication network (1) to any number of other devices (2a; 2b; 2c) connected to the communication network (1). The invention further refers to a process line (4) comprising at least one such device (2).
H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
The invention relates to a power conversion device, comprising a phase terminal (8), at least one bus terminal (10), at least one branch module (11) arranged in between the phase terminal (8) and the bus terminal (10), and a control unit (15), whereby each branch module (11) comprises at least a voltage-source converter valve (1, 2), the branch module (11) further comprises a branch reactor (12) connected in series with the voltage-source converter valve (1, 2) and/or the power conversion device comprises a phase reactor (14) connected in series between the phase terminal (8) and the branch module (11), and the control unit (15) is adapted for measuring a branch di/dt (16) over the branch reactor (12) and/or a phase di/dt (17) over the phase reactor (14), generating a turn-off signal if the measured branch di/dt (16) and/or the measured phase di/dt (17) has exceeded a pre-defined threshold value, and, in response to the turn-off signal, turning-off at least one voltage-source converter valve (1, 2).
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
G01R 31/02 - Testing of electric apparatus, lines, or components for short-circuits, discontinuities, leakage, or incorrect line connection
H02H 3/44 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to the rate of change of electrical quantities
32.
DC CONNECTION SYSTEM FOR RENEWABLE POWER GENERATORS
A DC connection system for renewable power generators includes a first monopole DC collection network (112), a second monopole DC collection network (114) and a first bipole transmission system (116). The first monopole DC collection network (112) aggregates positive-valued DC voltage outputs of a first cluster of renewable power generators (100) onto a positive terminal (Udc+) of the first monopole DC collection network (112). The second monopole DC collection network (114) aggregates negative-valued DC voltage outputs of a second cluster of renewable power generators (102) onto a negative terminal (Udc-) of the second monopole DC collection network (114). The first bipole transmission system (116) is coupled to the positive and negative terminals (Udc+, Udc-) of the monopole DC collection networks (112, 114), for transferring the aggregated power to a power grid substation (104).
A semiconductor module (10) comprises at least one substrate (36), which supports at least one semiconductor chip (38), a base plate (12), on which the at least one substrate (36) is fastened in such a way that heat from the substrate (36) can be dissipated into the base plate (12), at least one fastening element (14) for fastening the base plate (12) to a heat sink (16), wherein the fastening element (14) is routed through the base plate (12), a spring element (22), which is pressed against the base plate (12) by the fastening element (14) when the fastening element (14) is fastened to the heat sink (16), and a plastically deformable spacer element (28), which is accommodated between the spring element (22) and the base plate (12) and which is designed to absorb some of the force which is produced between the spring element (22) and the base plate (12) when the fastening element (14) is fastened to the heat sink (16). The spring element (22) presses onto the base plate (12) at a first contact point (30) above the spacer element (28) and the spring element (22) presses against the base plate (12) at a second contact point (34) when the fastening element (14) is fastened to the heat sink (16).
An insertion-extraction-mechanism (1) for inserting/extracting a switching-device (2) in/from a switchgear (3), comprises: - displacing-means (4, 14) configured for exerting on the switching-device (2) a force (5) so as to move in a first direction (6) movable contacts (7) of the switching-device (2) with respect to stationary contacts (8) of the switchgear (3), and - driving-lever-means (9) configured for operating, through an external-driving-force (12) the displacing-means (4, 14). The driving-lever-means (9) are further configured for exerting on the switching-device (2), upon an external-motion-force (13), a respective force (10) so as to move in a second direction (11), opposite the first direction (6), the movable contacts (7) with respect to the stationary contacts (8).
The present invention is concerned with multi-antenna wireless communication with beam-forming techniques in wireless mesh networks, in particular for smart grid applications. According to the invention, the Signal to Noise Ration SNR maximization criterion at an intended receiver is modified into an optimization criterion such that the unwanted interference power at unintended collateral receivers is also taken into account. The interference power is either itself minimized in the optimization process, or at least constrained, i.e. maintained below a maximum value. The invention increases capacity of interference-limited wireless mesh networks, by a computationally minor modification of the state-of-the-art Transmit Beam-forming algorithm.
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systemsMulti-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
An HVDC circuit breaker unit (1) with an interrupter branch (2) extending between a first node (3) and a second node (4) comprising a vacuum interrupter (5) connected to the first node (3), and a gas interrupter (6) connected to the second node (4) of the circuit breaker unit. The vacuum interrupter (5) is connected to the circuit breaker unit (1) at a third node (7) such that the gas interrupter (6) is electrically connected in series to the vacuum interrupter (5). A first movable contact member (11) of the vacuum interrupter (5) and a second movable contact member (12) of the gas interrupter (6) are operatable by at least one Thomson coil drive. An arrestor branch (8) comprising a first non-linear resistor (9)is connected to the first node (3) and the second node (4).
H01H 33/59 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
H01H 33/14 - Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
37.
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FOR ISLANDED OR WEAKLY-CONNECTED SYSTEMS
A dual-voltage power generation system (100/200/300/400) includes a prime mover (102) configured for adjustable speed operation and a doubly-fed induction generator (104) driven by the prime mover (102) and including a multi-phase stator winding (106) and a multi-phase rotor winding (108). A first output terminal (110) of the dual-voltage power generation system (100/200/300/400) is electrically connected to the multi-phase stator winding (106), and a second output terminal (112) is electrically connected to the multi-phase rotor winding (108). The dual-voltage power generation system (100/200/300/400) further includes a first converter (114/120) having an AC side (116/122) connected to one of the multi-phase windings (106/108) and an AC or DC side (118/124) connected to one of the output terminals (110/112). The multi-phase stator winding (106) has a different turns ratio than the multi-phase rotor winding (108) and the first output terminal (110) is electrically isolated from the second output terminal (112) so that the generator (104) has two isolated power supply outputs at different voltage levels in a first configuration.
A semiconductor half-bridge module (10) comprises a first substrate (28) with at least one metallization layer (34) on at least one side, a first line (38a) of semiconductor chips (24a, 24b) electrically and mechanically bonded to a metallization layer (34) of the first substrate (28), a second line (38b) of semiconductor chips (24a, 24b) electrically and mechanically bonded to a metallization layer (34) of the first substrate (28), and a second substrate (30) mechanically bonded with one side to a metallization layer (34) of the first substrate (28) between the first line (38a) and the second line (38b), the second substrate (30) having at least one metallization layer (34e) on a second opposite side providing a DC contact (22) of the module (10). An electrical contact (26) of the semiconductor chips (24a, 24b) of the first line (38a) and/or of the second line (38b) is directly electrically connected to a metallization layer of the second substrate (30). The semiconductor chips (24a, 24b) form a first switch (14) and a second switch (16) of a half-bridge (12), such that a current between the first switch (14) and the second switch (16) flows below the second substrate (30).
