An apparatus and process for argon recovery can be configured so that an argon-enriched stream including oxygen therein can be recycled to a column for air separation and subsequent argon separation to provide improved argon recovery with reduced power. The recycling of this argon-enriched stream can be provided such that there is sufficient nitrogen within the column to facilitate separation of argon from oxygen within the column so additional argon that can be provided via the recycling can be separated and purified instead of being output as a waste stream or otherwise lost.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
A method comprising partially condensing and separating a feed stream comprising helium and hydrogen to produce a first medium-pressure vapor stream and a first medium-pressure liquid stream; reducing the pressure of the first medium-pressure liquid stream or a stream derived from the first medium-pressure liquid stream to produce a low-pressure vapor stream and a low-pressure liquid stream; cooling the first medium-pressure vapor stream by indirect heat exchange against the low-pressure liquid stream to produce a first partially condensed medium-pressure stream; and separating the first partially condensed medium-pressure stream to produce a second medium-pressure vapor stream and a second medium-pressure liquid stream.
A method of operating a hydrogen supply network responsive to carbon intensity (CI) requirements comprising: determining the CI for hydrogen produced at the hydrogen production facilities; determining a network flow solution for the hydrogen supply network, the network flow solution defining a network solution space specifying a range of values for production rates of the hydrogen production facilities and a range of values of delivery rates for the hydrogen delivery points which satisfy predefined operational constraints of the hydrogen supply network; allocating production rates from the hydrogen production facilities to each of the plurality of delivery points based on predetermined criteria associated with the delivery points to define an allocation mapping for the hydrogen supply network; generating control variables for controlling the production rates of each of the hydrogen production facilities; and controlling the hydrogen production facilities in accordance with the determined control variables.
G05B 19/4155 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by programme execution, i.e. part programme or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a programme
4.
System and Method for Combusting High-Moisture Fuel to Generate Steam
A process for combusting a high-moisture fuel to generate steam in which the high-moisture solid fuel is first dried by contacting with an oxygen-depleted gas stream while being heated by indirect heat exchange with a recirculating thermal fluid. The dried fuel is then combusted with a combustion air stream to produce a combustion products stream whose heat first is used to generate steam, and then to preheat the combustion air stream by indirect heat exchange in which a portion of the combustion air stream and/or a portion of the combustion products stream bypasses the heat exchanger. The combustion products stream also provides heat to dry the solid fuel via the recirculating thermal fluid.
A method comprising: heating a refractory surface in a combustion chamber to produce a heated refractory surface; contacting a stream comprising ammonia with the heated refractory surface to dissociate at least a portion of the ammonia to form nitrogen and hydrogen and produce an at least partially dissociated ammonia stream; and combusting the at least partially dissociated ammonia stream with a primary oxidant to produce an at least partially combusted ammonia stream.
A method of operating a hydrogen production facility to meet carbon intensity (CI) requirements, the method comprising: receiving operational parameter data from the hydrogen production facility, the operational parameter data being representative of measured and/or determined time-dependent values of operational parameters of the hydrogen production facility; processing the operational parameter data to define one or more linear terms, wherein the linear terms are linear with respect to one or more CI reference models; generating, from the linear terms, control system CI values representative of the CI of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production facility; generating control variables for controlling one or more operational parameters of the hydrogen production facility; and controlling the hydrogen production facility in accordance with the determined control variables.
In a process in which ammonia is cracked to form a hydrogen gas product and an offgas comprising nitrogen gas, residual hydrogen gas and residual ammonia gas, residual ammonia is recovered from the offgas from the hydrogen recovery process by partial condensation and phase separation, and hydrogen is recovered from the resultant ammonia-lean offgas by partial condensation and phase separation. The recovered ammonia may be recycled the cracking process and the recovered hydrogen may be recycled to the hydrogen recovery process to improve hydrogen recovery from the cracked gas. Overall hydrogen recovery from the ammonia may thereby be increased to over 99%.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
8.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PROVIDING NITROGEN AND OXYGEN
An apparatus and process for providing nitrogen and oxygen can include a multicolumn tower that includes a lower pressure column (LP) positioned in alignment with an intermediate pressure (MP) column. At least one of these columns and at least one higher pressure (HP) column can receive air from a feed intake system. Embodiments can be adapted so that the diameter of the LP and MP columns are similar, if not the same so that the columns can be aligned with each other in the tower. Embodiments can be adapted to allow for high purity nitrogen recovery from at least one HP column while also obtaining at least one oxygen stream from the LP column with equipment that has an overall lower height, or length, that can be easier to fabricate and install.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
9.
METHOD AND APARATUS FOR DIRECT ENERGY DEPOSITION OF METAL
A method for direct energy deposition comprising: (f) moving a tool head and/or a metal structure one relative to the other so that the tool head moves relative to the metal structure in an advance direction on a deposition path along the metal structure; (g) directing energy to an energy input location of the metal structure to create a melt-pool that moves in the advance direction along the deposition path; (h) supplying a feedstock metal from the tool head in a discharge direction directed toward the advancing melt-pool to deposit a new layer of metal on the structure; and (i) directing one or more cryogenic coolant jets of cryogenic fluid with a directional component counter to the advance direction towards the new layer so that the cryogenic fluid impinges on the new layer in a coolant impingement region trailing the melt-pool in the advance direction.
An apparatus and process for drying a product gas for feeding the gas to a downstream user so that product gas can be dried to remove water from the gas that may be absorbed or adsorbed during an initial start-up phase of the product gas production and/or delivery (e.g. from conduits that may have been exposed to water during installation) so the product gas can be passed downstream to the user instead of being vented. Some embodiments can be configured to utilize a removable, mobile water redistribution device that can be transported to a new site after an initial start-up phase of product gas delivery is completed and the product gas providing conduit arrangement has been dried via operation for an initial start-up period of time.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/28 - Selection of materials for use as drying agents
e.g.e.g., methane or hydrogen, by separating the gaseous mixture into a carbon dioxide-enriched gas and a second gas-enriched fluid, compressing the carbon dioxide-enriched gas, cooling and partially condensing the compressed gas, phase separating the partially condensed fluid, reducing the pressure of the crude carbon dioxide liquid and distilling the reduced pressure liquid to produce liquid carbon dioxide product. Costs may be reduced and efficiency improved by using the vaporous products from the phase separation and distillation to help cool and partially condense the compressed gas.
