(1) Superchargers for engines; turbochargers for engines; turbochargers for motors; automotive turbocharger systems; turbochargers for machines; turbochargers for engines for heavy duty vehicles, off road agriculture vehicles and light commercial vehicles
(1) Superchargers for engines; turbochargers for engines; turbochargers for motors; automotive turbocharger systems; turbochargers for machines; turbochargers for engines for heavy duty vehicles, off road agriculture vehicles and light commercial vehicles
A PTFE rotary shaft seal assembly includes an annular seal case mountable within a bore of a housing and a wafer fabricated of PTFE. An outer region of the wafer is captured by the seal case and in inner region extends to a central opening of the wafer. The wafer includes coined fluid pumping impressions formed on a first side of the wafer and coined flexing impressions formed on an opposite second side of the wafer. The wafer further includes a coined static band portion encircling the central opening and being free of fluid pumping impressions. A method of making such a wager and seal assembly is also provided.
A PTFE rotary shaft seal assembly includes an annular seal case mountable within a bore of a housing and a wafer fabricated of PTFE. An outer region of the wafer is captured by the seal case and in inner region extends to a central opening of the wafer. The wafer includes coined fluid pumping impressions formed on a first side of the wafer and coined flexing impressions formed on an opposite second side of the wafer. The wafer further includes a coined static band portion encircling the central opening and being free of fluid pumping impressions. A method of making such a wager and seal assembly is also provided.
A piston for an internal combustion engine which includes a crown having spiral features designed to increase swirl of combustion gases in a cylinder of the engine is provided. The spiral features can be located in a combustion surface or in a combustion bowl of the crown. The increased swirl of the combustion gases is expected to improve mixing of the air and fuel injected into the cylinder, and thus cause the fuel to burn more completely, achieve better efficiency out of the injected fuel, and reduce unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas.
A steel piston with an engineered coating is provided. A high thermal conductivity material, for example copper, is disposed on first regions of a combustion bowl to reduce hot spots in the piston. A low thermal conductivity material, for example a ceramic, is disposed on second regions of the combustion bowl to reduce loss of heat through the piston. The high thermal conductivity material disposed on the combustion bowl has a surface roughness (Ra) of less than 5 μm to help reflect IR radiation and promote fuel flow. The low thermal conductivity material disposed on the combustion bowl has a surface roughness (Ra) of less than 3 μm to promote fuel flow. The low thermal conductivity material is also disposed on the bowl rim and top ring land, and has a surface roughness (Ra) of greater than 8 μm on the bowl rim and top ring land to retard gas flow.
A multi-layer steel gasket includes a pair of outermost steel layers having a plurality of combustion openings. The outermost layers are generally planar and free of elastic beads in a compression region of the gasket immediately surrounding the combustion openings. A pair of metal sealing rings are associated with each of the combustion openings and are disposed between the outermost layers and are formed with opposed full beads that face away from one another in the compression region of the gasket around each cylinder opening. The sealing rings each having a thickness of at least 0.3 mm and which is greater than a thickness of the outermost layer. At least one distance layer is disposed between the outermost layers, wherein when the compression region is fully compressed, the thickness of the combined layers of gasket in the compression region is greater than the thickness of the combined layers of the gasket in a body of the gasket adjacent the compression region.
An internal combustion engine and a piston for placement in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine are provided. The engine and piston are designed to reduce hydrocarbon emissions caused by unburnt fuel which remains in a crevice located between a top land of the piston and cylinder during or after a combustion event. A catalyst is disposed on a top land of the piston or an inner surface of the cylinder along the crevice. The catalyst is in the form of a coating including a base layer and a catalyst layer. The base layer is formed of nickel, nickel alloy, or nickel-based superalloy, and the catalyst layer being formed of precious metal, alloy containing precious metal, ceramic, or ceramic impregnated with precious metal. A transition layer can be disposed between the base layer and the catalyst layer, preferably when the catalyst layer is formed of the ceramic.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C23C 4/04 - Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
F02B 23/06 - Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
F02B 51/02 - Other methods of operating engines involving pre-treating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines involving catalysts
16.
Piston including a composite layer applied to metal substrate
A piston for a heavy duty diesel engine including a composite layer forming at least a portion of a combustion surface is provided. The composite layer has a thickness greater than 500 microns and includes a mixture of components typically used to form brake pads, such as a thermoset resin, an insulating component, strengthening fibers, and an impact toughening additive. According to one example, the thermoset resin is a phenolic resin, the insulating component is a ceramic, the strengthening fibers are graphite, and the impact toughening additive is an aramid pulp of fibrillated chopped synthetic fibers. The composite layer also has a thermal conductivity of 0.8 to 5 W/m·K. The body portion of the piston can include an undercut scroll thread to improve mechanical locking of the composite layer. The piston can also include a ceramic insert between the body portion and the composite layer.
F02F 3/12 - Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
F02F 3/14 - Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
B29C 43/18 - Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding materialApparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
B32B 3/06 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers togetherLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/16 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a particulate layer
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 7/05 - Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/098 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
B32B 27/42 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
B32B 5/16 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
F04B 53/14 - Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
F02B 77/02 - Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
F04B 39/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
B29K 277/00 - Use of polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides, as reinforcement
B29K 475/00 - Use of polyureas or polyurethanes as filler
B29K 45/00 - Use of polymers of unsaturated cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic groups in a side-chain, e.g. coumarone-indene resins, as moulding material
B29K 105/12 - Condition, form or state of moulded material containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
B29K 279/00 - Use of other polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as reinforcement
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes an open inner cooling area in which the undercrown surface is exposed, and an annular outer cooling gallery. The piston also includes an oil outlet scoop for local cooling of the undercrown surface of the piston. The outer cooling gallery includes an oil outlet opening, and the oil outlet scoop is beneath and vertically aligned with the oil outlet opening. The oil outlet scoop includes a concave surface facing the oil outlet opening. During operation, oil exits the oil outlet opening, and the oil outlet scoop catches the exiting oil and directs the oil to the inner cooling area and the exposed undercrown surface.
A piston ring with a coated outer surface is provided. The coating is disposed on end sections of the outer surface adjacent a gap. Typically, a middle section of the outer surface located between the end sections is not coated. The coating can be formed of CrN or DLC, and the CrN coating can be applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The end sections of the outer surface, upon which the coating is applied, are rough. For example, the outer surface can be blasted or otherwise textured to achieve the rough surface. The rough surface retains oil and distributes stress better than a smooth surface, and thus reduces crazing and flaking of the coating.
A sliding element, such as a bearing, and a method of manufacturing the sliding element, is provided. The sliding element is formed of an aluminum alloy material which includes zinc in an amount of 5 wt. % to 83 wt. %. The sliding element may also include silicon and/or magnesium. The sliding element is typically formed by casting, heat treating at a temperature of 400° C to 577° C, and cooling at a rate of less than 50° C per hour to a temperature ranging from 400° C to 200° C. The aluminum alloy material is then heat treated at a temperature of 100° to 275° C for at least 5 hours to form a soft phase consisting essentially of the zinc. The second heat treatment, or possibly both heat treatments, may not be required when the aluminum alloy material includes the magnesium.
A sliding element, such as a bearing, and a method of manufacturing the sliding element, is provided. The sliding element is formed of an aluminum alloy material which includes zinc in an amount of 5 wt. % to 83 wt. %. The sliding element may also include silicon and/or magnesium. The sliding element is typically formed by casting, heat treating at a temperature of 400° C. to 577° C., and cooling at a rate of less than 50° C. per hour to a temperature ranging from 400° C. to 200° C. The aluminum alloy material is then heat treated at a temperature of 100° to 275° C. for at least 5 hours to form a soft phase consisting essentially of the zinc. The second heat treatment, or possibly both heat treatments, may not be required when the aluminum alloy material includes the magnesium.