H01L 23/373 - Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
The present invention relates to a power semiconductor device (10), comprising a power semiconductor element (12) with an upper side (14) and with a lower side (16), the upper side (14) being located opposite to the lower side (16); a first electrode (18) and a second electrode (20), wherein the power semiconductor element (12) is arranged between the first electrode (18) and the second electrode (20) such, that the upper side (14) is in electrical contact to the first electrode (18), and that the lower side (16) is in electrical contact to the second electrode (20), and wherein a housing arrangement (28) is provided at least comprising the first electrode (18), the second electrode (20) and an electrical insulator (30), wherein a rupture disk (32) is provided in the housing arrangement (28). The rupture disk (32) is positioned at a flange (34) and the flange (34) connects the first electrode (18) with a further part of the housing arrangement (28), in particular with the electrical insulator (30). A power semiconductor device (10) according to the present invention may enable a controlled escape of high pressures in turn preventing the power semiconductor device (10) from explosion in a failure mode.
H01L 23/051 - ContainersSeals characterised by the shape the container being a hollow construction and having a conductive base as a mounting as well as a lead for the semiconductor body another lead being formed by a cover plate parallel to the base plate, e.g. sandwich type
H01L 23/00 - Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
H01L 23/62 - Protection against overcurrent or overload, e.g. fuses, shunts
A protection device (100/300) includes a diode (102) having its forward direction in a normal power flow of a region of a DC collection system, a first switch (104) in parallel with the diode (102), a second switch (106) in series with the diode (102) and a control unit (108) for controlling the switches (104, 106). The first switch (104) can be opened so that current can flow through the diode (102) in the forward direction without the first switch (104) bypassing the diode (102), and closed if no current is flowing through the diode (102) in the forward direction and power is needed upstream of the diode (102). The second switch (106) can be closed so that current can flow through the diode (102) in the forward direction to an AC grid interface of the DC collection system, and opened if no current is flowing through the diode (102) in the forward direction due to a fault in a DC feeder ('Feeder 1', 'Feeder 2') to which the protection device (100/300) is coupled.
H02H 3/087 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current for DC applications
H02H 3/18 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to reversal of direct current
H02H 7/26 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred
41.
SENSOR FOR DETECTING THE ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF A CONTAINER ELEMENT AND IN THE VOLUME INCLUDED IN SAID CONTAINER ELEMENT, AND RELATED METHOD OF DETECTION
A sensor and a method associated therewith for detecting abnormal conditions of a container element, particularly adapted to accommodate electronic components, and within the volume defined by the container element itself.
The subject of the invention is a standalone modular structure suitable for containing power electronic devices and other electric devices, applicable in protecting power converter systems. A structure comprising a rectangular metal base-frame (1) shaping the external outline of the enclosure, on which at least one bottom frame (3) made of standard profiles is positioned. Each corner of the bottom frame (3) is connected with the vertical post (4) and all posts have their ends connected together by an upper frame (5) made of standard profiles. The standard profiles and vertical posts are forming a rear frame (9) of an enclosure cabinet (2) with window gaps for locating separate protection panels (14) or ventilation louver (28). Opposite the rear frame (9) a front frame (8) of the enclosure cabinet (2) is located having a window gap which is assigned for locating single or double doors (13). To the upper frame (5) a metal skeleton cooling box (6) is connected having a rear opening situated above the rear frame (9) and front opening situated above the front frame (8) and the box (6) is provided with a support frame (20) and a partition (22) for fixing inside the box (6) a cooling fan (24) and the box (6) is covered by roof (15) and has a bottom part partially made as a grid (27) which is a ventilating ceiling of the structure built from the bottom frame (3), vertical posts (4) and upper frame (5).
An industrial robot has two linkages connected with a rotary joint. Gravity imposes a torque on the joint. A counterbalancing unit connects the two linkages to each the other to compensate for the gravity-caused torque. The unit has a cylinder with two chambers. A piston in the cylinder has one end connected to the rotary joint and seals the two chambers against each other. Hydraulic fluid is in at least one of the two chambers and one or more instances of compressible material are in the hydraulic fluid. Movement of the rotary joint in a predetermined direction causes the piston to move and compress the compressible material and increase the cylinder pressure to create a force on the piston rod in a direction opposite to a direction of the piston movement.
B25J 19/00 - Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewingSafety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
44.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE PROTECTION OF DC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
While transient current magnitudes at different locations within a DC distribution system themselves are not a reliable indicator of fault location, it is recognized herein that accumulating energy or pseudo energy values provides a reliable basis for tripping the protection element at a fault location. Thus, in one aspect of the teachings herein, pseudo energy values are accumulated independently during a fault condition, for each of one or more protected branch circuits and the protection element for each such branch circuit is tripped responsive to the accumulated pseudo energy values reaching a defined pseudo energy threshold. The pseudo energy thresholds are defined so that the protection element in the branch circuit where the fault is located will trip first.
H02H 3/087 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current for DC applications
H02H 7/28 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred for meshed systems
H02H 3/093 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current with timing means
45.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING ELECTRICITY FROM OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES
According to one aspect of the teachings herein, a system for obtaining electricity from wind turbines provides advantageous operation with respect to offshore wind turbines where the size and weight of electricity generation and collection equipment are key considerations. The contemplated system includes an apparatus that is configured for collecting wind-generated electricity at a fixed low frequency and at a desired collection voltage, based on the advantageous configuration and use of a modular multilevel converter or MMC.
The present invention is concerned with a cost effective historian system that supports long term access to power system data originating from Phasor Measurement Units. According to the invention, a method of storing a plurality of blocks of power system data samples comprises the steps of performing a wavelet transform for each block of data samples to generate wavelet coefficients of a plurality of levels-of-detail, or wavelet generations, and storing, in a historian of the power system, the wavelet coefficients from different blocks and pertaining to a same level-of-detail as one stream of wavelet coefficients.
According to one aspect of the teachings herein, one or more converters, such as Variable Speed Drives or other AC-to-DC or AC-to-DC-to-AC converters in an electric power distribution network, are synchronized with respect to a central controller that is configured to control the one or more converters with respect to one or more network objectives. Example objectives includes reactive power consumption targets, Total Harmonic Distortion, THD, limits, reduced power consumption via Conservative Voltage Reduction, CVR, control, and overload mitigation.
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
F03D 9/00 - Adaptations of wind motors for special useCombinations of wind motors with apparatus driven therebyWind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
48.
INTEGRATED COMPACT BUSHING STRUCTURE COMBINING THE FUNCTIONALITY OF PRIMARY CONTACT WITH A CURRENT TRANSFORMER PRIMARY CONDUCTOR AND POST INSULATOR WITH IMPROVED CREEPAGE DISTANCE AND EMBEDDED METALLIC SHIELDING
A bushing structure (22) for a switchgear includes a mounting portion (23) constructed and arranged to mount the bushing structure. A barrel portion (34) extends from the mounting portion and is coaxial there-with. The barrel portion includes a plurality of undulations (40) in a peripheral surface thereof to increase creepage distance. A primary contact (36) is disposed within and extends a length of the barrel portion. The primary contact has a first end (38) constructed and arranged to be contacted by a movable contact of the switchgear and a second end (39) constructed and arranged to be connected with a busbar.