Liquid carbon dioxide is produced from a gaseous mixture comprising carbon dioxide and methane by separating the gaseous mixture into a carbon dioxide-enriched gas and a methane-enriched gas, compressing the carbon dioxide-enriched gas, cooling and partially condensing the compressed gas, phase separating the partially condensed fluid, reducing the pressure of the crude carbon dioxide liquid and distilling the reduced pressure liquid to produce liquid carbon dioxide product. Costs are reduced and efficiency improved by using the vaporous products from the phase separation and distillation to help cool and partially condense the compressed gas.
Disclosed herein are membrane-based gas separation methods and systems. The methods and systems may, in particular, be used for separating a feed stream comprising methane and carbon dioxide (such as for example a biogas feed stream) in order to provide a methane product stream (such as for example a biomethane stream).
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
14.
4-Stage Membrane Process with Sweep for Biogas Upgrading
Disclosed herein are membrane-based gas separation methods and systems. The methods and systems may, in particular, be used for separating a feed stream comprising methane and carbon dioxide (such as for example a biogas feed stream) in order to provide a methane product stream (such as for example a biomethane stream).
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
15.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION PURIFICATION FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION VIA ELECTROLYSIS
An apparatus and process for electrolyte purification can be configured to remove iron from a solution to purify an electrolyte solution for feeding to one or more electrolyzers for use in producing hydrogen from water via electrolysis. Embodiments can utilize a reactor having an iron removing agent positioned therein such that the electrolyte solution can be passed through a vessel of the reactor for removal of iron. Other embodiments can include inclusion of an iron removing agent in a tank being agitated with water and electrolytic material (e.g. KOH material) for forming the electrolyte solution and subsequently filtering out iron containing materials included in the formed solution via the iron removing agent. Embodiments can be configured to provide an electrolyte solution having a pre-selected iron concentration to help prevent fouling of electrodes utilized in electrolysis processing.
A method for treating a water stream comprising reacting a carbonaceous feedstock with oxygen in a reactor section of a gasifier to produce a syngas stream; contacting the syngas stream with water in a quench section of the gasifier to produce a quenched syngas stream and a water bath; withdrawing a black water stream from the water bath; removing solids from at least a portion of the black water stream to produce a solids-depleted stream; and recycling at least a portion of the solids-depleted stream to the quench section.
A burner comprising a first channel surrounding a centerline and terminating in a first tip; a second channel surrounding the first channel and terminating in a second tip, the second channel comprising a convergent conical section forming a first angle with respect to the centerline; a third channel surrounding the second channel and terminating in a third tip, the third channel comprising a convergent conical section forming a second angle with respect to the centerline;wherein the third tip comprises one or more slots.
An apparatus for nitrogen generation for methanol powered maritime vehicles can include a compression system for compressing air and feeding compressed air to a separation unit for separation of nitrogen and oxygen from the compressed air. The nitrogen can be output from the separation unit for storage at an elevated pre-selected pressure suitable for feeding to a methanol engine of a maritime vehicle (e.g. a ship) for use in purging, leak testing, inerting, or other uses. Embodiments can be configured so there is no heat exchanger or booster compressor positioned between the separation unit and the nitrogen storage unit.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B63H 21/38 - Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
C01B 21/04 - Purification or separation of nitrogen
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
F02M 37/00 - Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatusArrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
19.
REDUCING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN NITROGEN PRODUCTION USING A TURBOEXPANDER
An air separation system using a membrane separation unit to produce a nitrogen-enriched product stream from a feed air stream is described herein. A nitrogen-enriched non-permeate stream is expanded in a turboexpander and the energy recovered during expansion is used to further compress the feed air stream prior to membrane separation. Expanded nitrogen-enriched non-permeate stream is also used to cool the compressed feed air upstream from membrane separation.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
20.
Apparatus and Method for Nitrogen Generation for Methanol Powered Maritime Vehicle
An apparatus for nitrogen generation for methanol powered maritime vehicles can include a compression system for compressing air and feeding compressed air to a separation unit for separation of nitrogen and oxygen from the compressed air. The nitrogen can be output from the separation unit for storage at an elevated pre-selected pressure suitable for feeding to a methanol engine of a maritime vehicle (e.g. a ship) for use in purging, leak testing, inerting, or other uses. Embodiments can be configured so there is no heat exchanger or booster compressor positioned between the separation unit and the nitrogen storage unit.
An air separation system using a membrane separation unit to produce a nitrogen-enriched product stream from a feed air stream is described herein. A nitrogen-enriched non-permeate stream is expanded in a turboexpander and the energy recovered during expansion is used to further compress the feed air stream prior to membrane separation. Expanded nitrogen-enriched non-permeate stream is also used to cool the compressed feed air upstream from membrane separation.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
C01B 21/04 - Purification or separation of nitrogen
Disclosed herein are methods and systems for storing and withdrawing a light gas such as helium or hydrogen in an underground formation. The method includes pumping a cryogenic liquid stream to produce a pumped liquid stream, and vaporizing the pumped liquid stream to produce a first-high pressure gas steam. The method further includes feeding the first high-pressure gas stream to a gas storage cavern.
An apparatus and process for cooling a pressurized gas for feeding to one or more vehicle fuel tanks for fueling a vehicle can be configured so that a pressurized gas (e.g. hydrogen or natural gas) for fueling one or more vehicles can be cooled prior to dispensing via a heat transfer fluid that cools the pressurized gas and transfers the heat of the pressurized gas toward fluid of a heat sink source. The transfer of the heat to the heat sink source fluid can occur via a refrigerant in some embodiments.
Adsorbent material for use in pressure swing adsorption (PSA) related processing can provide improved purification processing with reduced temperature differentials between adsorption and desorption processing of the bed of adsorbent material. Embodiments can be configured so that adsorbent material has occluded micropores or macropores. The occlusion of the micropores or macropores can be up to 42% of the micropores the adsorbent material in some embodiments. At least one metal acetate can be utilized for the occlusion of the micropores or macropores. Utilization of the adsorbent material having occluded micropores or macropores was surprisingly found to increase the yield for purification of a product gas in spite of the occlusion of the micropores or macropores.