A coated piston ring for a piston is provided. The piston ring includes a running surface, a flank surface, and a transition surface therebetween. The transition surface curves or extends at an angle between the running surface and the flank surface. A running layer is disposed over the running surface and over at least a portion of the transition surface. A flank layer is disposed over the flank surface and over at least a portion of the transition surface. The running layer is applied by physical vapor deposition, and the running layer is applied by galvanic deposition. The running layer is formed of chromium nitride, and the flank layer is formed of chromium. A portion of the flank layer overlaps and is disposed outward of a portion of the running layer. During operation of the piston, the overlapping portion is spaced from both the piston and the cylinder.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C25D 3/04 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of chromium
22.
COATED PISTON RING FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
A coated piston ring (20) for a piston (22) is provided. The piston ring includes a running surface (38), a flank surface (30), and a transition surface (40) therebetween. The transition surface curves or extends at an angle between the running surface and the flank surface. A running layer (50) is disposed over the running surface and over at least a portion of the transition surface. A flank layer (48) is disposed over the flank surface and over at least a portion of the transition surface. The running layer is applied by physical vapor deposition, and the flank layer is applied by galvanic deposition. The running layer is formed of chromium nitride, and the flank layer is formed of chromium. A portion (52) of the flank layer overlaps and is disposed outward of a portion of the running layer. During operation of the piston, the overlapping portion is spaced from both the piston and the cylinder.
A piston for an internal combustion engine which is coated for enhanced oxidation protection and/or erosion protection is provided. The piston includes a body formed of an iron-based material. The iron-based material is coated with a superalloy and manganese phosphate. The superalloy is preferably NiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, CoCrAly, and/or CoNiCrAlY. The manganese phosphate can be disposed on the superalloy, but not between the superalloy and the iron-based material. The superalloy preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, a porosity of 1% to less than 5%, and a surface roughness of less than 5 microns Ra. Another component for an internal combustion engine which is coated with the superalloy and the manganese phosphate is also provided.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes an open inner cooling area in which the undercrown surface is exposed, and an annular outer cooling gallery. The piston also includes an oil outlet scoop for local cooling of the undercrown surface of the piston. The outer cooling gallery includes an oil outlet opening, and the oil outlet scoop is beneath and vertically aligned with the oil outlet opening. The oil outlet scoop includes a concave surface facing the oil outlet opening. During operation, oil exits the oil outlet opening, and the oil outlet scoop catches the exiting oil and directs the oil to the inner cooling area and the exposed undercrown surface.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a coating applied to a ferrous body portion to reduce or prevent chemical bonding of carbon deposits or coking on the body portion at temperatures ranging from 200 to 400° C. The coating includes a fluoropolymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorosilane, fluorocarbon, fluoroplastic resin, and/or perfluoroplastic, and may be hydrocarbon or silicone based. The coating also has a thickness of 25 microns to 1 millimeter. The coating can be disposed on an undercrown surface, ring grooves, ring lands, pin bosses, and/or skirt sections of the body portion.
A corona comprises a central electrode surrounded by an insulator, which is surrounded by a conductive component. The conductive component includes a shell and an intermediate part both formed of an electrically conductive material. The intermediate part is a layer of metal which brazes the insulator to the shell. An outer surface of the insulator presents a lower ledge, and the layer of metal can be applied to the insulator above the lower ledge prior to or after inserting the insulator into the shell. The conductive inner diameter is less than an insulator outer diameter directly below the lower ledge such the insulator thickness increases toward the electrode firing end. The insulator outer diameter is also typically less than the shell inner diameter so that the corona igniter can be forward-assembled.
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
F02P 3/01 - Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
H01T 21/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
A piston for a high temperature internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes an upper wall, base wall, outer rib, and inner rib defining a cooling chamber therebetween, and a plurality of ring grooves formed in the outer rib. Only the second ring groove is formed with the keystone cross-section, and all of the other ring grooves are formed with the conventional rectangular cross-section. Thus, the piston can be formed with low manufacturing costs and can also provide exceptional performance when used in high temperature combustion engines, wherein the temperature at the first ring groove is greater than 280° C., and thus prevents carbon from depositing or burns off any carbon deposits, but the temperature at the second ring groove is between 200° C. and 280° C., in which case carbon deposits can form and cause the piston ring to stick.
A piston ring with a coated outer surface is provided. The coating is disposed on end sections of the outer surface adjacent a gap. Typically, a middle section of the outer surface located between the end sections is not coated. The coating can be formed of CrN or DLC, and the CrN coating can be applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The end sections of the outer surface, upon which the coating is applied, are rough. For example, the outer surface can be blasted or otherwise textured to achieve the rough surface. The rough surface retains oil and distributes stress better than a smooth surface, and thus reduces crazing and flaking of the coating.
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
C23C 14/06 - Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
C23C 30/00 - Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
F16J 9/00 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general
29.
Coated piston ring for an internal combustion engine
A piston ring with a coated outer surface is provided. The coating is disposed on end sections of the outer surface adjacent a gap. Typically, a middle section of the outer surface located between the end sections is not coated. The coating can be formed of CrN or DLC, and the CrN coating can be applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD). The end sections of the outer surface, upon which the coating is applied, are rough. For example, the outer surface can be blasted or otherwise textured to achieve the rough surface. The rough surface retains oil and distributes stress better than a smooth surface, and thus reduces crazing and flaking of the coating.
A piston ring (10) providing improved performance during operation, including reduction in blowby gases and improved oil control, is provided. The piston ring (10) includes a rail (14) disposed in a recess (16) of a wire (12). The wire (12) presents a wire outer diameter surface (22), the rail (14) presents a rail outer diameter surface (28), and a coating (18) including diamond-like carbon is disposed on the rail outer diameter surface (28). The coating (18) is inlaid and thus an exposed sharp upper corner (40) is present between an upper portion (32) of the wire outer diameter surface (22) and an upper ring surface (36), and an exposed sharp lower comer (42) is present between a lower portion (34) of the wire outer diameter surface (22) and a lower ring surface (38).
A piston ring providing improved performance during operation, including reduction in blowby gases and improved oil control, is provided. The piston ring includes an upper layer, a lower layer, and a middle layer each formed from a powder metal material. An exposed sharp first corner is present between an upper ring surface and an upper outer diameter surface, and an exposed sharp second corner is present between a lower ring surface and a lower outer diameter surface. The piston ring also comprises a coating including diamond-like carbon (DLC). The DLC coating is inlaid. Thus, the coating is disposed on the middle layer but is spaced from the upper and lower corners, so that the upper and lower corners of the piston ring are exposed.
A piston for an internal combustion engine which is coated for enhanced oxidation protection and/or erosion protection is provided. The piston includes a body formed of an iron-based material. The iron-based material is coated with a superalloy and manganese phosphate. The superalloy is preferably NiCrAlY, NiCrAl, NiCr, CoCrAly, and/or CoNiCrAlY. The manganese phosphate can be disposed on the superalloy, but not between the superalloy and the iron-based material. The superalloy preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, a porosity of 1 % to less than 5%, and a surface roughness of less than 5 microns Ra. Another component for an internal combustion engine which is coated with the superalloy and the manganese phosphate is also provided.
A piston ring providing improved performance during operation, including reduction in blowby gases and improved oil control, is provided. The piston ring includes an upper layer, a lower layer, and a middle layer each formed from a powder metal material. An exposed sharp first comer is present between an upper ring surface and an upper outer diameter surface, and an exposed sharp second comer is present between a lower ring surface and a lower outer diameter surface. The piston ring also comprises a coating including diamond- like carbon (DLC). The DLC coating is inlaid. Thus, the coating is disposed on the middle layer but is spaced from the upper and lower comers, so that the upper and lower comers of the piston ring are exposed.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 5/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
B22F 5/02 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of piston rings
B22F 7/06 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
B23P 15/06 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass piston rings from one piece
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
F16J 9/00 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general
B22F 3/24 - After-treatment of workpieces or articles
34.