A step-down AC/AC converter for use in an electric distribution system includes at least one chopper circuit for each one of a plurality of phases of the AC power, each chopper circuit including a four-quadrant switch coupled in series between primary and secondary sides of the chopper circuit and a current-bidirectional two-quadrant switch coupled between the secondary side of the chopper circuit and a common node. Each current-bidirectional two-quadrant switch is oriented in the same direction, with respect to the secondary side of the corresponding chopper circuit and the common node. The converter further includes a control circuit configured to pulse-width-modulate control inputs of the switches, to convert a first multiphase AC voltage at the primary sides of the chopper circuits to a second multiphase AC voltage at the secondary sides of the chopper circuits, the second multiphase AC voltage being lower in voltage than the first multiphase AC voltage.
H02M 5/293 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
50.
MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR CONSTRUCTION USING SYMMETRIC SHEET METAL PARTS AND PANELS TO BUILD COMPARTMENT ASSEMBLIES AND SUBASSEMBLIES
Side panels for a compartment of a switchgear include a first panel structure and a second panel structure that is identical to the first panel structure. Each panel structure has a body with symmetric surface features in the body. Certain of the surface features are offset from a plane of symmetry of the body. The first panel structure is constructed and arranged to define a left side of the compartment and the second panel structure, upon proper orientation, is constructed and arranged to define an opposing, right side of the compartment. The side walls are therefore interchangeable with one single production process and can thereafter be stacked and stored in stock designated merely as side walls for the cabinet, allowing a simplified logistics and assembly.
A switchgear apparatus (1) comprising a switching unit (2) comprising one or more electric poles (21), a truck assembly (4), on which said switching unit is mounted, said truck assembly being movable with respect to a supporting frame (3), actuation means (5) for moving said truck assembly, said switching unit being reversibly movable between an insertion position (A), at which said switching unit is electrically connected to an electric line, and a withdrawal position (B), at which said switching unit is electrically disconnected from said electric line and an electro-mechanical signalling arrangement (6) that is mounted on said truck assembly, said electromechanical signalling arrangement interacting with said actuation means to provide electric signals indicative of the position of the switching unit at said insertion position (A), at said withdrawal position (B) or at an intermediate position (C) that is different from said insertion position and said withdrawal position. The electro-mechanical signalling arrangement comprises an auxiliary contact device (7) of the rotational type and a first and second signalling mechanism (8, 9) to actuate said auxiliary contact device.
Isolation structure is provided for electrically isolating a busbar mounted to a post insulator by a fastener via a busbar mounting hole. The busbar has insulating material covering the busbar except for surfaces defining the mounting hole. The isolation structure includes an electrically insulating sleeve constructed and arranged to be disposed around a portion of a periphery of the fastener and to be received in the busbar mounting hole. At least first and second electrically insulating washers each have a bore that receives the insulating sleeve. The insulating washers are constructed and arranged to engage with the surfaces defining the mounting hole on opposing sides of the busbar so as to sandwich the busbar between the first and second insulating washers.
A bellows arrangement comprising an extensible bellows part (120) for providing extension and/or contraction of the bellows arrangement, and a first end ring (106) fixed to the bellows part (120). The bellows part (120) comprises an inner bellows (222) and an outer bellows (224), and the inner bellows (222) and the outer bellows (224) are fixed to opposite sides of the first end ring (106).
F17D 5/04 - Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss by means of a signalling fluid enclosed in a double wall
F16L 27/11 - Adjustable jointsJoints allowing movement comprising a flexible connection only the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations
F16L 39/02 - Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies for hoses
G01M 3/28 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables, or tubesInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipe joints or sealsInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for valves
A subsea pressure compensator, comprising an inner bellows (222), and an outer bellows (224) encompassing the inner bellows (222), which inner bellows (222) and outer bellows (224) are arranged at least partly overlapping each other. The subsea pressure compensator comprises a test assembly for testing the tightness of the space (228) between the inner bellows (222) and the outer bellows (224).
G01M 3/22 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables, or tubesInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipe joints or sealsInvestigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for valves
H01F 27/14 - Expansion chambersOil conservatorsGas cushionsArrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
The present invention relates to a power semiconductor device (10), comprising a power semiconductor element (12) with an upper side (14) and with a lower side (16), the upper side (14) being located opposite to the lower side (16); a first electrode (18) and a second electrode (20), and a housing, wherein the power semiconductor element (12) is arranged between the first electrode (18) and the second electrode (20) such, that the upper side (14) comprises a first contact portion (22) being in contact with the first electrode (18) and a first free portion (24) not being in contact with the first electrode (18), and wherein the lower side (16) at least comprises a second contact portion (26) being in contact with the second electrode (20), and wherein a channel (36) is provided fluidly connecting at least a part of the first free portion (24) with a predetermined degassing point (38) of the housing for guiding an overpressure, which overpressure results from plasma and/or gas occurring in a failure mode during operation of the power semiconductor device, from the first free portion (24) to the predetermined degassing (38) point. A power semiconductor device (10) according to the present invention may enable a controlled escape of hot plasma and/or gas with high pressure, created in a critical failure mode, from the housing and at the same time preventing the hot plasma and/or gas from making damage to the heat- sinks or another parts of equipment in which the semiconductor device (10) was placed. The power semiconductor device (10) is thus at least partly prevented from explosion in the failure mode, safety of personnel manipulating with failed devices is improved, and the danger of damaging parts in the vicinity of the power semiconductor device (10) is reduced.
H01L 23/051 - ContainersSeals characterised by the shape the container being a hollow construction and having a conductive base as a mounting as well as a lead for the semiconductor body another lead being formed by a cover plate parallel to the base plate, e.g. sandwich type
56.
METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR FACILITATING OPERATION OF AN AUTOMATION OR CONTROL SYSTEM
A method and an arrangement for facilitating operation of an automation or control system are presented. In the method, a user input is detected which requires displaying a context menu on a screen in connection with a graphic representation belonging to at least one technical component, which technical component relates to the operation of the automation or control system. The context menu is accordingly displayed on the screen. It is suggested to obtain a current state information of the at least one technical component from the automation or control system and to visualize the current state information by amending the graphic representation of the context menu.
A method and an arrangement are described for visualizing an alarm of an automation or control system on a screen of a human machine interface (HMI), wherein a map-based view is displayed by a geographic information system (GIS) on the screen. The map-based view indicates a geographic location of at least one technical component which is related to the operation of the automation or control system, by visualizing at least one GIS object associated to the at least one technical component. The method comprises the steps of transmitting information on a newly generated alarm to the GIS, identifying the GIS object to which the newly generated alarm is associated, determining whether the GIS object is currently visible in a viewport of the map-based view, if so, including or amending a graphic alarm item in the map-based view for visual representation of the newly generated alarm, wherein the graphic alarm item is shown in connection with the GIS object, and if not, including or amending a graphic direction item in the map-based view for visual representation of the direction in which the viewport needs to be panned for making the GIS object visible.