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01J 20/22 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
26.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR AMMONIA CRACKING CATALYST ACTIVATION
An apparatus and process for the activation of catalyst material utilized in ammonia cracking can include an initial use of hydrogen and heat to perform an initial stage of catalyst activation and a subsequent use of ammonia and heat to perform a subsequent state of catalyst activation. The subsequent use of ammonia can be configured so that different catalytic material at different plant elements are activated in a pre-selected sequence to provide activation of the catalytic material utilized in different plant elements. Some embodiments can be configured to avoid excess temperatures that can be detrimental to equipment that can be positioned upstream of a furnace in some embodiments while also avoiding sintering of the catalytic material.
Disclosed herein are methods and systems for producing a liquefied methane product from a methane- and carbon dioxide-containing feed stream, in which a plurality of membrane stages comprising gas separation membranes that are more permeable to carbon dioxide than methane are used to remove carbon dioxide from the feed and form a retentate stream that is enriched in methane, said retentate stream being then cooled and liquefied to provide the liquefied methane product. In particular, the disclosed methods and systems may be used for producing liquefied biomethane from a biogas feed.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
28.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMBUSTING HIGH-MOISTURE FUEL TO GENERATE STEAM
A process for combusting a high-moisture fuel to generate steam, the process comprising heating a high-moisture solid fuel while contacting the high-moisture solid fuel with an oxygen-depleted gas stream to produce a dried solid fuel and a moist oxygen-depleted gas stream; combusting the dried solid fuel with a combustion air stream to produce a combustion products stream; transferring heat to generate steam by indirect heat exchange with the combustion products stream; dividing the combustion products stream into a first portion and a second portion; transferring heat to the recirculating thermal fluid by indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the combustion products stream; and transferring heat to preheat the combustion air stream by indirect heat exchange with the second portion of the combustion products stream; and recombining the first portion of combustion products stream and the second portion of the combustion products stream.
An adsorption system having at least one adsorber retaining a bed of adsorbent material can be configured to provide enhanced purification of fees having relatively low concentrations of hydrogen or helium. Embodiments can utilize an activated carbon layer between at least one upstream layer and at least one downstream layer. The activate carbon layer can include activated carbon can have a pre-selected surface area (SA), bulk density, total open pore volume (TOPV), and/or ratio of TOPV to surface area (TOPV/SA).
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
30.
ADSORBENT MATERIAL, ADSORPTION SYSTEM, AND ADSORPTION PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN RECOVERY
An adsorption system having at least one adsorber retaining a bed of adsorbent material can be configured to provide enhanced purification of fees having relatively low concentrations of hydrogen or helium. Embodiments can utilize an activated carbon layer between at least one upstream layer and at least one downstream layer. The activate carbon layer can include activated carbon can have a pre-selected surface area (SA), bulk density, total open pore volume (TOPV), and/or ratio of TOPV to surface area (TOPV/SA).
B01J 20/20 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbonSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
31.
ADSORBENT MATERIAL, ADSORPTION SYSTEM, AND ADSORPTION PROCESS
Adsorbent material for use in pressure swing adsorption (PSA) related processing can provide improved purification processing with reduced temperature differentials between adsorption and desorption processing of the bed of adsorbent material. Embodiments can be configured so that adsorbent material has occluded micropores or macropores. The occlusion of the micropores or macropores can be up to 42% of the micropores the adsorbent material in some embodiments. At least one metal acetate can be utilized for the occlusion of the micropores or macropores. Utilization of the adsorbent material having occluded micropores or macropores was surprisingly found to increase the yield for purification of a product gas in spite of the occlusion of the micropores or macropores.
B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxideSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
Disclosed herein are methods and systems for producing a liquefied methane product from a methane- and carbon dioxide-containing feed stream, in which a plurality of membrane stages comprising gas separation membranes that are more permeable to carbon dioxide than methane are used to remove carbon dioxide from the feed and form a retentate stream that is enriched in methane, said retentate stream being then cooled and liquefied to provide the liquefied methane product. In particular, the disclosed methods and systems may be used for producing liquefied biomethane from a biogas feed.
A process for combusting a high-moisture fuel to generate steam, the process comprising heating a high-moisture solid fuel while contacting the high-moisture solid fuel with an oxygen-depleted gas stream to produce a dried solid fuel and a moist oxygen-depleted gas stream; combusting the dried solid fuel with a combustion air stream to produce a combustion products stream; transferring heat to generate steam by indirect heat exchange with the combustion products stream; dividing the combustion products stream into a first portion and a second portion; transferring heat to the recirculating thermal fluid by indirect heat exchange with the first portion of the combustion products stream; and transferring heat to preheat the combustion air stream by indirect heat exchange with the second portion of the combustion products stream; and recombining the first portion of combustion products stream and the second portion of the combustion products stream.
e.g.e.g., consisting of, hopcalite is improved where the hopcalite has a zero-point-of-charge (ZPC) in a range from about 6.9 to about 7.7 and/or an ionic conductivity as a 10 wt % slurry in deionized water of no more than about 500 µS/cm.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
35.
MULTI-WELL PAD STORAGE OF H2 AND/OR NH3 WITH SIMULTANEOUS CO2 SEQUESTRATION
Disclosed herein are systems and methods of gas sequestration of carbon dioxide from a fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant. The method includes producing at least hydrogen and carbon dioxide above ground from a fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant, injecting at least a portion of the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced from the fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant into a geological hydrogen storage unit and a geological carbon dioxide storage unit, respectively, wherein the portion of the carbon dioxide is injected concurrently with the portion of the hydrogen. The injection of the portion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen underground are performed through carbon dioxide injection well(s) and hydrogen injection well(s), respectively, wherein a hydrogen injection wellhead(s) and a carbon dioxide injection wellhead(s) are located on a multi-well pad proximate the fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant.
B65G 5/00 - Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups
C01B 3/22 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
36.
APPARATUSES AND PROCESSES FOR DISTILLATION AND DISTILLATION COLUMN ASSEMBLY
An apparatus and process for distillation column fabrication can include forming multiple distillation column packing units that are positionable in a column to define a single packing section so that multiple columns of packing can be positioned in parallel with each other within a single distillation pressure vessel. Each of these multiple columns can have a pre-selected cross-sectional shape, such as a hexagonal shape, and each packing unit can have the same cross-sectional shape (e.g. hexagonal). Each column can include a riser, or distributor, attached to its upper or top portion. A plurality of outer jigsaw seal elements can be arranged between the outer portion of the columns and the inner wall of the pressure vessel. Each packing unit can include a plurality of layered corrugated sheets that are provided in a pre-selected arrangement to facilitate gas and liquid separation via the packing.