HARD POWDER PARTICLES WITH IMPROVED COMPRESSIBILITY AND GREEN STRENGTH
A powder metal material and sintered component formed of the powder metal material is provided. The powder metal material comprises a plurality of particles including copper in an amount of 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the particles. The particles also include at least one of iron, nickel, an cobalt. The particles further include at least one of boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, nitrogen, niobium, phosphorous, sulfur, aluminum, bismuth, silicon, tin, tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, hafnium, and zirconium. The particles are formed by atomizing and optionally heat treating. The particles consist of a first area and a second area, wherein the first area is copper-rich and the second area includes hard phases. The hard phases being present in an amount of at least 33 wt. %, based on the total weight of the second area.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
F01L 3/08 - Valve guidesSealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
A vehicle internal combustion piston and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes piston body extending along a central longitudinal axis, having an upper combustion wall forming an upper combustion surface and an undercrown surface opposite the upper combustion surface. An annular ring belt region depends from the upper combustion surface, a pair of skirt panels depend from the ring belt region, and a pair of pin bosses depend from the undercrown surface to provide laterally spaced pin bores aligned along a pin bore axis for receipt of a wrist pin. The undercrown surface forms a central undercrown region, and a portion of either an open outer cooling gallery, a sealed outer cooling gallery, or an outer galleryless region, wherein an insulating coating including a thermoset resin, such as a phenolic or epoxy resin, with additives is applied to at least one of the portions of the undercrown surface.
A powder metal material and sintered component formed of the powder metal material is provided. The powder metal material comprises a plurality of particles including copper in an amount of 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the particles. The particles also include at least one of iron, nickel, an cobalt. The particles further include at least one of boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, nitrogen, niobium, phosphorous, sulfur, aluminum, bismuth, silicon, tin, tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, hafnium, and zirconium. The particles are formed by atomizing and optionally heat treating. The particles consist of a first area and a second area, wherein the first area is copper-rich and the second area includes hard phases. The hard phases being present in an amount of at least 33 wt. %, based on the total weight of the second area.
C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
37.
Thermally insulated engine components using a ceramic coating
A component for exposure to a combustion chamber of a diesel engine and/or exhaust gas, such as a cylinder liner or valve face, is provided. The component includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a body portion formed of steel. A layer of a metal bond material can be applied first, followed by a mixture of the metal bond material and a ceramic material, optionally followed by a layer of the ceramic material. The ceramic material preferably includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating is applied by thermal spray or HVOF. The thermal barrier coating has a porosity of 2% by vol. to 25% vol., a thickness of less than 1 mm, and a thermal conductivity of less than 1.00 W/m·K.
C23C 4/12 - Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C23C 4/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
38.
Combustion engine components with dynamic thermal insulation coating and method of making and using such a coating
A component for an engine is provided. The component includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a body portion formed of metal, such as steel or another ferrous or iron-based material. According to one embodiment, a bond layer of a metal is applied to the body portion, followed by a mixed layer of metal and ceramic with a gradient structure, and then optionally a top layer of metal. The thermal barrier coating can also include a ceramic layer between the mixed layer and top layer, or as the outermost layer. The ceramic includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating can be applied by thermal spray. The thermal barrier coating preferably has a thickness less than 200 microns and a surface roughness Ra of not greater than 3 microns.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
F02B 77/02 - Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
A corona ignition assembly including a firing end assembly (22) and an ignition coil assembly (23) connected by a high voltage connection (24) is provided. The high voltage connection includes a high voltage insulator 58 formed of silicon rubber. A shield 60 formed of metal surrounds the high voltage insulator. The high voltage connection also includes an upper insert 62 formed of metal connecting the shield to the ignition coil assembly and a lower insert 64 formed of metal connecting the shield to the firing end assembly. First portions (66) of the outer surface of the high voltage insulator adhere to the shield, the upper insert, and the lower insert, while second portions (68) of the outer surface do not adhere to at least one of the shield, the upper insert, and the lower insert. A metal braid (84) can be embedded in the high voltage insulator, realizing a ground connection between the upper and lower inserts.
H01T 13/34 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 13/38 - Selection of materials for insulation
F02P 9/00 - Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
An insert for a cylinder liner which is capable of trapping heat in the combustion chamber is provided. The insert extends circumferentially around a center axis and longitudinally from an upper end to a lower end. The insert includes an inner portion presenting an inner surface facing the center axis and an outer portion presenting an outer surface facing away from the center axis. The inner portion is formed of an iron-based material, such as steel, and the outer portion is formed of a material having a thermal conductivity of not greater than 3.5 W/mK, for example ceria stabilized zirconia. The inner and outer portions each present a thickness, and the thickness can form a gradient between the upper end and the lower end of the insert. For example, the thickness of the outer portion can be greater at the upper end than at the lower end of the insert.
C23C 28/04 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
An insert for a cylinder liner which is capable of trapping heat in the combustion chamber is provided. The insert extends circumferentially around a center axis and longitudinally from an upper end to a lower end. The insert includes an inner portion presenting an inner surface facing the center axis and an outer portion presenting an outer surface facing away from the center axis. The inner portion is formed of an iron-based material, such as steel, and the outer portion is formed of a material having a thermal conductivity of not greater than 3.5 W/mK, for example ceria stabilized zirconia. The inner and outer portions each present a thickness, and the thickness can form a gradient between the upper end and the lower end of the insert. For example, the thickness of the outer portion can be greater at the upper end than at the lower end of the insert.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
42.
Powder metal material for wear and temperature resistance applications
A powder metal composition for high wear and temperature applications is made by atomizing a melted iron based alloy including 3.0 to 7.0 wt. % carbon; 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % chromium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % tungsten; 3.5 to 7.0 wt. % vanadium; 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % molybdenum; not greater than 0.5 wt. % oxygen; and at least 40.0 wt. % iron. The high carbon content reduces the solubility of oxygen in the melt and thus lowers the oxygen content to a level below which would cause the carbide-forming elements to oxidize during atomization. The powder metal composition includes metal carbides in an amount of at least 15 vol. %. The microhardness of the powder metal composition increases with increasing amounts of carbon and is typically about 800 to 1,500 Hv50.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
An insulator for a corona igniter, referred to as a barrier discharge ignition (BDI) device, for use in an internal combustion engine, is provided. A central electrode is disposed in a slot of the insulator and an electrode tip is spaced from a round insulator tip by insulating material. A shell formed of metal surrounds a portion of the insulator. The insulator has a thickness tapering between a shell firing surface and the insulator tip. The tapering insulator thickness is unidirectional and thus does not increase between a start of the taper and the insulator tip. A method of manufacturing an insulator for a corona igniter is also provided. Equations can be used to determine if a taper in the insulator thickness is needed to encourage corona propagation along a core nose projection of the insulator, and if so, the location and size of the taper.
A vehicle internal combustion piston and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes piston body extending along a central longitudinal axis, having an upper combustion wall forming an upper combustion surface and an undercrown surface opposite the upper combustion surface. An annular ring belt region depends from the upper combustion surface, a pair of skirt panels depend from the ring belt region, and a pair of pin bosses depend from the undercrown surface to provide laterally spaced pin bores aligned along a pin bore axis for receipt of a wrist pin. The undercrown surface forms a central undercrown region, and a portion of either an open outer cooling gallery, a sealed outer cooling gallery, or an outer galleryless region. A coating including copper is applied to hot spots along the undercrown surface to mitigate the hot spots provide a more uniform temperature along the undercrown surface during operation.
