The present invention relates to a premix gas burner for combusting a premix gas comprising a fuel gas, said fuel gas preferably comprising at least 98% hydrogen, comprising an apertured tubular burner deck having a gas distribution facing inner surface and opposite combustion chamber facing outer surface, the burner deck having an open first end for receiving the premix gas and an opposite second end. an unapertured tubular insertion element positioned spaced apart from the inner surface of the burner deck, the insertion element having a gas distribution facing surface, wherein the insertion element has a closed first end, wherein the gas distribution facing surface of the burner deck (2) and the gas distribution facing surface of the insertion element delimit a gas distribution chamber between them that is closed at the second end of the burner deck, and wherein noise-reduction elements are provided in the gas distribution chamber.
The invention pertains to a premix gas burner deck plate, comprises: - a gas passage area, and - a heat transfer area, wherein the premix gas burner deck plate has a first plate thickness in the gas passage area and a second plate thickness in the heat transfer area, which second plate thickness is larger than the first plate thickness, and wherein the premix gas burner deck plate comprises a gas outflow channel which is adapted to during use supply premix gas to a combustion zone, which gas outflow channel is arranged in the gas passage area and extends through the first plate thickness from the distribution chamber side of the premix gas burner deck plate to the combustion zone side of the premix gas burner deck plate, and wherein the premix gas burner deck plate is made of cast aluminium.
The invention pertains to a premix gas burner, comprising: - a non-cylindrical burner deck unit, comprising a support portion between a circumferential edge and a operational burner deck area, - a cavity in which at least a part of the support portion is arranged, wherein the support portion extends between the first and the second cavity wall portion over a length which is at least half of the expected thermal contraction of the burner deck unit in the support portion plane when cooling the burner deck unit from maximum operational temperature to ambient temperature, and the cavity end wall portion is spaced apart from the support portion edge by a distance that is at least half of the expected thermal expansion of the burner deck unit in the support portion plane when heating the burner deck unit from ambient temperature to maximum operational temperature.
The invention pertains to a premix gas burner for combusting a hydrogen-containing premix burner gas containing a fuel gas containing at least 80 vol% of hydrogen, comprising: - a gas supply chamber to receive the hydrogen-containing premix burner gas, - a burner deck, comprising a metal burner deck plate, having a chamber facing surface and a flame facing free surface, and a plurality of gas outflow apertures extending through the metal burner deck plate allowing hydrogen-containing premix burner gas to flow from the gas supply chamber to a combustion zone adjacent to the flame facing free surface of the metal burner deck plate, wherein the metal burner deck plate is made of a metal having a thermal conductivity coefficient at room temperature of at least 80 W/(mK) and having a Young's modulus at room temperature of 150 GPa or less.
There is provided a gas burner that comprises a surface. The surface forms a burner deck comprising burner deck portions and a separation surface. The burner deck portions have holes. The separation surface is arranged to separate the burner deck portions from each other. Less than 5.0% of a surface area of the burner deck is formed by a combined surface area of the holes. The burner deck portions are adapted to define reaction zones extending over the burner deck portions. The holes are adapted to provide gas to be combusted in the reaction zones. The burner deck portions are arranged relative to each other to prevent the reaction zones from extending over the separation surface.
There is provided a premix gas burner system comprising a burner, a mixing chamber, and a control system. The mixing chamber is arranged to receive a flow of air and a flow of combustible gas to create a mixture. The combustible gas comprises at least 80% hydrogen. The burner has a surface forming a burner deck comprising burner deck portions and a separation surface arranged between the burner deck portions. The burner deck portions are adapted to combust the mixture in reaction zones extending over the burner deck portions. The burner deck portions are arranged relative to each other to prevent the reaction zones from extending over the separation surface. The control system is adapted to control the flow of air and the flow of combustible gas to modulate the burner to operate at a minimum load, an intermediate load, and a maximum load.
Method for starting a burner wherein a premixed gas comprising a combustible gas and air is supplied, wherein the combustible gas comprises at least 50% by volume of hydrogen. The method comprises the following steps: during a start-up phase: supplying premixed gas having a first lambda-value to the burner surface, wherein the first lambda-value is at least 1.85, and igniting the supplied premixed gas having the first lambda-value using an ignition source. During an operation phase after the premixed gas has been ignited: supplying premixed gas having a second lambda-value to the burner surface, wherein the first lambda-value is larger than the second lambda-value. Independent claims for a burner and a heating appliance are included.
