Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having from greater than 9 to less than 12.5 denier per filament and from 20,000 to 40,000 total denier, for use in smoking devices, including aerosol-generating devices such as an electrically heated cigarette.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cellulose ester. The cellulose ester may be formed into tow for use in cigarette filters or into articles, such as molded articles. A basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof is included in the cellulose ester in order to degrade the cellulose ester.
Disclosed are packaged fibrous material bales and methods for packaging fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate tow bales. The packaged fibrous material bale may comprise a compressed fibrous material enclosed in packaging. The packaging may comprise an upper sheet and a lower sheet comprising a tab. After the residual forces in the packaged bale have equilibrated following pressing, greater than 99% of the surface area of the bale is enclosed by the packaging.
B65D 71/04 - Arrangements of flexible binders with protecting or supporting elements arranged between binder and articles or materials, e.g. for preventing chafing of binder
B65D 85/07 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
4.
PACKAGED FIBROUS MATERIAL BALES COMPRISING LOWER SHEET
Disclosed are packaged fibrous material bales and methods for packaging fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate tow bales. The packaged fibrous material bale may comprise a compressed fibrous material enclosed in packaging. The packaging may comprise an upper sheet and a lower sheet comprising a tab. After the residual forces in the packaged bale have equilibrated following pressing, greater than 99% of the surface area of the bale is enclosed by the packaging.
B65D 85/07 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
B65B 11/58 - Applying two or more wrappers, e.g. in succession
B65B 63/02 - Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles
5.
PACKAGED FIBROUS MATERIAL BALES COMPRISING LOWER SHEET
Disclosed are packaged fibrous material bales and methods for packaging fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate tow bales. The packaged fibrous material bale may comprise a compressed fibrous material enclosed in packaging. The packaging may comprise an upper sheet and a lower sheet comprising a tab. After the residual forces in the packaged bale have equilibrated following pressing, greater than 99% of the surface area of the bale is enclosed by the packaging.
B65D 85/07 - Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
B65D 71/04 - Arrangements of flexible binders with protecting or supporting elements arranged between binder and articles or materials, e.g. for preventing chafing of binder
6.
DEGRADABLE CELLULOSE ACETATE TOW BAND COMPRISING A FILLER
Disclosed herein is a tow band comprising cellulose acetate and a filler. The filler may be selected to have a degradation rate greater than that of the cellulose acetate. The tow band may be bloomed and formed into a filter rod, which may then be incorporated into a cigarette filter. The tow, tow band, and filter structures described herein degrade more rapidly than other known tow, tow bands, and filter structures.
Disclosed herein is a tow band comprising cellulose acetate and a filler. The filler may be selected to have a degradation rate greater than that of the cellulose acetate. The tow band may be bloomed and formed into a filter rod, which may then be incorporated into a cigarette filter. The tow, tow band, and filter structures described herein degrade more rapidly than other known tow, tow bands, and filter structures.
Disclosed herein is a tow band comprising cellulose acetate and a filler. The filler may be selected to have a degradation rate greater than that of the cellulose acetate. The tow band may be bloomed and formed into a filter rod, which may then be incorporated into a cigarette filter. The tow, tow band, and filter structures described herein degrade more rapidly than other known tow, tow bands, and filter structures.
Disclosed herein is a degradable filter structures and protective coverings including degradable filter structures. The filter structures comprise cellulose acetate and optionally plasticizer. The filter structures and protective coverings described herein degrade more rapidly than other known protective coverings.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cigarette filter comprising a cellulose ester and including a catalyst comprising a basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof. The catalyst, when exposed to water, may deacetylate the bloomed cellulose acetate tow by at least 10% in 20 days or less. The filters described herein therefore degrade more rapidly than other known cellulose acetate tow filters.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cigarette filter comprising a cellulose ester and including a catalyst comprising a basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof. The catalyst, when exposed to water, may deacetylate the bloomed cellulose acetate tow by at least 10% in 20 days or less. The filters described herein therefore degrade more rapidly than other known cellulose acetate tow filters.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cigarette filter comprising a cellulose ester and including a catalyst comprising a basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof. The catalyst, when exposed to water, may deacetylate the bloomed cellulose acetate tow by at least 10% in 20 days or less. The filters described herein therefore degrade more rapidly than other known cellulose acetate tow filters.
Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having from greater than 9 to less than 12.5 denier per filament and from 20,000 to 40,000 total denier, for use in smoking devices, including aerosol-generating devices such as an electrically heated cigarette.
Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having from greater than 9 to less than 12.5 denier per filament and from 20,000 to 40,000 total denier, for use in smoking devices, including aerosol-generating devices such as an electrically heated cigarette.
Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having from greater than 9 to less than 12.5 denier per filament and from 20,000 to 40,000 total denier, for use in smoking devices, including aerosol-generating devices such as an electrically heated cigarette.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cellulose ester. The cellulose ester may be formed into tow for use in cigarette filters or into articles, such as molded articles. A basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof is included in the cellulose ester in order to degrade the cellulose ester.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cellulose ester. The cellulose ester may be formed into tow for use in cigarette filters or into articles, such as molded articles. A basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof is included in the cellulose ester in order to degrade the cellulose ester.
Disclosed herein is a degradable cellulose ester. The cellulose ester may be formed into tow for use in cigarette filters or into articles, such as molded articles. A basic material, an enzymatic material, or combinations thereof is included in the cellulose ester in order to degrade the cellulose ester.
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt.% titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
B01D 39/18 - Other self-supporting filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
G01N 31/16 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
20.
Cellulose acetate tow with high dpf and low titanium dioxide content
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt. % titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
A24D 3/10 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
A24D 3/16 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
A24D 3/06 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
21.
CELLULOSE ACETATE TOW WITH LOW DPF AND LOW TITANIUM DIOXIDE CONTENT
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt.% titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
G01N 31/16 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
22.
CELLULOSE ACETATE TOW WITH HIGH DPF AND LOW TITANIUM DIOXIDE CONTENT
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt.% titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
G01N 31/16 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
23.
Cellulose acetate tow with low DPF and low titanium dioxide content
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt. % titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
G01N 31/00 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods
G01N 31/22 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
Provided herein are cellulose acetate tow bands having less than 0.1 wt.% titanium dioxide, wherein the content of titanium dioxide is measured by ashing and/or by titanium particle count density. Also provided herein is a method of measuring the titanium dioxide content of cellulose acetate tow by ashing. Also provided herein is a method for measuring the color of cellulose acetate tow.
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
G01N 31/16 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroupsApparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
25.
High total denier cellulose acetate tow for hollow filters and non-wrapped filters
Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having at least 3 denier per filament and at least 50,000 total denier, or at least 6 denier per filament and at least 40,000 total denier, for use as hollow filters, non-wrapped filters, or combinations thereof, in smoking devices and aerosol-generating devices, such as an electrically heated cigarette. The cellulose acetate tow may comprise at least 3-6 denier per filament and may have a total denier of at least 50,000 to 100,000. The cellulose acetate tow comprises at least 6-12 denier per filament and may have a total denier of at least 40,000 to 90,000. The hollow filter may comprise a non-wrapped cellulose acetate hollow filter.
Disclosed are cellulose acetate tows, bales, and filter rods having at least 3 denier per filament and at least 50,000 total denier, or at least 6 denier per filament and at least 40,000 total denier, for use as hollow filters, non-wrapped filters, or combinations thereof, in smoking devices and aerosol-generating devices, such as an electrically heated cigarette. The cellulose acetate tow may comprise at least 3-6 denier per filament and may have a total denier of at least 50,000 to 100,000. The cellulose acetate tow comprises at least 6-12 denier per filament and may have a total denier of at least 40,000 to 90,000. The hollow filter may comprise a non-wrapped cellulose acetate hollow filter.
A composition and methods for 3-D printing using cellulose esters are provided. The compositions are 3-D printing compositions comprising at least one cellulose ester, e.g., a cellulose acetate, a solvent and/or a plasticizer, and optionally other additives. The methods comprise introducing the 3-D compositions into a 3-D printing device, extruding the composition in a plurality of layers to produce a 3-D structure, and if a solvent is present evaporating the solvent to produce a 3-D product.
B29C 64/106 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
B29C 64/118 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Disclosed are substrates coated with cellulose acetate and methods of forming the coated substrates. The coated substrate may be oil resistant and water resistant. The coated substrate may be used for food packaging.
Disclosed are substrates coated with cellulose acetate and methods of forming the coated substrates. The coated substrate may be oil resistant and water resistant. The coated substrate may be used for food packaging.