An insulator for a corona igniter, referred to as a barrier discharge ignition (BDI) device, for use in an internal combustion engine, is provided. A central electrode is disposed in a slot of the insulator and an electrode tip is spaced from a round insulator tip by insulating material. A shell formed of metal surrounds a portion of the insulator. The insulator has a thickness tapering between a shell firing surface and the insulator tip. The tapering insulator thickness is unidirectional and thus does not increase between a start of the taper and the insulator tip. A method of manufacturing an insulator for a corona igniter is also provided. Equations can be used to determine if a taper in the insulator thickness is needed to encourage corona propagation along a core nose projection of the insulator, and if so, the location and size of the taper.
A vehicle internal combustion piston and method of construction thereof are provided. The piston includes piston body extending along a central longitudinal axis, having an upper combustion wall forming an upper combustion surface and an undercrown surface opposite the upper combustion surface. An annular ring belt region depends from the upper combustion surface, a pair of skirt panels depend from the ring belt region, and a pair of pin bosses depend from the undercrown surface to provide laterally spaced pin bores aligned along a pin bore axis for receipt of a wrist pin. The undercrown surface forms a central undercrown region, and a portion of either an open outer cooling gallery, a sealed outer cooling gallery, or an outer galleryless region. A coating including copper is applied to hot spots along the undercrown surface to mitigate the hot spots provide a more uniform temperature along the undercrown surface during operation.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a lower part joined to an upper part, for example by friction welding with inertia. The upper part presents a combustion surface and an undercrown surface. The piston also includes a cooling gallery surface provided by the upper part and the lower part. The cooling gallery surface surrounds a volume of space for containing a cooling media. The piston can include serrations in the cooling gallery surface and/or undercrown surface to increase surface area and thus reduce the temperature of the piston. The piston can also include shaped weld curls, instead of or in addition to the serrations, which also increase surface area and reduce the temperature of the piston.
F02F 3/20 - Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
F02F 3/26 - Pistons having combustion chamber in piston head
B21K 1/18 - Making machine elements pistons or plungers
B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a lower part joined to an upper part, for example by friction welding with inertia. The upper part presents a combustion surface and an undercrown surface. The piston also includes a cooling gallery surface provided by the upper part and the lower part. The cooling gallery surface surrounds a volume of space for containing a cooling media. The piston can include serrations in the cooling gallery surface and/or undercrown surface to increase surface area and thus reduce the temperature of the piston. The piston can also include shaped weld curls, instead of or in addition to the serrations, which also increase surface area and reduce the temperature of the piston.
A corona ignition assembly including a firing end assembly and an ignition coil assembly connected by a high voltage connection is provided. The high voltage connection includes a high voltage insulator formed of silicon rubber. A shield formed of metal surrounds the high voltage insulator. The high voltage connection also includes an upper insert formed of metal connecting the shield to the ignition coil assembly and a lower insert formed of metal connecting the shield to the firing end assembly. First portions of the outer surface of the high voltage insulator adhere to the shield, the upper insert, and the lower insert, while second portions of the outer surface do not adhere to at least one of the shield, the upper insert, and the lower insert. A metal braid can be embedded in the high voltage insulator.
A wear resistant coated piston ring for an engine is provided. The piston ring includes a coating disposed on a ring body. The coating includes initially includes alternating first and second layers, wherein the first layers include trivalent chromium, and the second layers include nickel and phosphorous. The first layers are applied by depositing a trivalent chromium electrolyte, specifically Cr3+ electrolyte. The second layers are applied by electroless deposition. The coating is left in the as-is condition and is not heat treated before being disposed on a piston and then in an engine. The coating is naturally exposed to heat while the engine is running, and this heat causes the chromium, nickel, and phosphorous of the layers to diffuse and form a surface layer on a compound layer. The surface layer includes trivalent chromium, and the compound layer includes a ternary compound of chromium, nickel, and phosphorous.
F16J 9/26 - Piston-rings, seats thereforRing sealings of similar construction in general characterised by the use of particular materials
C23C 18/52 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating using reducing agents for coating with metallic material not provided for in a single one of groups
C23C 18/50 - Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel
C23C 18/16 - Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coatingContact plating by reduction or substitution, i.e. electroless plating
51.
Corona ignition device with improved electrical performance
A corona comprises a central electrode surrounded by an insulator, which is surrounded by a conductive component. The conductive component includes a shell and an intermediate part both formed of an electrically conductive material. The intermediate part is a layer of metal which brazes the insulator to the shell. An outer surface of the insulator presents a lower ledge, and the layer of metal can be applied to the insulator above the lower ledge prior to or after inserting the insulator into the shell. The conductive inner diameter is less than an insulator outer diameter directly below the lower ledge such the insulator thickness increases toward the electrode firing end. The insulator outer diameter is also typically less than the shell inner diameter so that the corona igniter can be forward-assembled.
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
F02P 3/01 - Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
H01T 21/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
A piston for a heavy duty diesel engine including a composite layer forming at least a portion of a combustion surface is provided. The composite layer has a thickness greater than 500 microns and includes a mixture of components typically used to form brake pads, such as a thermoset resin, an insulating component, strengthening fibers, and an impact toughening additive. According to one example, the thermoset resin is a phenolic resin, the insulating component is a ceramic, the strengthening fibers are graphite, and the impact toughening additive is an aramid pulp of fibrillated chopped synthetic fibers. The composite layer also has a thermal conductivity of 0.8 to 5 W/m·K. The body portion of the piston can include an undercut scroll thread to improve mechanical locking of the composite layer. The piston can also include a ceramic insert between the body portion and the composite layer.
B32B 15/20 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising aluminium or copper
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/16 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a particulate layer
B32B 9/00 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups
B32B 3/06 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers togetherLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/098 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
B32B 27/42 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
B32B 5/16 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B29C 43/18 - Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding materialApparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
F04B 53/14 - Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
F02F 3/12 - Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
F02B 77/02 - Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
F04B 39/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
B29K 277/00 - Use of polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides, as reinforcement
B29K 45/00 - Use of polymers of unsaturated cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic groups in a side-chain, e.g. coumarone-indene resins, as moulding material
B29K 105/12 - Condition, form or state of moulded material containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
B29K 279/00 - Use of other polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as reinforcement
A multilayer static gasket, stopper region containing distance layer therefor and methods of construction thereof are provided. The gasket includes at least one metal functional layer and at distance layer including a stopper region. The functional layer has a seal bead surrounding at least one passage to be sealed. The distance layer has a thickness extending between generally planar opposite sides, with each of the opposite sides of the distance layer having a plurality of protrusions extending outwardly therefrom and a plurality of depressions extending inwardly therein, wherein the protrusions and depressions form the stopper region. Each of the depressions extends into a separate protrusion, thereby forming an underside of the associated protrusion. The depressions extend into the opposite sides of the distance layer a distance that is equal to or greater than ½ of the thickness of the distance layer.
An igniter assembly comprising an ignition coil assembly connected to a firing end assembly by an extension, with a valve assembly disposed in a pressure chamber of the extension, is provided. The valve assembly includes a valve stem biased toward the ignition coil assembly by a spring to seal the pressure chamber. The valve assembly is used to evacuate contents from the pressure chamber by pressing the valve stem toward the spring and allowing contents of the pressure chamber to travel through and past the valve stem and out of the pressure chamber. The valve assembly is also used to fill the pressure chamber with an insulating medium by pressing the valve stem toward the spring and allowing the insulating medium to travel through and past the valve stem and into the pressure chamber after evacuating the contents out of the pressure chamber.
A coated backing plate for a brake pad and method of manufacturing a brake pad having a coated backing plate, where the coating for the backing plate includes a bond layer. The bond layer includes an inboard surface, an outboard surface, a closed pore network toward the outboard surface that faces the inboard surface of the reinforcement plate, and an open pore network at the inboard surface of the bond layer. The open pore network includes a recessed topology having a plurality of craters configured to interlock a friction material of a friction pad or one or more intermediate layers, such as a transition layer and/or a thermal barrier layer.