An apparatus and process for distillation column fabrication can include forming multiple distillation column packing units that are positionable in a column to define a single packing section so that multiple columns of packing can be positioned in parallel with each other within a single distillation pressure vessel. Each of these multiple columns can have a pre-selected cross-sectional shape, such as a hexagonal shape, and each packing unit can have the same cross-sectional shape (e.g. hexagonal). Each column can include a riser, or distributor, attached to its upper or top portion. A plurality of outer jigsaw seal elements can be arranged between the outer portion of the columns and the inner wall of the pressure vessel. Each packing unit can include a plurality of layered corrugated sheets that are provided in a pre-selected arrangement to facilitate gas and liquid separation via the packing.
Systems, apparatuses, controllers, and processes that are configured to facilitate controlling visual information provided via a display at a dispenser while a vehicle is being fueled can be adapted so no use of communication protocols is needed for control of the display. For instance, a controller can be connected with a payment terminal having a screen via multiple different physical connections (e.g. wiring for conveying electricity, optical fiber cables, etc.). One or more of these connections can be activated while others are deactivated in an accordance with a pre-defined scheme to indicate to the payment terminal which of a number of different pre-defined display graphics should be displayed during fueling. Embodiments can be adapted so no payment information or other information is shared between a payment processing device and a fuel dispensing controller and no communication protocol is needed for transport of data between such devices.
G05B 19/416 - Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration
Disclosed herein are systems and methods of gas sequestration of carbon dioxide from a fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant. The method includes producing at least hydrogen and carbon dioxide above ground from a fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant, injecting at least a portion of the hydrogen and carbon dioxide produced from the fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant into a geological hydrogen storage unit and a geological carbon dioxide storage unit, respectively, wherein the portion of the carbon dioxide is injected concurrently with the portion of the hydrogen. The injection of the portion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen underground are performed through carbon dioxide injection well(s) and hydrogen injection well(s), respectively, wherein a hydrogen injection wellhead(s) and a carbon dioxide injection wellhead(s) are located on a multi-well pad proximate the fossil-fueled hydrogen production plant.
A nozzle for a pressure vessel can include a lip design that facilitates an improved reduction in stress at a location at which the nozzle can be joined to the vessel. Embodiments can include a contoured annular lip element for attachment to an end of a vessel to position a nozzle within an opening at an end of the vessel for fluidly connecting the vessel to another plant element. The nozzle can include one or more geometries to position a weld for joining the nozzle to the end of the vessel so that the weld is located at a pre-selected location to experience a pre-selected level of stress during operation of the vessel to facilitate use of a vessel having a reduced overall wall thickness to provide a vessel having an overall lower weight and capital cost while also improving the ease with which maintenance can be performed.
A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an inside surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction, and a top face and a bottom face in the vertical direction, wherein the inner, outer, top, and bottom faces define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face, and the outer face.
A coil wound heat exchanger utilizing a deformable support system and method for making a tube bundle for the same includes a mandrel, a first tube layer formed by winding one or more tubes around the mandrel, and a plurality of supports and spacers circumferentially-arranged in an alternating pattern on an outer surface of the first tube layer. A second tube layer is formed by winding one or more tubes around the mandrel, whereby the second tube layer contacts an opposite side of the supports. A deforming force is applied to the second tube layer in a direction normal to the outer surface of each support, which causes the one or more tubes forming the second tube layer to deform the outer support surface of each support.
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
A nozzle for a pressure vessel can include a lip design that facilitates an improved reduction in stress at a location at which the nozzle can be joined to the vessel. Embodiments can include a contoured annular lip element for attachment to an end of a vessel to position a nozzle within an opening at an end of the vessel for fluidly connecting the vessel to another plant element. The nozzle can include one or more geometries to position a weld for joining the nozzle to the end of the vessel so that the weld is located at a pre-selected location to experience a pre-selected level of stress during operation of the vessel to facilitate use of a vessel having a reduced overall wall thickness to provide a vessel having an overall lower weight and capital cost while also improving the ease with which maintenance can be performed.
A gasifier for converting a carbonaceous feedstock to produce syngas comprising a cone section and a throat section; wherein the throat section comprises a throat refractory material having an inside surface and a substantially cylindrical cooling element having an inner face and an outer face in a radial direction, and a top face and a bottom face in the vertical direction, wherein the inner, outer, top, and bottom faces define a cooling cavity; and wherein the cooling element is in thermal contact with the throat refractory material on the inner face, the top face, and the outer face.
A system for exchanging heat comprising a header oriented vertically within a pressure vessel, the header configured to receive a coolant stream from a coolant source or deliver a coolant stream to a coolant sink; one or more platen tubes in fluid flow communication with the header; wherein the one or more platen tubes comprise a vertical section and a non-vertical section; wherein the non-vertical section of the one or more platen tubes is configured to receive the coolant stream from or discharge the coolant stream to the header.
F28D 7/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
An apparatus and process for fog mitigation can be include a mechanism to reduce fog formation and/or condense the fog into water to avoid fog being formed and moving through a site. Embodiments can be configured to utilize at least one fog collection mechanism positioned adjacent a vaporizer utilized to vaporizer a cryogenic liquid so that fog that may form adjacent the vaporizer is removed from air surrounding the vaporizer and prevented from spreading beyond the vaporizer to other areas of a site having the vaporizer (e.g. a hydrogen fueling station, etc.).
An apparatus and process for warming a cryogenic liquid and re-cooling gas for recapture and recovery of that cryogenic gas can include recovery cryogenic gas and storing that gas in at least one storage device to avoid venting such gas to atmosphere. The stored gas can be fed to at least one heat exchanger to vaporize a cryogenic liquid being fed from at least one storage tank for dispending of that cryogenic fluid. The stored cryogenic gas can be cooled as a result of its use as a heating medium for vaporization of the cryogenic liquid and can be subsequently fed to one or more cryogenic liquid storage tanks as a cooled cryogenic gas, partially liquefied fluid that includes cryogenic liquid and cryogenic gas, or a fully liquefied cryogenic liquid for storage and subsequent use.