C09D 5/00 - Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects producedFilling pastes
B05D 1/02 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
B05D 1/28 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
An aerosol-generating device including an aerosol-generating article comprising an aerosol-forming substrate, a support element, an aerosol-cooling element, and a mouthpiece. At least one of the aerosol-cooling element and the filter comprise a porous mass comprising from 20 to 100 wt.% binder and from 0 to 80 wt.% active or inactive particles.
Disclosed are cellulose acetate cellulose acetate tow and processes for making cellulose acetate tow having at least 15 denier per filament, e.g., at least 20 denier per filament, or at least 25 denier per filament. The cellulose acetate tows may have total denier of more than 20,500.
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D01F 2/30 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate by the dry spinning process
B65B 27/12 - Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat
Disclosed are cellulose acetate cellulose acetate tow and processes for making cellulose acetate tow having at least 15 denier per filament, e.g., at least 20 denier per filament, or at least 25 denier per filament. The cellulose acetate tows may have total denier of more than 20,500.
A cellulose acetate wood filler composition comprises a binder composition and a filler. The binder compositions comprise cellulose acetate, a plasticizer, and at least one organic solvent. The binder compositions may be substantially free, e.g., free of tackifiers. The wood filler compositions may be used in a method of filling a cavity in a substrate. The method comprises applying the wood filler composition to an inner surface of the substrate.
A cellulose acetate lacquer composition comprises a film forming composition and a diluent. The film forming compositions comprise cellulose acetate, a plasticizer, a secondary film former, and at least one organic solvent. The lacquer compositions may be used in a method of providing a finish or protective cover on at least a portion of a substrate. The method comprises applying the lacquer composition to an inner or exterior surface of the substrate.
A cellulose acetate wood filler composition comprises a binder composition and a filler. The binder compositions comprise cellulose acetate, a plasticizer, and at least one organic solvent. The binder compositions may be substantially free, e.g., free of tackifiers. The wood filler compositions may be used in a method of filling a cavity in a substrate. The method comprises applying the wood filler composition to an inner surface of the substrate.
Disclosed are methods for packaging fibrous materials such as cellulose acetate tow bales. The method may comprise placed a fibrous material between an upper sheet and a lower sheet, folding the upper and lower sheets around the fibrous material, and connecting the upper sheet and lower sheet with a tape, such as a pressure sensitive adhesive tape.
B65B 11/48 - Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, by folding a wrapper, e.g. a pocketed wrapper, and securing its opposed free margins to enclose contents
B65B 27/12 - Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat
B65B 63/02 - Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles
B65B 11/58 - Applying two or more wrappers, e.g. in succession
37.
Products of high denier per filament and low total denier tow bands
A method for forming a filter rod may include providing a bale of crimped tow band having about 10 denier per filament or greater and about 20,000 total denier or less, the crimped tow band comprising a plurality of cellulose acetate filaments; and placing the crimped tow band in an apparatus so as to form a filter rod.
A24D 3/06 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
D02G 1/00 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
D02G 1/14 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members
Modified feeding trays for use in the production of segmented filters may be advantageous when handling filter rods that are porous masses. A modified feeding tray may include a rectangular bottom; opposing first and second sidewalls coupled to corresponding first and second edges of the rectangular bottom; a third sidewall coupled to a third edge of the rectangular bottom and extending between the first and second sidewalls; and a shelf extending between the first and second sidewalls at an intermediate location along a length of each of the first and second sidewalls and thereby defining an open compartment formed by the first and second sidewalls, the shelf, and the bottom, and a closed compartment defined by the first, second, and third sidewalls, the shelf, and the bottom. In some instances, the shelf may be repositionable within the modified feeding tray
A47B 57/44 - Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of detachable shelf supports consisting of screwbolts as connecting members
A47B 47/03 - Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements made of metal only with panels separate from the frame
A47B 47/00 - Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features related to dismountability or building-up from elements
A47B 57/18 - Cabinets, racks or shelf units, characterised by features for adjusting shelves or partitions with means for adjusting the height of the shelves consisting of screwbolts as connecting members
A nonwoven material has a plurality of randomly oriented and bulked crimped filaments, a plurality of point bonds interconnecting said crimped filaments into a fixed, 3-dimensional structure, and either a surface portion of said fixed, 3-dimensional structure having a greater density than an inner portion of said 3-dimensional structure or an external surface of said fixed, 3-dimensional structure being substantially free of any protruding filaments. The nonwoven material is made by: bulking a filament tow, fixing the bulked tow into a 3-dimensional structure, and calendering the 3-dimensional structure.