A coated backing plate for a brake pad and method of manufacturing a brake pad having a coated backing plate, where the coating for the backing plate includes a bond layer. The bond layer includes an inboard surface, an outboard surface, a closed pore network toward the outboard surface that faces the inboard surface of the reinforcement plate, and an open pore network at the inboard surface of the bond layer. The open pore network includes a recessed topology having a plurality of craters configured to interlock a friction material of a friction pad or one or more intermediate layers, such as a transition layer and/or a thermal barrier layer.
A pin including recesses extending longitudinally between opposite ends, and a piston assembly including the pin, for a two-stroke engine, is provided. The recesses preferably have a radius of curvature less than a radius of curvature of the remaining outer surface of the pin. The pin is rotationally fixed relative to the connecting rod. As the connecting rod swings back and forth during operation, some of the recesses rotate beyond the load bearing region of the pin joint where oil is located, allowing oil to fill the recesses. As the pin swings back, these recesses carrying the oil enter the load bearing region of the pin joint, transferring the oil with them. Preferably, at least one of the recesses aligns with an oil opening in the pin, which aligns with an oil hole in the connecting rod, to receive and distribute oil along the full length of the pin.
A bearing including a backing formed of a steel material, a lining formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a diffusion barrier layer disposed between the backing and the lining is provided. The diffusion barrier layer is formed of nickel or a nickel alloy and has a thickness ranging from 1 micron to 100 microns. The bearing is typically formed by cladding the lining or plating the steel backing with the diffusion barrier layer, bonding the lining and the backing with the diffusion barrier layer between, heating to a temperature of at least 400° C., and forming the bearing into a shape after or before the heating step.
F16C 17/20 - Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement characterised by features not related to the direction of the load with emergency supports or bearings
F16C 33/12 - Structural compositionUse of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
F16C 17/02 - Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
F16C 33/14 - Special methods of manufactureRunning-in
A bearing including a backing formed of a steel material, a lining formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a diffusion barrier layer (12) disposed between the backing and the lining is provided. The diffusion barrier layer is formed of nickel or a nickel alloy and has a thickness ranging from 1 micron to 100 microns. The bearing is typically formed by cladding the lining or plating the steel backing with the diffusion barrier layer, bonding the lining and the backing with the diffusion barrier layer between, heating to a temperature of at least 400° C, and forming the bearing into a shape after or before the heating step.
A piston assembly for a two-stroke internal combustion engine includes an upper part joined to a lower part by hybrid induction welding. The upper part includes an upper and lower walls radially spacing inner and outer walls to present an outer cooling gallery therebetween. The lower wall includes first portions extending radially inwardly from the outer wall to the inner wall above the skirt sections and second portions extending radially inwardly from the outer wall to the inner wall above the pin bosses. The first portions extend oblique to the center axis and undulate between the inner and outer walls to reduce the stiffness of the skirt sections. The second portions of the lower wall extend perpendicular to the center axis. Skirt sections of the piston include a lower portion with a greater radial thickness and containing ring grooves.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a coating applied to a ferrous body portion to reduce or prevent chemical bonding of carbon deposits or coking on the body portion at temperatures ranging from 200 to 400° C. The coating includes a fluoropolymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorosilane, fluorocarbon, fluoroplastic resin, and/or perfluoroplastic, and may be hydrocarbon or silicone based. The coating also has a thickness of 25 microns to 1 millimeter. The coating can be disposed on an undercrown surface, ring grooves, ring lands, pin bosses, and/or skirt sections of the body portion.
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a coating applied to a ferrous body portion to reduce or prevent chemical bonding of carbon deposits or coking on the body portion at temperatures ranging from 200 to 400° C. The coating includes a fluoropolymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorosilane, fluorocarbon, fluoroplastic resin, and/or perfluoroplastic, and may be hydrocarbon or silicone based. The coating also has a thickness of 25 microns to 1 millimeter. The coating can be disposed on an undercrown surface, ring grooves, ring lands, pin bosses, and/or skirt sections of the body portion.
A corona igniter assembly which is designed to reduce the amount of air gaps between insulating components and thus reduce electrical fields concentrated in those air gaps and the associated unwanted corona discharge. The assembly includes a high voltage center electrode surrounded by a ceramic insulator and a high voltage insulator. A dielectric compliant insulator is disposed between the ceramic insulator and the high voltage insulator. A layer of metal is applied to at least one of the insulators, for example the ceramic insulator. A compliant collet formed of a partially resistive material covers a sharp edge of the layer of metal to reduce the electric field and smooth the electric field distribution at the sharp edge of the metal layer.
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 13/38 - Selection of materials for insulation
H01T 13/44 - Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition
A steel piston designed to improve thermal efficiency, fuel consumption, and performance of an engine is provided. The piston includes a steel body portion and a thermal barrier layer applied to an upper combustion surface and/or a ring belt to reduce the amount of heat transferred from a combustion chamber to the body portion. The thermal barrier layer has a thermal conductivity which is lower than a thermal conductivity of the steel body portion. The thermal barrier layer typically includes a ceramic material, for example ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, and/or a mixture of ceria stabilized zirconia and yttria stabilized zirconia in an amount of 90 to 100 wt. %, based on the total weight of the ceramic material. The thermal barrier layer can also have a gradient structure which gradually transitions from 100 wt. % of a metal bond material to 100 wt. % of the ceramic material.
C04B 35/48 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their compositionCeramic compositionsProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxides based on zirconium or hafnium oxides or zirconates or hafnates
C23C 4/12 - Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
F02B 77/02 - Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
A corona igniter assembly which is designed to reduce the amount of air gaps between insulating components and thus reduce electrical fields concentrated in those air gaps and the associated unwanted corona discharge. The assembly includes a high voltage center electrode (40) surrounded by a ceramic insulator (32) and a high voltage insulator (28). A dielectric compliant insulator (30) is disposed between the ceramic insulator and the high voltage insulator. A layer (44) of metal is applied to at least one of the insulators, for example the ceramic insulator. A compliant collet (46) formed of a partially resistive material covers a sharp edge of the layer of metal to reduce the electric field and smooth the electric field distribution at the sharp edge of the metal layer.
A corona igniter including a hermetic combustion seal between an insulator and center electrode is provided. The combustion seal includes a metallic coating, such as a nickel-based layer applied to a layer of molybdenum-manganese, and the metallic coating is disposed on the insulator inner surface. Optionally, a shot of copper-based powder can be disposed on a head of the center electrode. The center electrode and/or the copper-based powder is then brazed to the metallic coating on the inner surface of the insulator. The process can include applying the metallic coating to the inner surface while applying a metal coating to an outer surface of the insulator. The method further includes brazing the center electrode and/or the copper-based powder to the metallic coating on the inner surface while brazing the metal coating on the outer surface to a metal shell.
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 13/34 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 13/08 - Mounting, fixing, or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
67.