An apparatus and process for utilization of the cold provided by a cryogenic fluid so that the energy is not lost via exchange with ambient air etc. Embodiments can be configured for utilization of at least one working fluid and/or thermoelectric generation device for use of such energy extractable from a cryogenic fluid to generate electricity for powering one or more elements. Embodiments can also be configured to provide direct cooling. Embodiments can be utilized in various different environments, such as industrial plants, stationary facilities, or mobile devices (e.g. ships, trains, vehicles, etc.).
F01K 25/10 - Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided forPlants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
F02M 21/02 - Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
F02B 43/10 - Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
F17C 13/12 - Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion
A method for corrosion control is disclosed, wherein the method includes limiting all components involved in sulfuric acid formation to low levels. The components include, but may not be limited to oxygen, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and H2S. The method may also include maintaining the H2S level above typical pipeline concentrations to inhibit the reactions to form sulfuric acid in the pipeline.
A computer-implemented method of providing hydrogen having a defined carbon intensity (CI) value to an end user location, the process comprising: selecting a total end-to-end maximum CI value for the hydrogen from production to delivery of the hydrogen to an end user location; receiving one or more feedstocks; receiving product CI values associated with each feedstock and/or the produced hydrogen; receiving demand data defining the end user demand for the hydrogen; receiving renewable power data; defining, in an optimization model, a plurality of constraints; generating, using the optimization model, a control strategy for control of the one or more industrial plants; and controlling the industrial plants in accordance with the values of the control variables to process the one or more feedstocks in order to provide a required quantity of hydrogen meeting the selected total end-to-end maximum CI value for use by an end user.
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
51.
Low temperature membrane process for biogas upgrading
A method for separating a raw feed gas stream utilizes a compressor, a chiller, a membrane drying stage, and a plurality of membrane separation stages. The raw feed gas stream may comprise biogas. In one example, the raw feed gas stream is supplied to the chiller where it is cooled to a target operating temperature to separate out condensed water. The gas stream is then supplied to a membrane drying stage to separate out water vapor. An off-gas from one of the membrane module stages may be recycled as a low pressure sweep gas on the low pressure side of the membrane drying stage to increase the driving force for water permeation within the membrane drying stage. The gas stream is then supplied to the plurality of membrane separation stages where it is upgraded into a high purity methane stream.
A method for corrosion control is disclosed, wherein the method includes limiting all components involved in sulfuric acid formation to low levels. The components include, but may not be limited to oxygen, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides,and H2S. The method may also include maintaining the H2S level above typical pipeline concentrations to inhibit the reactions to form sulfuric acid in the pipeline.
The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed dual-fuel burners with flexibility to change the heat input from the two fuels. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a bummer in both single-fuel, and/or duel-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to methods of operating the burners.
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed dual-fue burners with flexibility to change the heat input from the two fuels. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both single-fuel, and/or duel-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
F23C 1/00 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air
55.
BURNER, METHOD OF OPERATION AND COMBUSTION APPARATUS
Burners having the flexibility to change the heat input from multiple fuels can be configured to facilitate stable flame formation with low nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions. Processes of combustion that can be utilized via one or more burners can provide for improved flame formation that can provide reduced NOx emissions as well. Embodiments can be configured for use in ammonia cracker implementations, reforming applications, metal remelt furnace applications, as well as other furnace applications and/or combustor applications.
F23C 1/12 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
F23C 7/02 - Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
A controller, process, and apparatus can be configured to provide backup electrical power to various equipment used in hydrogen and/or ammonia production in response to a loss of power condition being detected. The loss of power can be due to unavailable power from renewable sources (e.g. cloudy day, non-windy conditions) or due to other power transmission problems. The backup electrical power can be provided in a way that can reduce the carbon intensity associated with the providing of the backup power. The backup power can also be provided to help avoid degradation of equipment that can occur from sudden losses of electrical power. In some embodiments, hydrogen powered turbines, hydrogen fuel cells, biofuel generators, and/or hydrogen powered engines can be utilized for providing the backup power.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
The invention relates to particular burners, and e.g. to a burner comprising a central main fuel lance, a pilot fuel conduit, a main oxidant conduit, an auxiliary oxidant conduit, and optionally a secondary fuel conduit, which are arranged in a particular and advantageous way to surround each other at least in their downstream sections. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners. Among others, the burners of the present invention allow a particularly advantageous way of including a pilot burner as an integral part of the main burner to ignite liquid fuel flame in a cold furnace. If required, the pilot flame can assist in extending the flammability limit or operating range of the liquid fuel burner.
F23D 17/00 - Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
F23C 1/08 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air liquid and gaseous fuel
F23C 7/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
F23G 7/06 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed fuel burners with flexibility to oxygen enrich the burner. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both air-fuel, and/or oxy-fuel and/or air-oxy-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23C 1/00 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air
F23C 7/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed dual-fue burners with flexibility to change the heat input from the two fuels. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both single-fuel, and/or duel-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
F23C 1/00 - Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in air
F23C 3/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
F23C 7/00 - Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
In a reactor comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber, at least one burner and a circular array of catalyst-containing tubes, there is provided a ring baffle on the wall opposite the burner(s) extending into the combustion chamber which redirects combustion gas around the combustion chamber, thereby enabling more even heat distribution and an increase in overall heat transfer.
An apparatus and process for processing of a fluid (e.g. hydrogen) for liquefaction can permit a reduction in power consumption and also an improvement in operational efficiency in flexibility. Embodiments can be configured to account for large variations in feed to be provided for liquefaction and also permit operational cost reductions associated with liquefaction processing so the overall power consumption and operational cost for liquefaction can be greatly reduced while also providing improved operational flexibility. For instance, embodiments can be configured to feed a fluid to multiple liquefiers of a train of liquefiers based on a pre-selected set of feed routing criteria for improving power consumption and providing greater operational flexibility for liquefaction operations.
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
62.
Apparatus and Process for Pre-Liquefaction Fluid Processing for Improved Liquefaction Operations
An apparatus and process for pre-liquefaction processing of a fluid (e.g. hydrogen) can permit a reduction in capital costs and also an improvement in operational efficiency in flexibility. Embodiments can be configured to account for large variations in feed to be provided for liquefaction and also permit capital cost reductions associated with pre-liquefaction processing so the overall capital cost for liquefaction can be greatly reduced while also providing improved operational flexibility. For instance, embodiments can be configured to utilize one or more common pre-liquefaction processing elements to treat a fluid for pre-cooling of a fluid to a pre-selected liquefaction feed temperature.