D04H 3/08 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
D04H 3/14 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
D04H 3/04 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
D01D 11/02 - Opening bundles to space the threads or filaments from one another
D04H 1/00 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
D04H 3/12 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
40.
Methods of preparing polysaccharide sheets for esterification
Processing of cellulose, and more particularly, fiber opening and downstream processing and chemistry are provided. A process includes moistening a cellulose sheet stock to a water content in a range from about 20% to about 50%, attriting the moistened cellulose sheet to a wet pulp, flash drying the wet pulp to a floccule of cellulose having a moisture content from about 4% to about 8%, and esterifying the floccule of cellulose to provide a cellulose ester product.
D21H 17/18 - Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with itself, or other added substances
41.
Methods for producing nonwoven materials from continuous tow bands
A system may include a plurality of tow band processing lines and a master air jet in communication with the tow band processing lines to receive a plurality of processed tow bands from the tow band processing lines to form a bulked web. The system may be used to form a bulked web that itself is a nonwoven material or that may be further processed into a nonwoven material.
D01F 1/02 - Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
D02G 3/24 - Bulked yarns or threads, e.g. formed from staple fibre components with different relaxation characteristics
D04H 3/02 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
42.
Products of high denier per filament and low total denier tow bands
A method for forming a filter rod may include providing a bale of crimped tow band having about 10 denier per filament or greater and about 20,000 total denier or less, the crimped tow band comprising a plurality of cellulose acetate filaments; and placing the crimped tow band in an apparatus so as to form a filter rod.
A24D 3/06 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
A24D 3/04 - Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
D02G 1/00 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
D02G 1/14 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members
The present invention is to a process for reducing and removing organic phosphorus acid from waste stream. The process involves adding a multivalent metal salt to the waste stream and adjusting the pH level of the waste stream to an optimum level to maximize the removal of organic phosphorus acid.
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
A degradable cigarette filter includes a filter element of a bloomed cellulose acetate tow and a plug wrap surrounding the filter element, and a pill dispersed in the tow. The pill includes a material adapted to catalyze hydrolysis of the cellulose acetate tow that is encapsulated with an inner layer of a water soluble or water permeable material and an outer layer of a cellulose acetate having a D.S. in the range of 2.0-2.6.
A tobacco smoking device comprises a porous mass of active particles adapted to enhance a tobacco smoke flowing over said active particles and binder particles. The active particles comprises about 1-99% weight of the porous mass, and the binder particles comprises about 1-99% weight of said porous mass. The active particles and said binder particles are bound together at randomly distributed points throughout the porous mass. The active particles have a greater particle size than the binder particles.
A24D 3/12 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of ion exchange materials
A24D 3/06 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
A24D 3/08 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
A24D 3/16 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
D04H 1/407 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing absorbing substances, e.g. activated carbon
A24D 3/14 - Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
A degradable cigarette filter includes a filter element of a bloomed cellulose acetate tow, a plug wrap surrounding the filter element, and either a coating or a pill in contact with the tow. The coating and/or pill may be composed of a material adapted to catalyze hydrolysis of the cellulose acetate tow and a water-soluble matrix material. The material may be an acid, an acid salt, a base, and/or a bacterium adapted to generate an acid. The coating may be applied to the tow, the plug wrap, or both. The pill may be placed in the filter element. When water contacts the water-soluble matrix material, the material adapted to catalyze hydrolysis is released and catalyzes the hydrolysis, and subsequent degradation, of the cellulose acetate tow. The foregoing is also applicable to articles made of cellulose esters.
A method for baling a cellulose acetate tow is disclosed. The method includes the following steps: laying the cellulose acetate tow into a can; pressing the laid tow with a press having a first platen and a second platen, each platen facing each other, each platen having a contoured face, the contoured face having at least three sloped portions, a first sloped portion located adjacent a peripheral edge of the platen having a first slope, a second sloped portion located adjacent the first sloped portion having a second slope, and a third sloped portion located adjacent the second sloped portion having a third slope, wherein the first slope is greater that the second slope, and the second slope is greater that the third slope; and packaging and securing the pressed tow; whereby the pressed tow having substantially flat surfaces.
A nonwoven material has a plurality of randomly oriented and bulked crimped filaments, a plurality of point bonds interconnecting said crimped filaments into a fixed, 3-dimensional structure, and either a surface portion of said fixed, 3-dimensional structure having a greater density than an inner portion of said 3-dimensional structure or an external surface of said fixed, 3-dimensional structure being substantially free of any protruding filaments. The nonwoven material is made by: bulking a filament tow, fixing the bulked tow into a 3-dimensional structure, and calendering the 3-dimensional structure.