The invention pertains to a wire mesh premix burner, comprising a non-cylindrical burner deck, having a high temperature region and a temperature gradient region, and a woven wire mesh. The woven wire mesh comprises a primary portion which forms the high temperature region of the burner deck and a secondary portion which forms the temperature gradient region of the burner deck. The secondary portion has a first section and a second section, both having a longitudinal direction. The longitudinal direction of the second section extends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first section. The first section comprises a plurality of bulges having a cross sectional shape in a first direction in the form of a wave. The second section comprises a plurality of bulges, having a cross sectional shape in a second direction in the form of a wave. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
The invention pertains to a method for operating a surface stabilized fully premixed gas premix burner. The burner is adapted to modulate between a minimum load and a full load, the ratio of the full load over the minimum load being at least 4. The method comprises the step of supplying a premix of combustible gas and air to the burner at an air to combustible gas ratio, the combustible gas supplied to the burner comprises at least 20% by volume of hydrogen, In the method, the air to combustible gas ratio of the premix which is supplied to the burner when the burner is operated at minimum load is set by a mechanism to be in relative terms at least 20% higher than the air to combustible gas ratio of the premix which is supplied to the burner when the burner is operated at full load.
There is provided a gas burner that comprises a surface. The surface forms a burner deck comprising burner deck portions and a separation surface. The burner deck portions have holes. The separation surface is arranged to separate the burner deck portions from each other. Less than 5.0% of a surface area of the burner deck is formed by a combined surface area of the holes. The burner deck portions are adapted to define reaction zones extending over the burner deck portions. The holes are adapted to provide gas to be combusted in the reaction zones. The burner deck portions are arranged relative to each other to prevent the reaction zones from extending over the separation surface.
Method for starting a burner wherein a premixed gas comprising a combustible gas and air is supplied, wherein the combustible gas comprises at least 50% by volume of hydrogen. The method comprises the following steps: during a start-up phase: supplying premixed gas having a first lambda-value to the burner surface, wherein the first lambda-value is at least 1.85, and igniting the supplied premixed gas having the first lambda-value using an ignition source. During an operation phase after the premixed gas has been ignited: supplying premixed gas having a second lambda-value to the burner surface, wherein the first lambda-value is larger than the second lambda-value. Independent claims for a burner and a heating appliance are included.
The invention pertains to a method for operating a surface stabilized fully premixed gas premix burner. The burner is adapted to modulate between a minimum load and a full load, the ratio of the full load over the minimum load being at least 4. The method comprises the step of supplying a premix of combustible gas and air to the burner at an air to combustible gas ratio, the combustible gas supplied to the burner comprises at least 20% by volume of hydrogen, In the method, the air to combustible gas ratio of the premix which is supplied to the burner when the burner is operated at minimum load is set by a mechanism to be in relative terms at least 20% higher than the air to combustible gas ratio of the premix which is supplied to the burner when the burner is operated at full load.
A premix gas burner (100) comprises a metal mounting plate (102) for mounting the premix gas burner in a heating appliance; a metal plate structure (104) and a burner deck (106). The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh on the outer surface of which premix gas is combusted after the premix gas has flown through the woven wire mesh. The woven wire mesh comprises a circumferential edge (108). The circumferential edge comprises a plurality of tabs (110). The mounting plate comprises a central opening. The burner deck is inserted through the central opening. The metal mounting plate or the metal plate structure comprises at least one ridge (112). The at least one ridge comprises at least one notch (114). Each of the tabs is positioned in a notch. The metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure are in contact with each other at the top of the ridge, such that the open side of the at least one notch is covered; and such that the tabs are held in between the metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure with play being present of the tabs relative to the metal mounting plate and relative to the metal plate structure.