G06F 3/0481 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
The present invention is concerned with the operation of solar power plants such as Photo Voltaic (PV) or Concentrated Solar thermal Power (CSP) plants. The invention involves recursive updating of estimated parameters pertaining to pre-defined and physically motivated cloud evolution models that are instantiated and assigned to clouds identified in images taken by a ground-based visible-light camera. Identification of clouds, which includes assigning individual pixels of an image to one or several identified clouds, and selection of matching cloud models invoke some elaborate complexity beyond conventional pixel-wise image processing. This ultimately allows to predict a cloud-wise, as opposed to a pixel-wise, evolution based on cloud evolution models with a limited number of estimated parameters.
A compensation arrangement for a subsea device, comprising a bellows compensator (110) for compensating volume variations of an insulating fluid arranged into a fluid space of the subsea device, the bellows compensator comprising an extensible bellows part (112) and a movable plate (116) secured to one end of the bellows part (112). The subsea compensation arrangement further comprises a pressure compensator (130) for compensating pressure caused by the bellows compensator (110) to the insulating fluid.
An intelligent fuse provides the operational status of the power network upon whit the fuse is installed to a mobile device of a remote user. A fuse electronic circuit embedded in the fuse holder of the fuse captures the characteristic values of the power network and transmits the data to the mobile device. The mobile device ha an application installed thereon to calculate the distance to fault location from the recording fuse using the fuse electronic circuit-captured data. The fuse electronic circuit-captured data is further used to visualize the data collected at the measurement points of the electrical system upon which the fuse is installed.
H02H 3/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
A reverse-conducting semiconductor device (200) with an electrically active region in a central part of the device is provided, which comprises a freewheeling diode and an insulated gate bipolar transistor on a common wafer (100). Part of the wafer (100) forms a base layer (101) with a base layer thickness (102). A cathode layer (1) of a first conductivity type with at least one first region (10) and a anode layer (2) of a second conductivity type with at least one second and pilot region (20, 22) are alternately arranged on the collector side (103). Each region has a region area with a region width (11, 21, 23) surrounded by a region border. The RC-IGBT is designed in such a way that the following geometrical rules are fulfilled: each pilot region area is an area having a pilot region width of at least two times the base layer thickness (102); the at least one pilot region (22) is arranged in the central part of the active region in such a way that the mixed region laterally surrounds the at least one pilot region (22); the at least one second region is that part of the anode layer (2), which is not the at least one pilot region (22); the mixed region has a width of at least once the base layer thickness (102); the total area (i.e. sum of the areas) of the at least one pilot region (22) is between 10 and 45 % of the mixed region area; each first region width (11) is smaller than the base layer thickness (102); in each area on the emitter side (104), which lies in projection to one of the at least one pilot region (22), the plurality of source regions (3) have a first area density (31); in each area on the emitter side (104), which lies in projection to the mixed region, the plurality of source regions (3) have a second area density (32); and the first area density (31) is lower than the second area density (32).
H01L 29/739 - Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field effect
H01L 29/08 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified, or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
H01L 29/06 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions
Automatic reclosing of a fault interrupting device is overridden by establishing communication with a control system (104) for a fault interrupting device (106) operable to open responsive to a fault on an electric distribution system and automatically reclose after a predetermined time delay, and analyzing data for the electric distribution system by an apparatus separate from the fault interrupting device control system (104) and having higher performance than the fault interrupting device control system (104), to determine whether to block the automatic reclosing of the fault interrupting device (106) before the fault interrupting device (106) automatically recloses. An autoreclosing block command is generated by the apparatus if the apparatus determines the automatic reclosing of the fault interrupting device (106) should be blocked. The autoreclosing block command is sent from the apparatus to the fault interrupting device control system (104) to prevent the automatic reclosing of the fault interrupting device (106) after the predetermined time delay.
H02H 3/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details with automatic reconnection
H02H 3/07 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details with automatic reconnection and with permanent disconnection after a predetermined number of reconnection cycles
H02H 7/26 - Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occurred
An electrical switching device (1) is filled with a dielectric insulating medium comprising an organofluorine compound, in particular a fluoroether, a fluoroamine, a fluoroketone or a fluoroolefin, and comprises at least an arcing contact arrangement with a first arcing contact (4a) and a mating second arcing contact (4b). At least a first intermediate volume(7) is provided downstream from the first arcing contact (4a), and/or at least a second intermediate volume (8) is provided downstream from the second arcing contact (4b). The intermediate volumes (7, 8) are for intermediate pressure enhancement and exhaust gas jet formation for turbulent convective heat transfer to metal walls (7b, 8b) of the exhaust system.In embodiments, the first and/or second intermediate volume (7, 8) is delimited by at least one moveable wall (14a, 14b)arranged transversally to the longitudinal axis (z) and shiftable parallel to it by an actuation device(15, 16, 17).
H01H 33/70 - Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
H01H 33/22 - Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing
H01H 33/74 - Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
64.
INTERACTIVE TRAINING INTERFACE FOR ASSET HEALTH MANAGEMENT
One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for providing an interactive game interface for asset management. The interactive game interface may be used to train users, such as employees of a particular industry (e.g., an electrical utility industry), and/or capture knowledge from users. A knowledge module may be associated with asset health management (e.g., real-time management of industrial assets). The knowledge module may be evaluated to generate an asset health management scenario (e.g., a scenario where a user is to take action with respect to a power outage). The asset health management scenario may be provided through the interactive game interface in order to train users. User interaction data associated with the asset health management scenario, such as a user specified action plan, may be used to update the knowledge module and/or the asset health management scenario with relatively more efficient and/or up-to-date information.
The subject of the invention is a modular subsea power distribution system to which many individual subsea load units can be connected. A modular subsea power distribution system (1) comprises a base module (7) to which a load unit (10) is connected through a connection element (11) having a form of a split core transformer (11'/11") whose primary windings (13a) and a first part of the core (12a) are permanently attached to the base module (7) and the secondary windings (13b) and a second part of the core (12b) are permanently attached to the load unit (10). The invention is characterized in that the primary windings (13a) and secondary windings (13b) of the split core transformer (11'/11") are situated coaxially one within the other when the load unit (10) is connected to the base module (7) and at the same time the first part of the core (12a) and the second part of the core (12b) form closed magnetic core (12).
H02M 7/00 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output
H01F 27/40 - Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
H01F 30/04 - Fixed transformers not covered by group having two or more secondary windings, each supplying a separate load, e.g. for radio set power supplies
Disclosed is a magneto-mechanical sensor for paramagnetic gas analysis, in which a test piece (1) comprising a conductor loop (2) is rotatably held by at least one suspension wire (5). In order to be able to produce the conductor loop (2), which is to be electrically connected to the at least one suspension wire (5), with little manual effort and use a small-sized, light-weight sensor, portions of the conductor loop are applied to the surface of the test piece using a metallization process.
G01N 27/74 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids
G01N 27/76 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables of fluids by investigating susceptibility
67.