STEEL PISTON CROWN AND/OR COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPONENTS WITH DYNAMIC THERMAL INSULATION COATING AND METHOD OF MAKING AND USING SUCH A COATING
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a crown formed of steel. According to one embodiment, a bond layer of a metal is applied to a combustion surface of the crown, followed by a mixed layer of metal and ceramic with a gradient structure, and then optionally a top layer of metal. The thermal barrier coating can also include a ceramic layer between the mixed layer and top layer, or as the outermost layer. The ceramic includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating is applied by thermal spray, HVOF, or wire arc spraying. The thermal barrier coating preferably has a thickness less than 200 microns and a surface roughness Ra of not greater than 3 microns.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
A component for an engine is provided. The component includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a body portion formed of metal, such as steel or another ferrous or iron-based material. According to one embodiment, a bond layer of a metal is applied to the body portion, followed by a mixed layer of metal and ceramic with a gradient structure, and then optionally a top layer of metal. The thermal barrier coating can also include a ceramic layer between the mixed layer and top layer, or as the outermost layer. The ceramic includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating can be applied by thermal spray. The thermal barrier coating preferably has a thickness less than 200 microns and a surface roughness Ra of not greater than 3 microns.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
A system and method for detecting resonant frequency of a corona igniter concurrent with operation of the corona igniter is provided. The method includes providing a plurality of pulses of energy to the corona igniter, each having a pulse duration and spaced from one another by a deadtime duration during which no energy is provided to the corona igniter. Each pulse duration is ceased before current flowing in the corona igniter crosses zero, and each zero crossing of the current occurs during one of the deadtime durations. The next pulse of energy is provided to the corona igniter in response to the zero crossing of the current. A resonant frequency value is then obtained based on a sum of the pulse and deadtime durations of two consecutive cycles, or the time between zero crossings. The resonant frequency values become more accurate over time, and the drive frequency is adjusted accordingly.
A firing tip for a corona igniter is provided. The firing tip includes a base formed of metal, such as nickel, and rivets formed of precious metal, such as iridium. The base includes indentations, and the rivets are disposed in the indentations of the base. The rivet has a melting point and/or wear resistance greater than the base. Typically, the indentations of the base include a concave surface and the rivets have a cylindrical shape matching the shape of the indentations. The rivets can be sharpened to a point. The rivets can include a first piece formed of precious metal and a second piece formed of nickel or nickel alloy, wherein an end of the first piece is welded to an end of the second piece, and the second piece is welded to the base. Alternatively, the rivets can be formed entirely of the precious metal.
An aluminum piston including a cooling gallery with titled inner and outer side walls is provided. The piston comprises a ring belt with a ring grooves, and an iron insert is disposed in a top one of the ring grooves. To reduce stress and mass of the piston, material located under the iron insert is removed, so that the outer side wall of the cooling gallery is tilted toward the center axis. The inner side wall of the cooling gallery is tilted away from the center axis.
A metal static gasket and method of construction thereof is provided. The gasket includes at least one metal layer. The at least one metal layer has opposite sides with at least one through opening extending through the opposite sides configured to register with an opening to be sealed and at least one raised annular seal bead extending at least in part about the at least one through opening. At least one protrusion extends outwardly from at least one of the sides, wherein the at least one protrusion prevents complete flattening of the at least one seal bead. The at least one protrusion has a plurality of discrete layers of metal deposited on one another via an additive manufacture process, wherein the protrusion is formed having a hollow region extending therein.
A galleryless piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston has a monolithic piston body including an upper wall forming an upper combustion surface with first and second portions. The first portion extends annularly along an outer periphery of the upper wall and the second portion includes a combustion bowl. The first portion can also include valve pockets formed therein to reduce weight. The upper wall has an undercrown surface directly opposite the second portion of the upper combustion surface. To enhance cooling, a center portion of the undercrown surface is concave, such that oil is channeled during reciprocation of the piston from one side to the opposite side of the piston. The concave center portion is axially offset from the surrounding area of the undercrown surface.
A piston capable of operating at a high temperature and consequently contributing to a high in-cylinder temperature, as well as reducing engine oil temperature, when used in an internal combustion engine, is provided. The piston includes an upper portion and a lower portion welded together to present a cooling gallery therebetween. The cooling gallery extends circumferentially around a center axis of the piston and is spaced the center axis. A partition is located in the cooing gallery and extends from one inner surface to another inner surface of the cooling gallery. The partition extends circumferentially around the center axis, and divides the cooling gallery into at least a first gallery portion and a second gallery portion. The partition can be formed as one piece with the upper portion or the lower portion. Alternatively, the partition can be formed as a separate piece from the upper portion and the lower portion.
F02F 3/18 - Pistons having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
F02F 3/26 - Pistons having combustion chamber in piston head
B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
A corona comprises a central electrode surrounded by an insulator, which is surrounded by a conductive component. The conductive component includes a shell and an intermediate part both formed of an electrically conductive material. The intermediate part is a layer of metal which brazes the insulator to the shell. An outer surface of the insulator presents a lower ledge, and the layer of metal can be applied to the insulator above the lower ledge prior to or after inserting the insulator into the shell. The conductive inner diameter is less than an insulator outer diameter directly below the lower ledge such the insulator thickness increases toward the electrode firing end. The insulator outer diameter is also typically less than the shell inner diameter so that the corona igniter can be forward-assembled.
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
F02P 3/01 - Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
H01T 21/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
A bushing formed of different alloys selected to accommodate different operating conditions is provided. For example, the bushing could include an iron-based alloy in a portion of the bushing exposed to lower temperatures, and a cobalt-based alloy in a portion of the bushing exposed to higher temperatures. The first and second alloys could be axially or radially aligned. The iron based alloy includes 10 to 30 wt % Cr, 0 to 21 wt % Ni, 0 to 10 wt % Mo, 0 to 5 wt % W, 0 to 3 wt % C, 0 to 4 wt % V, 0 to 20 wt % Co, and a balance of Fe; and the cobalt based alloy includes 10 to 30 wt % Cr, 5 to 21 wt % Ni, 0 to 10 wt % Mo, 0 to 10 wt % W, 0 to 3 wt % V, 0.5 to 3 wt % C, and a balance of Co.
F16C 33/12 - Structural compositionUse of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
F16C 17/02 - Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
B22F 5/10 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
B22F 7/02 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers
C22C 38/52 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
C22C 38/44 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
C22C 38/46 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
B22F 7/06 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
B23K 20/12 - Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by frictionFriction welding
An igniter, such as a corona igniter for an internal combustion engine, and a method of manufacturing the igniter, are provided. The igniter includes an insulator with enlarged upper and lower end regions extending axially beyond opposite ends of a constrained, reduced diameter region of a shell through passage. The enlarged lower end region of the insulator is disposed axially outwardly of a lower end of the shell. The insulator is hermetically sealed to the shell and is permanently fixed against being removed axially outwardly from the shell. The method can include conforming the shell to the contour of the insulator by plastically deforming the shell, or casting the shell about the insulator. Alternatively, separate pieces of metal can be disposed around the insulator to form the shell which is conformed to the insulator.
F02P 23/04 - Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
H01T 19/04 - Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
F02P 3/01 - Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
79.
Igniter assembly with improved insulation and method of insulating the igniter assembly
An igniter assembly comprising an ignition coil assembly connected to a firing end assembly by an extension, with a valve assembly disposed in a pressure chamber of the extension, is provided. The valve assembly includes a valve stem biased toward the ignition coil assembly by a spring to seal the pressure chamber. The valve assembly is used to evacuate contents from the pressure chamber by pressing the valve stem toward the spring and allowing contents of the pressure chamber to travel through and past the valve stem and out of the pressure chamber. The valve assembly is also used to fill the pressure chamber with an insulating medium by pressing the valve stem toward the spring and allowing the insulating medium to travel through and past the valve stem and into the pressure chamber after evacuating the contents out of the pressure chamber.
4). Typically, the coating includes a plurality of layers. For example, the coating can include a layer of the graphene and/or carbon nanotubes, and/or a layer of the magnetic nanoparticles. The coating can also include a layer of insulating material, such as enamel. According to another embodiment, the coating includes iron, nickel, and/or cobalt plated onto the wire core.
H01T 19/00 - Devices providing for corona discharge
H01B 1/02 - Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materialsSelection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
A wire for an ignition coil assembly and/or a corona ignition assembly is provided, The wire comprises a wire core including a copper-based material, and a coating applied to the wire core. The coating includes at least one of a carbon-based material and magnetic nanoparticles. The carbon-based material can include graphene and/or carbon nanotubes, and the magnetic nanoparticles can include graphene and iron oxide (Fe3Q4). Typically, the coating includes a plurality of layers. For example, the coating can include a layer of the graphene and/or carbon nanotubes, and/or a layer of the magnetic nanoparticles. The coating can also include a layer of insulating material, such as enamel, According to another embodiment, the coating includes iron, nickel, and/or cobalt plated onto the wire core.