A premix gas burner comprises a main body, a porous wall, a distribution chamber delimited by the main body and by the porous wall, and an entrance in the main body for introducing a premix of combustible gas and air into the distribution chamber. The main body comprises a cylindrical shape. The porous wall comprises a first porous wall segment and a second porous wall segment. The first porous wall segment and the second porous wall segment both comprise pores for the premix gas to flow from the distribution chamber through the pores, for combustion of the premix gas outside the distribution chamber. The first porous wall segment comprises or consists out of a shaped segment. The shaped segment is directed to the inside of the distribution chamber, such that when the burner is in use premix gas flows from the distribution chamber through the pores of the shaped segment to the inside of the shaped segment. The second porous wall segment comprises an annular porous wall segment. The annular porous wall segment is provided at the base of the shaped segment. The base of the shaped element is provided at the side of the shaped element opposite to the location of the entrance in the main body.
A heat cell comprises a premix gas burner and a heat exchanger. The premix gas burner is provided for the generation of flue gas by surface stabilized combustion of premixed combustible gas. The heat exchanger is provided for transfer of heat from the flue gas through the walls of the heat exchanger to fluid flowing continuously through the heat exchanger. The heat cell is alternatingly operated in burner-on and burner-off mode. During the burner-on-mode flue gas is generated by the premix gas burner. During the burner-off mode no flue gas is generated by the premix gas burner. During at least 50% of the burner-on mode the heat cell is operated such that in the heat exchanger liquid is condensed from the flue gas. During the final period of the burner-on mode before switching to burner-off mode, the heat cell is operated such that fluid in the heat exchanger is heated to higher temperatures than the average temperature to which the fluid is heated in the heat exchanger during the burner-on mode; such that during the final period of the burner on-mode the heat cell is operated in non-condensing mode and such that condensation liquid present in the heat exchanger is removed by evaporation.
A premix gas burner comprises a metal mounting plate (102), a burner deck, a metal plate structure (106), and a gas mixing chamber (108). The metal mounting plate comprises a plain section (107) for mounting the burner in a heating appliance. The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh (110) onto which the flames are stabilized when the burner is in use. At least part of the metal plate structure is perforated for the premix gas to flow from the gas mixing chamber through the perforations (112) of the metal plate structure before the premix gas flows through the woven wire mesh. The metal mounting plate has an opening (111). The woven wire mesh is inserted from the gas mixing chamber through the opening of the metal mounting plate. The metal plate structure is inserted from the gas mixing chamber through the opening of the metal mounting plate. The woven wire mesh is bent such that a flange (122) is provided along at least part of the circumference of the woven wire mesh. The flange of the woven wire mesh is along the circumference of the porous burner deck split in a plurality of flange segments. The opening of the metal mounting plate comprises two parallel linear sides. The metal mounting plate comprises a plurality of lips (116) at its inner circumference around the opening. The lips are folded over and grab into notches, slots or openings in the metal plate structure thereby clamping the metal plate structure firmly onto the metal mounting plate. The metal mounting plate comprises upstanding ridges (126) providing supporting elements onto which the metal plate structure is clamped by the lips of the metal mounting plate. The upstanding ridges of the metal mounting plate fit into openings between segments of the flange of the woven wire mesh, such that the flange is held between the metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure with play of the flange relative to the metal mounting plate and relative to the metal plate structure.
The premix gas burner comprises a metal mounting plate (102), a mixing chamber (108) and a porous burner deck (110). The porous burner deck encloses the mixing chamber. Combustion is stabilized on the porous burner deck after premix gas has flown from the mixing chamber through the porous burner deck. The burner also comprises a plate structure (106) comprising a plurality of perforations (112). The plate structure is provided in the mixing chamber for flow of premix gas through the perforations of the plate structure before the premix gas flows through the porous burner deck. The circumference of the porous burner deck has the shape of a rectangle of which the two short sides have been rounded. The plate structure has along its length an elongated section (131) and two end caps (133). Each of the end caps is provided at an end of the elongated section. The plate structure is provided via cutting and folding of a metal plate into the convex shape of the plate structure. The elongated section of the plate structure comprises at least one groove (135) created by deep drawing. The at least one groove is provided on the crest line of the plate structure. The at least one groove is convex in the same direction as the plate structure. In each of the two end caps two edges (137) of the metal plate join parallel to the length direction of the elongated section in order to form the end caps.