SECURITY FRAMEWORK FOR TRANSMITTING COMMUNICATION MESSAGES BETWEEN A SUBSTATION LAN AND PACKET-SWITCHED WAN
The invention relates to the field of a security framework for transmitting communication messages between a Substation LAN and packet-switched WAN, in particular, a network interface for transmitting protection data in a power network. The present invention provides a network interface for transmitting communication data including protection data of a power communication network, between a Substation Ethernet LAN and a packet-switched WAN usually in Layer 2. The network interface comprises: a firewall and a Layer 3 router being connected with each other and adapted to transmit the communication data excluding the protection data; and a Layer 2 bypass being in parallel with the firewall and the Layer 3 router, and adapted to transmit the protection data. According to a further aspect, the present invention also provides a method for transmitting such communication data.
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
H02H 7/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
A termination region (4) of a vertical DMOSFET or IGBT is described, in which surface p-rings (10) are combined with oxide/polysiliconf i I led trenches (40), buried p-rings (41) and optional surface field plates (11), so as to obtain an improved distribution of potential field lines (7) in the termination region (4). The combination of surface ring termination (10, 11) and deep ring termination (41) offers a significant reduction in the area of the termination region (4).
The present invention provides a method for licensing of a hardware component (12) connected to a real time data processing system (10), comprising the steps of providing a software component (16) enabling the use of the hardware component (12) with the real time data processing system (10), which is executable on the real time data processing system (10), verifying a license (24) for the hardware component (12) in the software component (16), and activating the hardware component (12) to make it usable to the real time data processing system (10) upon successful verification of the license (24) for the hardware component (12) in the software component (16). The present invention also provides a real time data processing system (10) connected to at least one HW component (12) subject to licensing, whereby the real time data processing system (10) is adapted to perform the above method.
G06F 21/10 - Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material
G06F 21/62 - Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
G06F 21/70 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
G06F 21/71 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
A wind power generator comprising a stator, a rotor with a shaft connectable to wind turbine and a stationary superconducting coil structure for magnetizing the rotor of the wind power generator, the stator of the wind power generator comprising a multi-phase winding for producing electricity from the wind power generator. The wind power generator is a synchronous generator, and the superconducting coil structure comprises end portions that are arranged to be magnetized with opposing polarities by a superconducting coil, and the rotor comprises poles ex- tending in the surface of the rotor in the direction of the shaft of the generator, the poles being arranged to be magnetized using the superconducting coil structure, wherein each rotor pole is arranged to extend inwardly at one end of the pole such that the inwardly extended end of the pole is arranged in the vicinity of an end portion of the superconducting coil structure for magnetizing the rotor pole and wherein the rotor poles comprises pole shoes, which are formed to provide sinusoidally varying air gap flux in the air gap between stator and rotor.
H02K 55/02 - Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
H02K 7/18 - Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g.with turbines
H02K 19/24 - Synchronous generators having windings each turn of which co-operates alternately with poles of opposite polarity, e.g. heteropolar generators with variable-reluctance soft-iron rotors without winding
A method of increasing accuracy of optical sensors (10) based on generating two sets of light waves having different velocities in the presence of a non-vanishing measurand field within a sensing element (131, 134) of the sensor (10) is described. A defined static bias phase shift is introduced between the two sets of light waves. The sensor (10) converts a total optical phase shift including static bias optical phase shifts and measurand-induced optical phase shifts into anti-phase optical power changes in at least two detector channels(142,143). The method includes steps of normalizing the optical power changes after their conversion into electrical detector signals in the two detector channels (142, 143) to reduce effects of uneven intensity or power of the light source (111) and different loss or gain in the detector channels. Further methods, sensors and apparatus for temperature stabilizing such optical sensors and novel sensors are also presented.
A fiber optic sensor (10) and related method are described, with the sensor (10) including a cross-coupling element (16) in the optical path between a polarizing element (2, 41, 55a, 24) and a sensing element (12), but separated from the sensing element itself; with the cross- coupling element (16) generating a defined cross-coupling between the two orthogonal polarization states of the fundamental mode of a polarization maintaining fiber (11) guiding light from the light source (1) to the sensing element (12) thus introducing a wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent sensor signal shift to balance wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent signal shifts due to other elements of the sensor, particularly signal shifts due to the wavelength dependence of the Faraday effect or the electro-optic effect constant.
A modular crawler for inspecting a confined space that can be the air gap of a rotating electrical machinery has a main function module to which drive modules and other function modules that depend on the confined space configuration can be connected. When the confined space the air gap between the rotor and stator of a rotating machine the crawler can be used for operations such as visual inspection, wedge tapping and maintenance. The main module has cameras and on board electronics and can also have a tether to communicate with equipment located outside of the confined space, send video to that equipment and receive commands from an operator of the crawler. The drive modules have tracks that ride on the stator slots. The removable spacers between the modules are adaptive to fit the configuration that the track rides on. The other function modules provide certain other functions.
B62D 55/065 - Multi-track vehicles, i.e. more than two tracks
B62D 57/024 - Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground-engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members specially adapted for moving on inclined or vertical surfaces
The present invention relates to vacuum circuit breakers (2) comprising a tank (4) enclosing a tank interior space (6) and therein a vacuum interrupter (8) with vacuum flask (10), which encloses a vacuum space (16) with a pair of moveable electrical contacts (18a, 18b). The contacts (18a, 18b) are each supported by a conductive stem (20a, 20b) extending from the vacuum space (16) to the outside of the vacuum space (16). The portion of the tank interior space (6) surrounding the vacuum interrupter (8) forms at least one insulation space (9, 9'), which contains a dielectric insulation medium comprising an organofluorine compound (11) with GWP lower than SF6. According to the invention, the organofluorine compound (11) is at least partially in liquid state at operating conditions of the circuit breaker, and at least a portion of the vacuum interrupter (8) is immersed in the liquid organofluorine compound (11).
The subject matter of the invention is that a roller mill with a displaceable roller (1') is driven via an electric motor (2) with a rotor (21) which is mounted so as to be displaceable in an axial direction. Here, the displaceable roller (1') is mounted in an axial direction and in a radial direction. A cardan shaft (3) with a constant length is arranged between the electric motor (2) and the displaceable roller (1') such that the rotary movement of the rotor (21) can be converted into a rotary movement of the displaceable roller (1'). In the case of a displacement of the displaceable roller (1') orthogonal to the axial direction of the displaceable roller (1'), joints of the cardan shaft balance out the resulting angular displacement of the shaft of the displaceable roller (1') and the shaft of the electric motor (2). The resulting change in the distance between the shaft of the displaceable roller (1') and the shaft of the electric motor (2) is balanced out by the rotor (21) by an axial movement.
The electric machine comprises a rotor (100) with a first end (E1), a second end (E2), axial air channels (A1) and first radial air channels (R1) and a stator with second radial air channels. The rotor (100) is divided into at least two axial sections (X1, X2) having a first end (X10, X20) facing towards the first end (E1) and a second end (X11, X21) facing towards the second end (E1) of the rotor (100). The axial air channels (A1) start from the first end (E1) of the rotor (100) and are divided into a number of groups (G1, G2) corresponding to the number of rotor sections (X1, X2). The axial air channels (A1) in a group (G1, G2) are blocked at the second axial end (X11, X21) of the rotor section (X1, X2) that has a number corresponding to the number of the group (G1, G2). The axial air channels (A1) in a group (G1, G2) are connected to the first radial air channels (R1) only in the rotor section (X1, X2) that has a number corresponding to the number of the group (G1, G2).
