Abstract

The invention relates to a mixing system comprising an outer tube (2); an inner tube (3); an annular gap (1); and a first annular diaphragm (5), wherein a first fluid can flow through the inner tube (3); a second fluid can flow through the annular gap (1); the first annular diaphragm (5) closes the annular gap (1) at the end corresponding to the end of a flow of the second fluid through the annular gap (1); the first annular diaphragm (5) is mounted so as to be connected to the outer tube (2); the first annular diaphragm (5) has a plurality of openings (5a); the outer tube (2) is shorter than the inner tube (3); the outer tube (2) is equipped with a connection (4) which is fluidically connected to the annular gap (1); and a second annular diaphragm (8) closes off the annular gap (1) at the end.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 25/313 - Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
• B01F 25/431 - Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure dropBaffles therefor
• B01F 33/81 - Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles

Abstract

A burner includes a hot gas zone and an outer zone, a primary air feed line, a secondary air feed line, and a fuel feed line. The secondary air feed line includes three concentric cylindrical tubes. The fuel feed line is arranged concentrically around the secondary air feed line. A first dead volume exists inside the burner between the secondary air feed line and the fuel feed line. The fuel feed line has a nozzle construction on the hot gas side. A second dead volume is arranged between the secondary air feed line and the fuel feed line on the outer side zone. The primary air feed line is arranged concentrically around the fuel feed line.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23L 9/06 - Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air into the fire bed
• F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
• F23K 5/00 - Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a burner, comprising a lateral hot gas region (21) and an outer region (22), a feed line for primary air (3), a feed line for secondary air (1), and a feed line for fuel (2), wherein the feed line for secondary air (1) comprises three concentric cylindrical tubes, and the feed line for fuel (2) is arranged concentrically around the feed line for secondary air (1); wherein there is a first dead volume (4) within the burner between the feed line for secondary air (1) and the feed line for fuel (2), and wherein the feed line for fuel (2) has a nozzle structure (5) on the hot gas side (21); a second dead volume (9) is located between the feed line for secondary air (1) and the feed line for fuel (2) on the side of the outer region (22); and the feed line for primary air (3) is arranged concentrically around the feed line for fuel (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated hydrometallurgical method for processing metal-containing feedstock, which comprises the following steps: a) dissolving metal-containing feedstock in aqueous hydrochloric acid; b) separating the insoluble constituents; c) introducing dry gaseous HCl; d) filtering off the solid matter; d1) cooling the filtrate from step d) to approximately room temperature; d2) introducing dry gaseous HCl; d3) filtering the solution from step d2); d4) dissolving the solid from step d3) in water and spray-roasting at temperatures of 400 to 900°C; d5) introducing SO3 into the filtrate from step d3); d6) filtering the solution from step d5); d7) heating the filtration residue from d6) to 500-1100°C; d8) adding aqueous hydrochloric acid to the product of d7); d9) filtering off CaSO4; d10) hydrolyzing the FeCl3 obtained in the filtrate from step d9); d11) filtering off Fe2O3 and washing with water; e) heating the solid matter from step d) to 200-300°C; f) cooling the solid mixture to approximately room temperature; optionally g) separating LiCl by washing with ethanol and obtaining LiCl; h) separating NaCl and KCl and, if step g) has not been carried out, LiCl by washing with water and subsequently obtaining NaCl, KCl and LiCl; and j) heating the amorphous Al2O3 and/or the solid matter from step i) to 1200-1400°C and obtaining α-Al2O3.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 3/10 - Hydrochloric acid