A premix gas burner comprises a composite porous substrate which comprises a fiber based textile fabric and a porous metal structure. The fiber based textile fabric is provided onto and contacting the porous metal structure. The fiber based textile fabric is provided for combustion of premix gas onto the fiber based textile fabric after the premix gas has flown through the composite porous substrate. The composite porous substrate comprises a conical shape. A rim is provided along the length of the conical shape. The rim is provided by contact of the internal sides or of the external sides of the two end strips of the composite porous substrate shaped into conical shape. The internal side of the composite porous substrate is the side internal to the conical shape. The rim comprises fiber based textile fabric and porous metal structure. The fiber based textile fabric is located at the inside of the conical shape. The porous metal structure is located at the outside of the conical shape. The rim is provided by contact of the internal sides of the two end strips of the composite porous substrate shaped into conical shape. The rim is directed to the outside of the conical shape. The conical shape has a first cone angle. The burner comprises an annular porous section. The annular porous section is connected to the conical shape at the cross section of the conical shape having the largest diameter. The annular porous section is flat or the annular porous section is frusto-conical with a cone angle larger than the first cone angle.
A cylindrical gas premix burner comprises a cylindrical perforated plate onto which combustion is stabilized when the burner is in use, a mixing chamber surrounded by the cylindrical perforated plate, an end cap attached at the first end of the cylindrical perforated plate for closing off the mixing chamber, and a flange attached at and onto the second end of the cylindrical perforated plate. The flange comprises a flat ring-shaped section for mounting the burner into a heating appliance, an upstanding ridge onto which the cylindrical perforated plate is attached; and a circular section for supplying premix gas into the mixing chamber. The circular section comprises one or a plurality of first openings for supplying premix gas into the mixing chamber. The circular section comprises within a circle sector one or a plurality of second openings for the supply of premix gas into the mixing chamber. The circle sector has a central angle of at least 30° and less than 120°. The combined open area of the one or the plurality of second openings is at least 8 % of the area of the cross section of the cylindrical volume enclosed by cylindrical perforated plate. The mixing chamber is free from any object restricting or redirecting the flow of premix gas from the circular section of the flange to the cylindrical perforated plate.
F23D 14/10 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
A heat cell comprises a cylindrical premix gas burner and a heat exchanger. The cylindrical premix gas burner comprises a mixing chamber, a cylindrical shell provided around the mixing chamber, an impervious end cap provided at a first end of the cylindrical shell, an inlet at the second end of the cylindrical shell provided for the supply of premix gas into the mixing chamber; and a textile fabric comprising heat resistant fibers. The cylindrical shell comprises a gas permeably burner deck onto which combustion is stabilized after premix gas has flown from the mixing chamber through the burner deck. The textile fabric comprises along the circumference of the cylindrical shell a fabric section extending freely at the side of the end cap in the length direction of the burner beyond the end of the cylindrical shell. The heat exchanger comprises a combustion chamber having an end wall. The cylindrical premix gas burner is installed in the combustion chamber. The fabric section of the textile fabric is configured for providing a seal along the circumference of the cylindrical shell between the end of the burner and the end wall of the combustion chamber when the burner is in use.
F23D 14/10 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
F24H 9/18 - Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
A premix gas burner comprises a metal mounting plate (102), a mixing chamber (108), a porous burner deck (110) and a plate structure (106). The porous burner deck encloses the mixing chamber. Combustion is stabilized on the porous burner deck after premix gas has flown from the mixing chamber through the porous burner deck. The plate structure comprises a plurality of perforations; and is provided in the mixing chamber for flow of premix gas through the perforations of the plate structure before the premix gas flows through the porous burner deck. The circumference of the porous burner deck has the shape of a rectangle of which the two short sides have been rounded. The plate structure is provided via cutting and folding a metal plate. In the assembly of the burner, the plate structure is deformed and allowed to recover such that in the burner elastic forces of the plate structure ensure that the plate structure is positioned against supporting elements of the metal mounting plate.