A semiconductor stack arrangement (100, 100') and a power semiconductor module with such stack arrangement (100, 100') is proposed. The stack arrangement (100, 100') comprises a first semiconductor chip (102) with a planar terminal (106) mounted to a side (108) of the first semiconductor chip (102) and a second semiconductor chip (104) with a planar terminal (116) mounted to a side (118) of the second semiconductor chip (104). The stack arrangement (100, 100') further comprises an interposer (128, 128') arranged between the first semiconductor chip (102) and the second semiconductor chip (104), which interposer (128, 128) is adapted for electrically connecting the planar terminal (106) of the first semiconductor chip (102) and the planar terminal (116) of the second semiconductor chip (104). A first side (130) of the interposer (128, 128') is in thermal contact with the planar terminal (106) of the first semiconductor chip (102) and a second side (132) of the interposer (128, 128') is in thermal contact with the planar terminal (116) of the second semiconductor chip (104), and the interposer (128, 128') comprises a at least one channel or a plurality of channels (134) adapted for cooling the first semiconductor chip (102) and the second semiconductor chip (104). The interposer is manufactured from an electrically and thermally conductive material and/or alloy.
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
H01L 23/46 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
78.
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION WITH FASTER CAPACITOR BALANCING
An electrical converter (10) has a balancing property such that a capacitor voltage of a capacitor (16) of the electrical converter tends towards a balancing voltage. A method for controlling the electrical converter (10) comprises: generating switching signals for the electrical converter (10) based on pulse width modulation, wherein switching instants (36) are determined by comparing a reference voltage signal (38) with a carrier signal (40); determining a state of unbalance of at least one capacitor (16) of the electrical converter, the state of unbalance (vd) being based on a difference between an actual capacitor voltage and a desired reference voltage; determining, whether the state of unbalance (vd) is outside a natural balancing region (44); and, in the case, the state of unbalance (vd) is outside the natural balancing region (44), phase shifting of a regular carrier signal (40), such that the capacitor voltage of the capacitor tends more directly in the direction of the natural balancing region (44) than during pulse width modulation with the regular carrier signal (40), whereby a phase shift (48) for the phase shifting of the regular carrier signal (40) is determined by minimizing a cost function based on the state of unbalance (vd) and/or a DC link voltage ofthe electrical converter (10).
A method provides a radial drop winding for an open wound transformer. A plurality of non-electrically conductive posts (10) are arranged to define an interior space. Each post is of generally L-shape having a main body (14) and a leg (16) extending from a bottom end of the main body. During an open winding process, conductive wire (54) is dropped to build up lengthwise along the posts to define at least one generally cylindrical winding segment (56, 58) supported by the legs of the posts.
The invention relates to a low-, medium-, or high-voltage vacuum interrupter with a contact system of two opposing contacts with AMF contact system, wherein at least one contact is a moving contact, and the AMF contact profile is bell-shaped. In order to develop a concept for higher current interruption, which a resulting effective arc elimination, the invention is, that in the center of each of the AMF-contact profiles is arranged a magnetic field weakening element.
The invention relates to a three-phase isolating and/or earthing switch of a three-phase, gas-insulated, metal-encapsulated, medium-voltage or high-voltage switchgear, the three switch poles (1.1, 1.2) of which are arranged adjacent to or above each other in a plane and oriented horizontally, wherein the switch poles (1.1, 1.2) can be activated via a common drive mechanism. A centre moveable contact piece (3) of the middle switch pole (1.2) located between the outer switch poles (1.1) can be mechanically connected to a drive output of the drive mechanism via a transmission arrangement (5, 6, 12, 13) and can be set into motion by this means. In each case, an outer moveable contact piece (4) of the two outer switch poles (1.1) is mechanically connected to the transmission arrangement by means of a shaft arrangement and can be set into motion by this means, such that the supply of the drive energy provided by the drive output is carried out on the centre moveable contact piece (3) and symmetrically to the outer moveable contact pieces (4).
H01H 33/64 - Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein the break is in gas
H01H 3/40 - Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
H01H 31/00 - Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
H01H 31/32 - Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
82.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A ROTATIONAL SPEED OF A SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE
A method for determining a rotational speed of a synchronous machine is provided. The synchronous machine is a generator and the method includes measuring one or more electrical parameters of the synchronous machine, and determining the rotational speed of the synchronous machine using an Extended Kalman Filter algorithm. The one or more electrical parameters are inputted into the Extended Kalman Filter algorithm as input parameters.
G01P 3/44 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
G01P 3/48 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
H02P 9/10 - Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
H02P 21/13 - Observer control, e.g. using Luenberger observers or Kalman filters
H02P 21/12 - Stator flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
83.
COMPACT MEDIUM VOLTAGE AIR INSULATED SWITCHGEAR USING REAR MOUNTED CURRENT TRANSFORMERS AND BUSHINGS OF DIFFERENT LENGTH
A switchgear includes a housing having a wall separating a circuit breaker compartment from a bus/cable compartment. A plurality of bushings is provided. Each bushing has first and second portions. Each bushing extends through the wall so that the first portion is disposed in the circuit breaker compartment and the second portion is disposed in the bus/cable compartment. Each second portion has an extension. At least one current transformer is mounted on the extension of the second portion of each bushing. The extensions are constructed and arranged so that a phase to phase distance is 180 mm or less. Such a configuration also decreased the overall size of the switchgear.
A converter system (108) for coupling to a plurality of ac power source (106) includes a plurality of rectifiers (404) and bi-directional converters (406). Each rectifier (404) is coupled to one of the ac power sources (106) and coupled in series into a series dc bus (102) converting the ac power to dc power. Each bi-directional converter (406) is coupled between one of the ac power sources (106) and a parallel bus (104), and is operable to transfer power between the ac source (106) and the parallel bus (104). A corresponding power generation network (100) and power transmission method are also provided. In case a power source is producing more power than the rectifier is adapted for, surplus power is routed via the bi-directional converter to the parallel bus and therefrom via another bi-directional converter to the input of a rectifier at another ac power source.