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
63.
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CARBON INTENSITY MANAGEMENT IN A HYDROGEN SUPPLY NETWORK
A computer-implemented method of providing hydrogen having a defined carbon intensity (CI) value to an end user location, the process comprising: selecting a total end-to-end maximum CI value for the hydrogen from production to delivery of the hydrogen to an end user location; receiving one or more feedstocks; receiving product CI values associated with each feedstock and/or the produced hydrogen; receiving demand data defining the end user demand for the hydrogen; receiving renewable power data; defining, in an optimization model, a plurality of constraints; generating, using the optimization model, a control strategy for control of the one or more industrial plants; and controlling the industrial plants in accordance with the values of the control variables to process the one or more feedstocks in order to provide a required quantity of hydrogen meeting the selected total end-to-end maximum CI value for use by an end user.
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
G06Q 10/0832 - Special goods or special handling procedures, e.g. handling of hazardous or fragile goods
In a reactor comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber, at least one burner and a circular array of catalyst-containing tubes, there is provided a ring baffle on the wall opposite the burner(s) extending into the combustion chamber which redirects combustion gas around the combustion chamber, thereby enabling more even heat distribution and an increase in overall heat transfer.
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
The invention relates to particular burners, and e.g. to a burner comprising a central main fuel lance, a pilot fuel conduit, a main oxidant conduit, an auxiliary oxidant conduit, and optionally a secondary fuel conduit, which are arranged in a particular and advantageous way to surround each other at least in their downstream sections. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners. Among others, the burners of the present invention allow a particularly advantageous way of including a pilot burner as an integral part of the main burner to ignite liquid fuel flame in a cold furnace. If required, the pilot flame can assist in extending the flammability limit or operating range of the liquid fuel burner.
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 17/00 - Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
F23C 6/04 - Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers in series connection
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
The invention relates to particular burners, particularly to non-premixed or partially-premixed fuel burners with flexibility to oxygen enrich the burner. Accordingly, said burners may be used in applications that needs operation of a burner in both air-fuel, and/or oxy-fuel and/or air-oxy-fuel mode depending on furnace operation needs. The invention further relates to furnaces including the burners and methods of operating the burners.
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
67.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR STARTING UP AND SHUTTING DOWN A FEED OF FUEL FOR A TURBINE APPARATUS
An apparatus can be arranged and configured so that after a gas turbine is shut down due to a detected condition, a higher autoignition temperature fuel can be utilized to purge a fuel delivery system and facilitate a quicker restart of the turbine. Embodiments can utilize conduits, valves, and a control system for detection of a fault condition warranting a shut down, purging of a lower autoignition temperature fuel via venting and use of a higher autoignition temperature fuel for purging to facilitate subsequent restarting of the turbine. Embodiments can be configured so an inert gas purge is not needed for venting and purging of the fuel delivery system.
An apparatus can be arranged and configured so that after a gas turbine is shut down due to a detected condition, a higher autoignition temperature fuel can be utilized to purge a fuel delivery system and facilitate a quicker restart of the turbine. Embodiments can utilize conduits, valves, and a control system for detection of a fault condition warranting a shut down, purging of a lower autoignition temperature fuel via venting and use of a higher autoignition temperature fuel for purging to facilitate subsequent restarting of the turbine. Embodiments can be configured so an inert gas purge is not needed for venting and purging of the fuel delivery system.
An apparatus for utilization of cooling water can facilitate an improved and more efficient cooling approach. Embodiments can provide an adjustable cooling temperature for the cooling water to account for an operational state of hydrogen producing equipment, which may transition between fully powered to non-powered statuses based on the availability of renewable power. Embodiments can be provided to help limit the amount of water lost during cooling and costs associated with providing cooling water to equipment when the equipment is operating to produce hydrogen.
F25D 17/02 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluidsArrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
F28C 3/04 - Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media both being liquids
An apparatus and process for oxidant formation can be configured to facilitate improved mixing of for formation of an oxidant. Embodiments can be configured so conduits having a relatively large aspect ratio (e.g., 1.5 to 5 or 1.5 to over 5) can be utilized for improved gas mixing even in situations in which the carrier gas is at a relatively low pressure. Embodiments can also facilitate low nitrogen oxide formation combustion. Some embodiments can additionally provide improved carbon capture.
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
72.
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN APPARATUS FOR STEAM REFORMING AND PROCESS FOR CONTROLLING AN APPARATUS FOR STEAM REFORMING
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
Disclosed are novel processes, based on precipitation, settling, and filtration for the removal of critical impurities selected from dissolved transition metals, inorganic anions and dissolved organic compounds, from highly concentrated hydroxide solutions used as electrolytes in alkaline water electrolysis (AEW) to produce hydrogen. The processes comprise adding to the solutions at least one precipitation additive selected from water-soluble salts of alkaline earth metals; nickel (II) hydroxide; and hydroxides or oxides of alkaline earth metals, provided that the surface area of the hydroxides/oxides is more than 5 m2/g, to form at least one inorganic compound (or complex) as a precipitate which is removed from the solution.
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
75.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR REDUCED FORMATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES DURING COMBUSTION
An apparatus and process can be configured for reduced nitrogen oxide formation during combustion. Embodiments can provide synthetic air to a combustion device so that combustion of a fuel can occur with a substantially low amount of NOx. Some embodiments can provide a reduction in NOx formation by at least 75% and as much as greater than 95% as compared to use of ambient air or oxygen enriched air oxidants. Embodiments can also provide a flue gas that has a high concentration of carbon dioxide that can facilitate improved carbon capture and permit efficient formation of at least one carbon dioxide product stream with a high carbon dioxide concentration (e.g. at least 95 mole percent carbon dioxide).