An element for a sectional heat exchanger comprises a combustion chamber for the generation of flue gas; a water channel; and two metal walls delimiting the water channel. At least one of the two metal walls is provided with pins extending perpendicularly from the metal wall for increasing the heat transfer from flue gas generated in the combustion chamber to water flowing in the water channel. The at least one of the metal walls comprises a first region in which the length of the pins is set by machining the pins such that the pins in the first region have a flat tip, such that all pins in the first region have the same length; and such that the flat tips are provided in a plane parallel with the metal wall on which the pins are provided. The at least one of the metal walls comprises a second region, provided in flue gas flow direction more upstream than the first region. Pins in the second region are provided in rows of pins of the same length; the rows are provided perpendicularly to the metal wall. In the second region pins in rows in flue gas flow direction further away from the combustion channel are longer than pins in rows in flue gas flow direction closer to the combustion channel. The at least one of the metal walls comprises a third region, provided in flue gas flow direction more upstream than the second region. Pins in the third region are provided in rows of pins of the same length; the rows are provided perpendicularly to the metal wall. In the third region pins in rows in flue gas flow direction further away from the combustion channel are longer than pins in rows in flue gas flow direction closer to the combustion channel. The at least one of the metal walls comprises a fourth region, provided in flue gas flow direction from the combustion chamber between the second region and the third region. In the fourth region the length of the pins is set by machining the pins such that the pins in the fourth region have a flat tip, such that all pins in the fourth region have the same length; and such that the flat tips are provided in a plane parallel with the metal wall on which the pins are provided.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
A premix gas burner (100) comprises a metal mounting plate (102) for mounting the premix gas burner in a heating appliance; a metal plate structure (104) and a burner deck (106). The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh on the outer surface of which premix gas is combusted after the premix gas has flown through the woven wire mesh. The woven wire mesh comprises a circumferential edge (108). The circumferential edge comprises a plurality of tabs (110). The mounting plate comprises a central opening. The burner deck is inserted through the central opening. The metal mounting plate or the metal plate structure comprises at least one ridge (112). The at least one ridge comprises at least one notch (114). Each of the tabs is positioned in a notch. The metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure are in contact with each other at the top of the ridge, such that the open side of the at least one notch is covered; and such that the tabs are held in between the metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure with play being present of the tabs relative to the metal mounting plate and relative to the metal plate structure.
A premix gas burner comprises a metal mounting plate (102), a mixing chamber (108), a porous burner deck (110) and a plate structure (106). The porous burner deck encloses the mixing chamber. Combustion is stabilized on the porous burner deck after premix gas has flown from the mixing chamber through the porous burner deck. The plate structure comprises a plurality of perforations (112). The plate structure is provided in the mixing chamber for flow of premix gas through the perforations of the plate structure before the premix gas flows through the porous burner deck. The circumference of the porous burner deck has the shape of a rectangle of which the two short sides have been rounded. The plate structure is provided via cutting and folding of a metal plate. The plate structure is attached to the metal mounting plate only along the long sides of the rectangular circumference of the porous burner deck.
A premix gas burner comprises a burner deck and a metal mounting plate comprising a plain section for mounting the burner in a heating appliance. The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh onto which the flames are stabilized when the burner is in use. The woven wire mesh comprises a flange at its circumference. Part of the metal wires of the woven wire mesh are welded onto the metal mounting plate within the region of the flange. Metal wires that are welded onto the metal mounting plate have a first end provided in a first zone of the flange, and the second end is provided in a second zone of the flange. Ends of the metal wires that are welded onto the metal mounting plate are only welded to the metal mounting plate in the first zone or in the second zone of the flange.
A premix gas burner comprises a metal plate structure, a burner deck and a shaped distributor plate. The metal plate structure is provided for mounting the premix gas burner in a heating appliance. The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh on the outer surface of which premix gas is combusted after the premix gas has flown through the woven wire mesh. The shaped distributor plate comprises perforations. When the burner is in use the premix gas flows through the perforations of the shaped distributor plate before the premix gas flows through the woven wire mesh. One or more than one slot or notch shaped opening is provided in the shaped distributor plate. The woven wire mesh comprises a circumferential edge comprising at least one tab. The tab or tabs is/are inserted through a slot or notch shaped opening in the shaped distributor plate.