An insulated gate bipolar transistor (1) is provided having layers between an emitter electrode (10) on an emitter side (12) and a collector electrode (14) on a collector side (16) opposite to the emitter side (12), comprising: - a lowly doped drift layer (2) of a first conductivity type, - a p doped collector layer (5) of a second conductivity type, - a base layer (3) of the second conductivity type, - a source region (4) of the first conductivity type, - a first gate unit (6), which comprises at least two first trench gate electrodes (61) and at least two planar gate electrodes (62), wherein each first trench gate electrode (61) has a first electrically conductive layer (610) and a first insulating layer (612), wherein each planar gate electrode (62) has a second electrically conductive layer (620) and a second insulating layer (622), - a second gate unit (7), which comprises at least one second trench gate electrode (71), wherein the at least one second trench gate electrode (71) comprises a third electrically conductive layer (710) and a third insulating layer (712), wherein the at least one third electrically conductive layer (71) is electrically connected to the emitter electrode (10), wherein each second electrically conductive layer (620) contacts a first electrically conductive layer (610) such that the first and second electrically conductive layers (610, 620) form a first shape closed in itself, by which first shape the first gate unit (6) encloses the second gate unit (7) - at least two third trench gate electrodes (8), each of which has a fourth electrically conductive layer (80) and a fourth insulating layer (82), - wherein each of the at least one third trench gate electrode (8) is arranged between one of the at least two planar gate electrodes (62) and the second gate unit (7) such that at least two first and third trench gate electrodes (61, 8) are electrically connected and form a second shape closed in itself by which second shape the second gate unit (7) is enclosed, - at least two bars (35) of the second conductivity type, each of which is arranged below the planar gate electrode (62) such that each bar (35) separates a planar gate electrode (62) from any other layer of the first or second conductivity type at least on a side opposite to a third trench gate electrode (8), wherein the at least one bar (35) extends to and electrically contacts the emitter electrode (10), wherein the at least two bars (35) have at least one of a higher maximum doping concentration or a greater depth from the emitter side (12) than the base layer (3), wherein each third trench gate electrode (8) separates a bar (35) and a planar gate electrode (62) from the second gate unit (7), wherein the base layer (3) separates the second gate unit (7) from the enclosing second shape in a plane parallel to the emitter side (12).
A method for controlling an electrical converter (12) comprises the steps of: determining an error value (ψs,err) based on a difference between an estimated output value (ψs) and a reference output value (ψs*), the estimated output value being based on measurements in the electrical converter (12); comparing the error value (ψs,err) with an error band (46a) and in the case of the error value exceeds the error band (46a), controlling the electrical converter by switching to a different control scheme. The converter is controlled with the modified pre-calculated switching by: determining a pre-calculated switching sequence (40) for the converter (12) based on an actual state of the electrical converter (12), the switching sequence comprising a sequence of switching transitions (42) of the converter (12); modifying the pre-calculated switching sequence (40) by modifying transition times of switching transitions (42) of the pre-calculated switching sequence, such that the error value (ψs,err) is minimized; and applying at least a part of the modified switching sequence to the electrical converter (12).
H02M 7/539 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
A semiconductor device (1) comprises a semiconductor slab having a first main side (11) and a second main side (15), said second main side (15) being arranged parallel to the first main side (11); and a bulk layer (3) of a first conductivity type located between the first main side (11) and the second main side (15); the gate commutated thyristor cell (91) comprising layers in the following order in the semi-conductor slab between the first and second main side (11, 15): a first cathode layer (4) of the first conductivity type,a base layer (6) of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type,the bulk layer (3),a buffer layer (8) of the first conductivity type,a first anode layer (5) of the second conductivity type, the gate commutated thyristor cell (91) further comprising a GCT cathode electrode (2) arranged on the first main side on the first cathode layer,a first main electrode (25) arranged on the second main side on the first anode layer (5),a gate electrode (7) arranged on -preferably lateral to the first cathode layer (4) and separated from it by -the base layer (6);a diode cell (96), the diode cell comprising layers in the following order in the semiconductor slab between the first and second main side (11, 15):a second anode layer (55) of the second conductivity type,the bulk layer (3), and a second cathode layer (45) of the first conductivity type adjacent to the second main side (15); and a diode anode electrode (28) arranged on the first main side on the second anode layer (55). Agate-cathode blocking region (351) of the first conductivity type is arranged between second anode layer (55) and base layer (6) and adjacent to the first main side (11),the gate-cathode blocking region (351) having a higher net doping concentration than the bulk layer (3).
The invention relates to a reporting-system (1a,1b,1c), for a distributed control system (2a, 2b, 2c) comprising at least one control-device (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) which is configured for providing respective device-data (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e), time variant measurement-data (8a, 8b) and/or object-data (9a, 9b) wherein the reporting system (1a, 1b,1c) comprises: ■ at least one database (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) which is connected to the control- device (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) and which is configured for receiving the provided data (6, 8, 9); ■ at least one computing-device (12a, 12b, 12c) which is connected to the database (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) and which is configured for o reading out the respective data (6, 8, 9); o generating a report (14a, 14b, 14c) with at least one entry (16a, 16b, 16c) in case of a trigger; wherein o the at least one entry (16a, 16b, 16c) comprises at least one reference (18a, 18b, 18c), with a relating link (20a, 20b, 20c), to the respective device-data (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e), measurement-data (8a, 8b) and/or object-data (9a, 9b). The invention includes also a method for generating a report (14a, 14b, 14c), with the above mentioned reporting system (1a, 1 b, 1c) according to the introduced invention.
The electric machine comprises a frame (2), a stator arranged inside the frame, and a rotor arranged inside the stator, and a shaft, whereto the rotor has been fixed, wherein the shaft is arranged to rotate supported the bearings. An axial ribbing (8) is arranged onto the outer surface of the frame (2), the axial ribbing (8) comprising a plurality of axial ribs (8,18,20), which protrude from the frame (2), and slots between the adjacent ribs (8,18, 20), whereby an auxiliary device is installable onto the outer surface of the frame (2) in the ribbed sector. At least two ribs (18, 20) comprises a fixing knob (22), located in a position corresponding to the fixing points of the auxiliary device, whereby axial thickness of the fixing knobs (22) varies with increasing distance from the fixing point.
A hybrid alternating current (AC)/direct current (DC) distribution system for multiple-floor buildings includes per-floor rectifiers for converting supply side AC to DC. Each rectifier is configured to supply a plurality of DC loads associated with one floor of a multiple-floor building. The system further includes per-floor DC busses, each of the DC busses being configured to distribute the DC to the DC loads its respective floor. The system further includes at least one AC bus for supplying AC power to AC loads in the building.
H02J 1/12 - Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 4/00 - Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
91.
A METHOD OF SINGLE-ENDED FAULT LOCATION IN HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES
The invention concerns a method of fault location in HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) transmission lines, especially in mixed lines, where part of the line is overhead line and part is a cable line. The fault location is based on estimation arrival times of travelling waves induced by fault in transmission line that are propagating along the line from faulted point to the measurement point, which is located at one end of the transmission line.
A robotic 3D printing system has a six degree of freedom (DOF) robot (12) that holds the platform (16) on which the 3D part (15) is built on. The system uses the dexterity of the 6 DOF robot to move and rotate the platform relative to the 3D printing head (18), which deposits the material on the platform. The system allows the part build in 3D directly with a simple printing head and depositing the material along the gravity direction. The 3D printing head is held by another robot (14) or robots. The robot movement can be calibrated to improve the accuracy and efficiency for high precision 3D part printing.
B29C 67/00 - Shaping techniques not covered by groups , or
B33Y 30/00 - Apparatus for additive manufacturingDetails thereof or accessories therefor
93.