A corona igniter assembly including an ignition coil assembly, a firing end assembly, and a dielectric compliant member is provided. The dielectric compliant member is compressed between a high voltage insulator of the ignition coil assembly and a ceramic insulator of the firing end assembly. During assembly of the corona igniter assembly, the dielectric compliant member pushes air outwards and forms a hermetic seal between the high voltage insulator and the ceramic insulation. The dielectric compliant member can have a rounded upper surface, which may improve the hermetic seal. Alternatively, or in addition to the rounded surface on the dielectric compliant member, the lower surface of the high voltage insulator can be rounded to push air outwards during assembly and provide a hermetic seal.
A steel piston with a bushing applied to pin bore surfaces by laser cladding or laser additive manufacturing is provided. The bushing is formed of metal, such as bronze, and metallurgically bonded to the steel of the piston. Thus, the bushing cannot fail by rotating relative to pin bore surfaces. The bushing has a porosity ranging from 0.05% to 5%, based on the total volume of the bushing, and a thickness ranging from 0.07 mm to 6 mm. Since the metal is applied directly to the steel by laser cladding or laser additive manufacturing, the overall size of the piston is reduced, compared to typical pistons with a separate steel backed bushing, and the possibility of bushing rotation is avoided. The bushing also provides scuffing resistance and increased unit load capacity of the pin bore.
B22F 5/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
B22F 7/06 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
F16J 1/14 - Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
B23K 26/34 - Laser welding for purposes other than joining
B23P 15/10 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass pistons
B23K 26/082 - Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
B23K 26/346 - Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups , e.g. in combination with resistance welding
B23K 26/144 - Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beamNozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
B22F 3/105 - Sintering only by using electric current, laser radiation or plasma
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
B22F 7/08 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
F02F 3/22 - Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
B23K 101/00 - Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
A component for an engine is provided. The component includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a body portion formed of metal, such as steel or another ferrous or iron-based material. According to one embodiment, a bond layer of a metal is applied to the body portion, followed by a mixed layer of metal and ceramic with a gradient structure, and then optionally a top layer of metal. The thermal barrier coating can also include a ceramic layer between the mixed layer and top layer, or as the outermost layer. The ceramic includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating can be applied by thermal spray. The thermal barrier coating preferably has a thickness less than 200 microns and a surface roughness Ra of not greater than 3 microns.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
C23C 4/073 - Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
A steel piston with anti-coking design features is provided. The piston includes an upper crown portion and a lower crown portion forming an outer cooling gallery therebetween. The outer cooling gallery is substantially closed except for an oil inlet, oil outlet, and optional oil passage(s) to a central cooling gallery. According to one embodiment, at least one anti-coking insert is disposed in the outer cooling gallery and sized to prevent escaping through the oil inlet or the oil outlet. For example, the insert(s) can comprise a helical coil, a plurality of steel balls, coil springs, or chips formed of polymer with abrasive filler. Alternatively, an outer gallery floor to the outer cooling gallery includes a plurality of anti-coking openings disposed sequentially in decreasing spaced relation from one another, or anti-coking openings with varying lengths.
LA CORPORATION DE L'ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE DE MONTREAL (Canada)
Inventor
Beaulieu, Philippe
Christopherson, Jr, Denis, B.
Farthing, Leslie, John
L'Esperance, Gilles
Sioui-Latulippe, Olivier
Abstract
A thermometric powder metal material for testing to replicate an actual powder material during use of the actual powder metal material in an internal combustion engine is provided. The thermometric powder metal material includes pores and has a decrease in hardness as a function of temperature according to the following equation: D Hardness / D Temperature = > 0.5 HV/°C. The properties of the actual powder metal material, when the actual powder metal is used in an internal combustion engine, can be estimated using the thermometric powder metal material by first adjusting the thermal conductivity of the thermometric powder metal material or controlling the porosity of the thermometric powder metal material to replicate the actual powder metal material, and then subjecting thermometric powder metal material to an engine test. For example, the thermal conductivity can be adjusted by infiltrating the thermometric powder metal material with copper.
B22F 5/00 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
C22C 38/04 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
C22C 38/08 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
C22C 38/12 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium or niobium
C22C 38/16 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
F01L 3/02 - Selecting particular materials for valve members or valve seatsValve members or valve seats composed of two or more materials
G01N 3/54 - Performing tests at high or low temperatures
G01K 3/04 - Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving mean valuesThermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving integrated values in respect of time
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
87.
Steel piston crown and/or combustion engine components with dynamic thermal insulation coating and method of making and using such a coating
A piston for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston includes a thermal barrier coating applied to a crown formed of steel. According to one embodiment, a bond layer of a metal is applied to a combustion surface of the crown, followed by a mixed layer of metal and ceramic with a gradient structure, and then optionally a top layer of metal. The thermal barrier coating can also include a ceramic layer between the mixed layer and top layer, or as the outermost layer. The ceramic includes at least one of ceria, ceria stabilized zirconia, yttria, yttria stabilized zirconia, calcia stabilized zirconia, magnesia stabilized zirconia, and zirconia stabilized by another oxide. The thermal barrier coating is applied by thermal spray, HVOF, or wire arc spraying. The thermal barrier coating preferably has a thickness less than 200 microns and a surface roughness Ra of not greater than 3 microns.
C23C 28/00 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and
An improved method of manufacturing a cast part by sand casting, permanent mold casting, investment casting, lost foam casting, die casting, or centrifugal casting, or a powder metal material by water, gas, plasma, ultrasonic, or rotating disk atomization is provided. The method includes adding at least one additive to a melted metal material before or during the casting or atomization process. The at least one additive forms a protective gas atmosphere surrounding the melted metal material which is at least three times greater than the volume of melt to be treated. The protective atmosphere prevents introduction or re-introduction of contaminants, such as sulfur (S) and oxygen (O2), into the material. The cast parts or atomized particles produced include at least one of the following advantages: less internal pores, less internal oxides, median circularity of at least 0.60, median roundness of at least 0.60 and increased sphericity of microstructural phases and/or constituents.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22D 1/00 - Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
B22F 9/10 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
C21C 7/00 - Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups
C22C 1/04 - Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
An improved method of manufacturing a powder metal material by water, gas, plasma, or rotating disk atomization is provided. The method includes adding at least one additive to a melted metal material before or during the atomization process. The at least one additive forms a protective gas atmosphere surrounding the melted metal material which is at least three times greater than the volume of melt to be treated. The protective atmosphere prevents introduction or re-introduction of contaminants, such as sulfur (S) and oxygen (O2), into the material. The atomized particles produced include at least one of the following advantages: median circularity of at least 0.60, median roundness of at least 0.60, less internal pores, less internal oxides, and an increased sphericity of the microstructural phases and/or constituents.
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powderTreatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
An improved atomized powder metal material containing an increased amount of free graphite after heat treatment and/or sintering is provided. The powder metal material is typically a ferrous alloy and includes carbon in an amount of 1.0 wt. % to 6.5 wt. % and silicon in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 6.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the powder metal material. The powder metal material can also include various other alloying elements, for example at least one of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), sulfur (S), phosphorous (P), boron (B), nitrogen (N), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta) zirconium (Zr), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba) magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K).
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
91.