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
78.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR REDUCED FORMATION OF NITROGEN OXIDES DURING COMBUSTION
An apparatus and process can be configured for reduced nitrogen oxide formation during combustion. Embodiments can provide synthetic air to a combustion device so that combustion of a fuel can occur with a substantially low amount of NOx. Some embodiments can provide a reduction in NOx formation by at least 75% and as much as greater than 95% as compared to use of ambient air or oxygen enriched air oxidants. Embodiments can also provide a flue gas that has a high concentration of carbon dioxide that can facilitate improved carbon capture and permit efficient formation of at least one carbon dioxide product stream with a high carbon dioxide concentration (e.g. at least 95 mole percent carbon dioxide).
An apparatus and process for oxidant formation can be configured to facilitate improved mixing of for formation of an oxidant. Embodiments can be configured so conduits having a relatively large aspect ratio (e.g., 1.5 to 5 or 1.5 to over 5) can be utilized for improved gas mixing even in situations in which the carrier gas is at a relatively low pressure. Embodiments can also facilitate low nitrogen oxide formation combustion. Some embodiments can additionally provide improved carbon capture.
An apparatus and process for steam reforming can be configured to produce at least one product with reduced carbon dioxide and/or nitrogen oxide emissions. Some embodiments can be better adapted for retrofitting a pre-existing steam reforming process while other embodiments can be better adapted for use in a newly constructed facility. Embodiments can be configured to utilize a synthetic air oxidant to provide combustion that results in formation of a flue gas having relatively high carbon dioxide concentrations that may also have low nitrogen and low nitrogen oxide concentrations. A control system can be configured for utilization in such embodiments to control the steam reforming process and/or oxidant formation process as well. Some embodiments can also be configured to provide carbon dioxide recovery that can permit recovery of a second product stream comprised of carbon dioxide.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
81.
Method and System for Heat Recovery in an Oxy-Fuel Fired Glass Furnace
Processes and systems for glass making can utilize heat recovery to improve operational efficiency and flexibility of operation to provide improved yield, higher quality, or more consistent quality glass, and/or other efficiencies. Some embodiments can utilize adjustments in burner operation to account for different manufacturing conditions to provide improved quality of fabricated glass to provide improved yields of glass with a more efficient utilization of heat, which can improve the environmental impact associated with the manufacturing process in addition to improving the operational efficiency and flexibility of the glass manufacturing process.
Processes and systems for glass making can utilize heat recovery to improve operational efficiency and flexibility of operation to provide improved yield, higher quality, or more consistent quality glass, and/or other efficiencies. Some embodiments can utilize adjustments in burner operation to account for different manufacturing conditions to provide improved quality of fabricated glass to provide improved yields of glass with a more efficient utilization of heat, which can improve the environmental impact associated with the manufacturing process in addition to improving the operational efficiency and flexibility of the glass manufacturing process.
C03B 5/237 - Regenerators or recuperators specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
C03B 3/02 - Charging the melting furnaces combined with preheating, premelting or pretreating the glass-making ingredients, pellets or cullet
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
A method comprising contacting an offgas stream comprising H2, H2O, CO, CO2, and at least one impurity comprising COS with at least one metal oxide to catalyze a reaction of H2O and COS to form H2S and CO2 in the offgas stream; contacting the offgas stream with an H2S-adsorbent to remove H2S from the offgas stream to produce a treated gas stream; and separating the treated gas stream to produce a carbon dioxide-enriched stream and a carbon dioxide-depleted stream.
Disclosed herein are rotary valve assemblies, comprising a single rotor, for use in adsorption based separation processes. Also disclosed are adsorption based separation apparatuses including said rotary valve assemblies, and adsorption based separation processes using said adsorption based separation apparatuses.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
85.
ADSORBER, PURIFICATION SYSTEM, AND PURIFICATION METHOD
An adsorber for utilization in purification systems for cryogenic fluid processing can include a first layer of adsorbent material and a second layer of adsorbent material within a bed of adsorbent material within the adsorber. The first layer can include alumina or other water removal adsorbent material while the second layer can include NaMSX or other suitable molecular sieve adsorbent material. The first layer can be sized to be substantially smaller than the second layer to facilitate a pre-selected ratio of water adsorption to molecular sieve adsorption so that water can break through the first layer to the second layer during purification operations while the volume of the adsorber can be provided in a much smaller size with much less adsorbent material utilized in the bed as compared to conventional designs. Embodiments can provide an increased purification operational capacity with reduced need for adsorbent material.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked in reactor tubes containing a first catalyst in a fired reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked over a second catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the second part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence optimization of the conversion.
The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked over a first catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked in reactor tubes containing a second catalyst in a fired reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the first part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence accommodate any excess or shortfall in the heat input from the fired reactor.