WATER AND CONTAMINATION ABSORBER FOR C02 INSULATED ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR THE GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION AND/OR USAGE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY
The present invention relates to an electrical apparatus for generation, transmission, distribution and/or usage of electrical energy, comprising a housing enclosing an electrical apparatus interior space, at least a portion of of which forms at least one insulation space having an electrical component and containing a surrounding insulation medium comprising an amount of carbon dioxide mco2 · The insulation space is formed by at least one insulation space compartment, in which an adsorber for reducing or eliminating the amount of water mH20 and optionally further contaminants from the insulation medium is arranged. The amount of adsorber mads arranged in the at least one insulation space compartment complies with the formulae (I) and (II).
H01B 3/56 - Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materialsSelection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances gases
94.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USING VIBRATION TO RELEASE PARTS HELD BY A ROBOTIC GRIPPER
A robot has a gripper for gripping parts and releasing the gripped part at a destination position. The gripped part is vibrated at the destination position to cause the gripper to release the gripped part. The gripped part can be directly vibrated or vibrated by vibrating the mechanical structure of the gripper or by vibrating air in the gripper mechanical structure. The vibrator can connect the gripper to the robot. The vibrator can be inside or attached to the one or more of the articulated fingers of the gripper. The vibrations can be stopped when a sensor detects that the gripped part has been released or after the passage of a preset vibration time.
The invention relates to a dry-type transformer coil (10, 32, 34, 36, 52, 54, 56), comprising a hollow cylindrical coil having at least one radial inner winding (12) and one radial outer winding (14). Provided on the radially outer surface of the coil is a barrier structure which runs around at least part of the circumference and extends at least over the axial length of the coil, said barrier structure comprising at least one layer of strips (16) of an insulating material and at least one barrier wall (18) supported radially thereby, wherein the radially outermost barrier wall (18) comprises an electric shield (20, 42, 58, 60, 62). The invention also relates to a dry-type transformer, comprising a transformer core having at least two core legs, wherein there is arranged around each of the at least two core legs (26) a dry-type transformer coil (10, 32, 34, 36, 52, 54, 56) according to the invention, the respective electric shield (20, 42, 58, 60, 62) of which is connected to ground potential (24, 44, 64).
The heat exchanger comprises a housing (100) with two heat exchange units (160, 180) comprising air channels (161, 162, 181, 182) extending between side walls of the housing (100). The housing (100) comprises a middle section (170) situated between the heat exchange units (160, 180) and two end sections (150, 190) situated at opposite ends of the housing (100). A side duct (130, 140) with an upper compartment (131, 141 ) and a lower compartment (132, 142) is situated at each side of the housing (100). Each side duct (130, 140) comprises an inlet opening (135, 145) at a first end of the side duct (130, 140) in one of the compartments (131, 132, 141, 142) and an outlet opening (136, 146) at a second opposite end of the corresponding compartment (131, 132, 141, 142) in the opposite side duct (130, 140).
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
97.
DOUBLE-STAGE INVERTER APPARATUS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF
A double-stage inverter apparatus for energy conversion systems (fig.1) and control method thereof, adapted to manage the operations of the on-board booster module so as to optimize the overall electrical efficiency of the system. Furthermore, the method according to the present invention allows the operations of said double-stage inverter to be managed when there is only one input channel, when there are multiple input channels called to operate both in parallel and also when there are multiple input channels called to operate independently from each other.
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
98.
SINGLE-LOCK OPERATOR DEVICE FOR AN OUTDOOR SWITCHGEAR AND SWITCHGEAR
The invention relates to a single-lock operator device for an outdoor switchgear and a switchgear, in particular a medium voltage switchgear, with an automated single locking mechanism comprising a housing (1, 2) with a spring-loaded locking arrangement and a pivotable actuator (17) working together with said switchgear and comprising at least one adjusting lever (15, 16) movable or pivotable at least from a first final adjusting position to a second final adjusting position and vice versa, preferably two levers (15, 16) firmly interconnected are provided, wherein the spring-loaded locking arrangement comprises a pivotable spring-loaded first shaft (8) and a pivotable spring-loaded second shaft (10) being spaced apart and extending substantially parallel to one another, and wherein the first shaft (8) comprises a locking bolt (3) fixed permanently to the first shaft to lock the actuator (17) and/or the adjusting lever (15, 16) and wherein the locking bolt (3) comprises a recess (3A) for the engagement of a clamp (5) and wherein the first-shaft (8) at its distal end comprises a key insertion (9) and is pivotable at least from a first locking end position to a second locking end position and vice versa, and wherein the second shaft (10) comprises a release lever (4) with a clamp (5), wherein the release lever (4) is permanently fixed to the second shaft (10), and wherein in the second locking position the actuator (17) is unlocked and the clamp (5) of the release lever (4) is automatically engaged or meshed with the recess (3A) of the locking bolt (3) and interlocks the locking bolt (3) and when the at least one adjusting lever (15, 16) of the actuator (17) is moved or pivoted to a final adjusting position, the release lever (4) automatically releases the locking bolt (3) and in the final adjusting position the locking bolt (3) automatically locks the actuator (17) when the final adjusting position is reached.
A module (10) for a semiconductor switch (16) comprises a circuit board (12), a semiconductor switch (16) carried by the circuit board (12), wherein the semiconductor switch (16) has a disc-like shape with two opposite faces (18) and a border (20), which provides a gate contact area (24) to a gate of the semiconductor switch (16), a gate unit (22) with circuitry carried by the circuit board (12), wherein the gate unit (22) is adapted for controlling the gate of the semiconductor switch (16) with at least one output (38) to be connected to the gate, and a gate layer (26) provided on the circuit board (12) and electrically interconnecting the gate contact area (24) on the border (20) of the semiconductor switch (16) with the at least one output (38) of the gate unit (22). The gate layer (26) is divided in at least two slices (26a, 26b) laying side by side on the circuit board (12) and providing at least two paths for an electrical current between the gate contact area (24) and the gate unit (22).The at least two slices (26a, 26b) contact the at least one output (38) of the gate unit (22) with lateral contact sections (32a, 32b) that are aligned on the circuit board (12) on one side of the semiconductor switch (16).Moreover, a method for switching a semiconductor switch (16) of a module (10)is mentioned.
H01L 25/18 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of the same subclass of , , , , or
H03K 17/12 - Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched current
H03K 17/51 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components
100.
CONTROL METHOD FOR ELECTRICAL CONVERTER WITH LC FILTER
An electrical converter (12) is interconnected via a filter (14) with an electrical load (16) or an electrical power source (20). A method for controlling the converter (12) comprises the steps of: receiving a reference flux (ψ*i) for the electrical converter (12); determining output signals (y) comprising currents and/or voltages measured in the filter (14); determining an estimated flux (ψi) from the output signals (y); determining a corrective flux (ψi,damp) from the output signals (y) based on a mathematical model of the filter (14) and a quadratic cost function; determining control input signals (u) for the electrical converter (12) based on a sum of the estimated flux (ψi) and the corrective flux (ψi,damp); controlling the converter (12) with the control input signals (u); and algorithmic filtering of at least one of the output signals (y) by applying a signal filter (32) to the at least one output signal, which is designed for amplifying the at least one output signal at a resonance frequency (40) of the filter (14), whereby the corrective flux (ψi,damp) is determined from the filtered output signals.
patents