RADIAL SHAFT SEAL ASSEMBLY WITH AXIALLY ADAPTIVE DEBRIS EXCLUSION FACE LIP AND OIL SEAL FACE LIP
A radial shaft seal assembly is provided including an inner wear sleeve having a cylindrical wall with a bore sized for tight receipt of a shaft therethrough and an exposed cylindrical outer surface. The inner wear sleeve includes an oil side flange and an air side flange extending radially outwardly from the inner wall in axially spaced relation from one another. The assembly includes an outer case having cylindrical outer wall configured for receipt in a housing. An elastomeric body is fixed to the outer case. The elastomeric body includes an annular serpentine portion extending radially inwardly from the outer wall to a radially innermost end. A main seal lip extends from the innermost end of the annular serpentine portion into sealed contact with the oil side flange. A dust lip extends from the innermost end of the annular serpentine portion into sealed contact with the air side flange.
F16J 15/3224 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip capable of accommodating changes in distances or misalignment between the surfaces, e.g. able to compensate for defaults of eccentricity or angular deviations
F16J 15/3256 - Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports with rigid casings or supports comprising two casing or support elements, one attached to each surface, e.g. cartridge or cassette seals
Le Corporation de L'Ecole Polytechnique De Montreal (Canada)
Inventor
Boisvert, Mathieu
L'Esperance, Gilles
Beaulieu, Philippe
Christopherson, Jr., Denis B.
Abstract
An improved atomized powder metal material containing an increased amount of free graphite after heat treatment and/or sintering is provided. The powder metal material is typically a ferrous alloy and includes carbon in an amount of 1.0 wt. % to 6.5 wt. % and silicon in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 6.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the powder metal material. The powder metal material can also include various other alloying elements, for example at least one of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), sulfur (S), phosphorous (P), boron (B), nitrogen (N), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta) zirconium (Zr), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba) magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K).
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
93.
COPPER INFILTRATED MOLYBDENUM AND/OR TUNGSTEN BASE POWDER METAL ALLOY FOR SUPERIOR THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
A sintered material for use in an internal combustion engine, such as a valve seat insert, is provided. The material includes a pressed base powder metal mixture and a Cu-rich phase infiltrated in pores of the base powder metal mixture. The base powder metal mixture includes at least one of Mo and W, and at least one additive, such as B, N, and/or C. The amount of the Mo and/or W is 50 wt. % to 85 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material. The at least one additive is present in a total amount of 0.2 to 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material, and the Cu-rich phase is present in an amount of 15 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material. The material also has a thermal conductivity of at least 70 W/mK.
C22C 29/00 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides
C22C 29/02 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
C22C 29/14 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on borides
C22C 29/16 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on nitrides
F16K 25/00 - Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
C22C 27/04 - Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
F01L 3/02 - Selecting particular materials for valve members or valve seatsValve members or valve seats composed of two or more materials
C22C 29/08 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
94.
PISTON RING-BELT STRUCTURAL REINFORCEMENT VIA ADDITIVE MACHINING
A piston including at least one insert disposed between an inner surface of a ring belt and undercrown surface, and/or between the inner surface of the ring belt and a pin boss, to provide reinforcement to the ring belt is provided. The insert reduces thermal and mechanical distortion of the ring belt, and thus increases the piston ring performance, reduces blow-by, and ultimately improves engine emissions. The insert is formed by an additive machining process, such as direct depositing, laser cladding, laser sintering, arc welding, additive welding, plasma transferred arc spraying, plasma welding, arc welding, selective laser sintering, and high velocity oxygen fuel spraying, plasma spraying. According to one embodiment, an intermediate piece is mechanically attached to the piston, and the insert is applied to the intermediate piece, to provide additional reinforcement.
A sintered material for use in an internal combustion engine, such as a valve seat insert, is provided. The material includes a pressed base powder metal mixture and a Cu-rich phase infiltrated in pores of the base powder metal mixture. The base powder metal mixture includes at least one of Mo and W, and at least one additive, such as B, N, and/or C. The amount of the Mo and/or W is 50 wt. % to 85 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material. The at least one additive is present in a total amount of 0.2 to 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material, and the Cu-rich phase is present in an amount of 15 wt. % to 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the material. The material also has a thermal conductivity of at least 70 W/mK.
C22C 29/00 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides
C22C 32/00 - Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
C22C 19/07 - Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
C22C 29/14 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on borides
C22C 29/02 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
C22C 38/18 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
C22C 29/16 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on nitrides
F16K 25/00 - Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
C22C 29/08 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
96.
Piston ring-belt structural reinforcement via additive machining
A piston including at least one insert disposed between an inner surface of a ring belt and undercrown surface, and/or between the inner surface of the ring belt and a pin boss, to provide reinforcement to the ring belt is provided. The insert reduces thermal and mechanical distortion of the ring belt, and thus increases the piston ring performance, reduces blow-by, and ultimately improves engine emissions. The insert is formed by an additive machining process, such as direct depositing, laser cladding, laser sintering, arc welding, additive welding, plasma transferred arc spraying, plasma welding, arc welding, selective laser sintering, and high velocity oxygen fuel spraying, plasma spraying. According to one embodiment, an intermediate piece is mechanically attached to the piston, and the insert is applied to the intermediate piece, to provide additional reinforcement.
A corona igniter (20) comprises a central electrode (22) surrounded by an insulator (26), which is surrounded by a conductive component. The conductive component includes a shell (34) and an intermediate part (36) both formed of an electrically conductive material. The intermediate part is a layer of metal which brazes the insulator to the shell. An outer surface (50) of the insulator presents a lower ledge (52), and the layer of metal can be applied to the insulator above the lower ledge prior to or after inserting the insulator into the shell. The conductive inner diameter Dc is less than an insulator outer diameter Dio directly below the lower ledge such the insulator thickness ti increases toward the electrode firing end (40). The insulator outer diameter is also typically less than the shell inner diameter Dis also that the corona igniter can be reverse-assembled.
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 13/44 - Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
A reversed-assembled corona igniter including an insulator, central electrode, and metal shell, wherein an outer diameter of the insulator increases adjacent a lower end of the metal shell to achieve an electrical advantage is provided. In addition, the insulator maintains strength because is not placed under tension during or after assembly, or once disposed in an engine. To achieve the increase in insulator outer diameter, the insulator includes a lower shoulder adjacent the shell firing end. An intermediate part, such as braze and/or a metal ring, is disposed between the insulator outer surface and the shell adjacent the shell firing end. To prevent tension in the insulator, the insulator can be supported at only one location between the insulator upper end and the insulator lower end, for example along the intermediate part.
H01T 13/36 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
H01T 13/38 - Selection of materials for insulation
H01T 13/50 - Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
H01T 21/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
H01T 13/44 - Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition
A power amplifier circuit for a corona ignition system is provided. The circuit Includes an inductor and capacitor connected to one end of a secondary winding of an RF transformer. The other end of the secondary winding is connected to a current sensor which is connected to ground. The transformer also has a primary winding with one end connected to a voltage supply and the other end attached to a pair of switches, The windings are wound around a core, Current flowing from the DC voltage supply to the switches causes a magnetic flux in the core. A voltage Is generated on the secondary winding by the current that flows through the Igniter. This voltage is fed back to the switches, controlling on and off timing, Voltage is provided to the corona igniter or pulled from the igniter when the current traveling into or from the igniter Is at zero,
An electrically conductive glass seal for providing a hermetic bond between an electrically conductive component and an insulator of a spark plug is provided. The glass seal is formed by mixing glass frits, binder, expansion agent, and electrically conductive metal particles. The glass frits can include silica (SiO2), boron oxide (B2O3), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and zinc oxide (ZnO); the binder can include sodium bentonite or magnesium aluminum silicate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and dextrin; the expansion agent cars include lithium carbonate; and the electrically conductive particles cm include copper. The finished glass seal includes the glass in a total amount of 50.0 to 90,0 weight (wt. %), and electrically conductive metal particles in an amount of 10,0 to 50,0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the glass seal.
H01T 13/34 - Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