The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked in reactor tubes containing a first catalyst in a fired reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked over a second catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the second part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence optimization of the conversion.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cracking ammonia in which heated ammonia at super-atmospheric pressure is partially cracked over a first catalyst in a reaction zone of an electrically heated reactor to produce partially cracked ammonia gas which is then cracked in reactor tubes containing a second catalyst in a fired reactor to produce cracked gas comprising hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas and residual ammonia. The cracked gas is cooled and hydrogen is recovered from the cooled cracked gas in a hydrogen recovery unit. Offgas from the hydrogen recovery unit, or a cracked offgas derived therefrom, provides at least some, preferably all, of the fuel requirement in the fired reactor. Varying the power input to the first part of the cracking reaction enables direct control of the heat flux profile and hence accommodate any excess or shortfall in the heat input from the fired reactor.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Carbon capture for others; consulting services in the field of production of renewable green energy; production of renewable green energy; production of renewable chemicals. Consulting services in the nature of utilizing artificial intelligence for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen; Consulting services in the field of energy saving computation; Technological consultancy services in the field of clean hydrogen production and efficient use of renewable energy; Conducting technical project studies in the field of clean hydrogen production and efficient use of renewable energy; Calibration services; Energy auditing services; Engineering services for hydrogen production facilities; Industrial design services; Providing scientific information, advice and consultancy relating to carbon offsetting; Providing scientific information, advice and consultancy relating to net zero emissions; Weather forecasting services; Providing quality control services; research in the field of artificial intelligence technology; Scientific research in the field of environmental protection; Software as a service (SaaS) services featuring software to maximize the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen using advanced computational models to predict available power, performance, and future trends based on historic and predicted weather conditions and plant performance data and enabling optimal design and operation of hydrogen production facilities and efficient use of renewable power available; Computer programming services for utilizing artificial intelligence for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen; Design of computer-simulated models; Updating of computer software; Providing online non-downloadable computer software for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen using advanced computational models to predict available power, performance, and future trends based on historic and predicted weather conditions and plant performance data and enabling optimal design and operation of hydrogen production facilities and efficient use of renewable power available; Technical support services, namely, troubleshooting of industrial process control computer software problems; Providing technical information updates of industrial process control computer software via the global computer network.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Carbon capture for others; consulting services in the field of production of renewable green energy; production of renewable green energy; production of renewable chemicals. Consulting services in the nature of utilizing artificial intelligence for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen; Consulting services in the field of energy saving computation; Technological consultancy services in the field of clean hydrogen production and efficient use of renewable energy; Conducting technical project studies in the field of clean hydrogen production and efficient use of renewable energy; Calibration services; Energy auditing services; Engineering services for hydrogen production facilities; Industrial design services; Providing scientific information, advice and consultancy relating to carbon offsetting; Providing scientific information, advice and consultancy relating to net zero emissions; Weather forecasting services; Providing quality control services; research in the field of artificial intelligence technology; Scientific research in the field of environmental protection; Software as a service (SaaS) services featuring software to maximize the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen using advanced computational models to predict available power, performance, and future trends based on historic and predicted weather conditions and plant performance data and enabling optimal design and operation of hydrogen production facilities and efficient use of renewable power available; Computer programming services for utilizing artificial intelligence for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen; Design of computer-simulated models; Updating of computer software; Providing online non-downloadable computer software for maximizing the utilization of intermittent renewable energy for optimal production of zero-carbon hydrogen using advanced computational models to predict available power, performance, and future trends based on historic and predicted weather conditions and plant performance data and enabling optimal design and operation of hydrogen production facilities and efficient use of renewable power available; Technical support services, namely, troubleshooting of industrial process control computer software problems; Providing technical information updates of industrial process control computer software via the global computer network.
A method for purifying a crude hydrogen feed stream utilizes an adsorbent having a N2/Ar selectivity ranging from 2 to 4 at 30° C. and a Henry's law coefficient for argon ranging from 0.15 to 1.0 mmole/g/atma at 30° C. The composition of crude hydrogen streams from processes in which carbon dioxide is captured necessitates new criteria for adsorbent selection to improve recovery.
A method for purifying a crude hydrogen feed stream utlizes an adsorbent having a N2/Ar selectivity ranging from 2 to 4 at 30°C and a Henry's law coefficient for argon ranging from 0.15 to 1.0 mmole/g/atma at 30°C. The composition of crude hydrogen streams from processes in which carbon dioxide is captured necessitates new criteria for adsorbent selection to improve recovery.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
There is provided an electrolyser power system comprising: a transformer arrangement having: at least one primary winding connectable to an AC power source; and a plurality of secondary windings; a first rectifier arrangement comprising: an AC input connected to a first secondary winding of the transformer arrangement; and a first DC output; a second rectifier arrangement comprising: an AC input connected to a second secondary winding of the transformer arrangement; and a second DC output; and a plurality of discrete electrically coupled electrolyser modules, wherein each electrolyser module is electrically connected between the first and second DC outputs.
H02M 7/162 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 9/65 - Means for supplying currentElectrode connectionsElectric inter-cell connections
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
H02M 7/17 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
95.
APPARATUS AND PROCESS TO CONTROL PROVIDING PURIFIED WATER FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
An apparatus to provide purified water to one or more electrolyzers for manufacture of hydrogen can include a polisher positioned to receive at least a minimum flow of water from a demineralization unit to purify the water and output the purified water to at least one electrolyzer of an electrolyzer house. The flow of water can be adjusted to maintain a minimum flow of water passing through one or more beds of the polisher while accounting for the demand of water at the electrolyzers. Flow adjustments can be made between providing all the purified water to the electrolyzers during high demand operations to other configurations in which little or no purified water is fed to the electrolyzers and, instead, that water is recycled back to the water demineralization unit.
An apparatus to purify water and provide the purified water to one or more electrolyzers for manufacture of hydrogen can include a purification unit positioned to receive water from a demineralization unit to purify the water and output the purified water to at least one electrolyzer of an electrolyzer house. The flow of water can be adjusted to maintain a minimum flow of water passing through one or more beds of a polisher while accounting for the demand of water at the electrolyzers. Flow adjustments can be made between providing all the purified water to the electrolyzers during high demand operations to other configurations in which little or no purified water is fed to the electrolyzers and, instead, that water is recycled back to the water purification unit.
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
C02F 1/28 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 9/70 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells
Residual ammonia is removed effectively from ammonia cracked gas in a hydrogen PSA system using a non-zeolitic adsorbent such as activated carbon, activated alumina or silica gel.
C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
A method for pyrolysing a methane-rich stream to produce hydrogen and a solid carbon intermediate. The solid carbon intermediate may then be transported to a second location to be gasified to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, the latter of which may be sequestered at the second location. Because the solid carbon intermediate may be transported more easily than carbon dioxide, this allows the decoupling of hydrogen production from carbon dioxide sequestration.
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
A method for heating reactor using a multi-function burner comprising feeding primary fuel through an annular channel, feeding oxygen through a central channel within the annular channel, and feeding an auxiliary fuel through a central lance within the central channel to produce a flame extending into a furnace having a temperature and a pressure; wherein the flow rate of the auxiliary fuel and oxygen are increased while maintaining an equivalence ratio below 1 to increase the temperature of the furnace; wherein after the furnace temperature exceeds the auto-ignition temperature of the primary fuel, increasing the flow rate of the primary fuel to increase the equivalence ratio to be greater than 1.
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
100.
Process and Apparatus for Xenon and or Krypton Recovery
Recovering xenon and/or krypton from a feed gas can include utilization of a purge stream from a separation column positioned and configured to output at least one stream of fluid that is substantially nitrogen and at least one stream of fluid that is substantially oxygen. The purge stream can be split so that a first portion of the purge stream is fed as a liquid adjacent to a top of a purge treatment column and a second portion of the purge stream can be fed to a heat exchanger for superheating the second portion to feed a superheated vapor at or adjacent to a bottom of the purge treatment column. The purge treatment column can output a liquid stream that has a relatively high concentration of Xe and/or Kr therein as a feed stream for an Xe and/or Kr recovery system.