D04H 3/02 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
D04H 3/05 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in another pattern, e.g. zig-zag, sinusoidal
D04H 3/14 - Non woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
D04H 5/06 - Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
A method for baling a cellulose acetate tow is disclosed. The method includes the following steps: laying the cellulose acetate tow into a can; pressing the laid tow with a press having a first platen and a second platen, each platen facing each other, each platen having a contoured face, the contoured face having at least three sloped portions, a first sloped portion located adjacent a peripheral edge of the platen having a first slope, a second sloped portion located adjacent the first sloped portion having a second slope, and a third sloped portion located adjacent the second sloped portion having a third slope, wherein the first slope is greater that the second slope, and the second slope is greater that the third slope; and packaging and securing the pressed tow; whereby the pressed tow having substantially flat surfaces.
Starch esters are made by: reacting a starch with an esterifying agent in the presence of a catalyst in a solvent for the starch ester, the esterifying agent including a mixture of at least two esterifying agents; or pre-treating a starch in a bath being free of an esterifying agent, and reacting the pre-treated starch with an esterifying agent in the presence of a catalyst. Articles are made by blending cellulose ester and starch ester, may be cross-linked, and may include internal plasticizers.
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
C08F 251/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
C08F 251/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
The instant invention is a stuffer box crimper and a method for crimping. The stuffer box crimper according to instant invention includes a pair of nip rollers, a pair of doctor blades, and a stuffer box. The pair of doctor blades is adjacent to an exit end of the pair of nip rollers. The stuffer box includes a stuffer box channel adjacent to the pair of doctor blades, and the stuffer box channel includes a surface consisting of a hard material having a hardness of at least 60 Rc. The method of crimping according to instant invention includes the steps of (1) providing a stuffer box crimper including a stuffer box having a stuffer box channel including a surface consisting of a hard material having a hardness of at least 60 Rc; and (2) crimping via the stuffer box crimper.
3. The method for producing a fiber bale according to instant invention includes the following steps: (1) providing a press for producing a highly compressed hexahedral fibrous material comprising at least one convex bale platen; (2) filling the press with the fibrous material; (3) pressing the fibrous material via the press; (4) thereby forming the highly compressed hexahedral fibrous material; (5) packaging the highly compressed hexahedral fibrous material with a wrapping material; and (6) securing the wrapping material thereby producing the fiber bale.
An apparatus for opening a crimped multifilament tow comprising: a source of crimped multifilament tow; at least one pair of opposed gripping rollers comprising a first roller which is a metal roller and a second roller which is a smooth-surfaced roller made of a material selected from the group consisting of: polyurethane or silicone rubber; where the multifilament tow passes between and in contact with both of the rollers and filaments of the tow are separated from one another and opened.
In the manufacture of a fiber tow, particularly cellulose acetate tow, a stuffer box crimper has one roller adapted to induce crimp into the tow. This roller induces crimp by preferentially weakening a portion of the tow. This roller has an axially grooved surface. This roller may be located in the stuffer box crimper or before the stuffer box crimper.
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
In the manufacture of a fiber tow, particularly cellulose acetate tow, the tow is plasticized prior to entry into the crimper. The preferred plasticizer is water.
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
In the manufacture of a fiber tow, particularly cellulose acetate tow, a stuffer box crimper has a pair of tow edge lubricators adapted to lubricate the lateral edges of the tow immediately prior to contact with the nip rollers of the crimper.
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
In the manufacture of a fiber tow, particularly cellulose acetate tow, a stuffer box crimper has a pair of nip rollers, at least one, made of a solid ceramic material.
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
D06M 13/188 - Monocarboxylic acidsAnhydrides, halides or salts thereof
In the manufacture of a fiber tow, particularly cellulose acetate tow, a stuffer box crimper has a steam injector in communication with the stuffer channel of the crimper. The steam injector consists of a single pair of injectors vertically aligned with one another above and below the stuffer channel of the crimper.
D01D 5/22 - Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structureFormation of filaments, threads, or the like with a special structure to simulate wool
D01F 2/28 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
D02G 1/12 - Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
Goods & Services
(1) Computer program for use in the design of cigarette filters.
(2) Computer program instructional manuals for use in the design of cigarette filters.