The cast element comprises a combustion chamber for the generation of hot gas; at least one water flow channel for the flow of water to be heated; and two metal walls delimiting the water flow channel for exchanging heat between the hot gas and water flowing through the water flow channel. The at least one water flow channel is provided for water flow in counter direction to the flow of hot gas. The at least one water flow channel comprises a number of consecutive parallel straight segments. Two consecutive parallel straight segments are separated by an intermediate wall and by a U-turn. Each U-turn comprises an upstream section and a downstream section. The upstream section and the downstream section each are a 90° segment of the U-turn. A first U-turn comprises a through opening for the removal after casting of the sand core for forming the water channel in metal casting. The through opening is fully comprised in the upstream section of the first U-turn.
B22D 29/00 - Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main groupRemoving coresHandling ingots
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 1/38 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element
A cast segment for a sectional heat exchanger of a condensing heat cell comprises two cast walls, a combustion chamber for the generation of flue gas, and a water flow channel delimited by the two cast walls. The water flow channel is provided for the flow of water to be heated by flue gas via heat transfer through at least one of the two cast walls. The water flow channel comprises along its length a first section, a second section and a third section. In the first section intermediate walls are provided between the two cast walls such that a meandering flow channel is provided in the first section. The third section surrounds the combustion chamber over at least 330°. The second section connects the first section with the third section. The second section is parallel with and running along at least part of the third section. The average distance between the two cast walls in the second section is larger than the average distance between the two cast walls in the third section. The average distance between the two cast walls in the second section is larger than the average distance between the two cast walls in the first section.
F24H 8/00 - Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
A cast segment for a sectional heat exchanger comprises a combustion chamber for the generation of hot gas; a water flow channel for the flow of water to be heated; and two metal walls delimiting the water channel, for transferring heat between the hot gas and water flowing through the water flow channel. At least one of the two metal walls comprises at its outside protrusions extending perpendicularly from the metal wall to increase heat transfer from the hot gas to water flowing in the water channel. The water flow channel comprises a number of consecutive parallel straight segments. Two consecutive parallel straight segments are separated by an intermediate wall connecting the two cast walls; and by a U-turn. Between the two metal walls, outside the water channel, one or a plurality of air gaps is provided having in their cross section parallel to the metal walls a triangular shape, wherein two sides of the triangular cross section are curved. The tip of the triangular cross section where the two curved sides of the triangular cross section join is provided at an intermediate wall of the water channel. One or a plurality of the air gaps comprise an insertion, integrally cast with the cast segment. The insertion extends from at the intermediate wall of the water channel into the air gap. The insertion comprises a drilled hole with screw thread for the fixation of a hoisting eye.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
A premix gas burner comprises a main body, a porous wall, a distribution chamber delimited by the main body and by the porous wall, and an entrance in the main body for introducing a premix of combustible gas and air into the distribution chamber. The main body comprises a cylindrical shape. The porous wall comprises a first porous wall segment and a second porous wall segment. The first porous wall segment and the second porous wall segment both comprise pores for the premix gas to flow from the distribution chamber through the pores, for combustion of the premix gas outside the distribution chamber. The first porous wall segment comprises or consists out of a shaped segment. The shaped segment is directed to the inside of the distribution chamber, such that when the burner is in use premix gas flows from the distribution chamber through the pores of the shaped segment to the inside of the shaped segment. The second porous wall segment comprises an annular porous wall segment. The annular porous wall segment is provided at the base of the shaped segment. The base of the shaped element is provided at the side of the shaped element opposite to the location of the entrance in the main body.
A cast element comprises a first cast wall and a second cast wall. In between and bounded by the first cast wall and the second cast wall a channel is provided for the flow of fluid to be heated in the heat exchanger. The cast element comprises first pins protruding from the surface at the outer side of the first cast wall, for increasing the exchange of heat towards the fluid to be heated; and at least one through hole through the first cast wall on the surface of the first cast wall from which first pins protrude. The through hole(s) create a fluid flow connection through the first cast wall between the channel and the outside of the channel. At the outer side of the first cast wall the through hole(s) are surrounded by first pins protruding from the surface at the outer side of the first cast wall. The cast element is a mono-cast.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 8/00 - Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
F28F 3/02 - Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
B22D 31/00 - Cutting-off surplus material after casting, e.g. gates
F28F 11/02 - Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes or conduits using obturating elements, e.g. washers, inserted and operated independently of each other
A heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body made of light metal or light metal alloy. The body comprises a combustion chamber and a flue gas duct. The flue gas duct is provided for the flow of flue gas generated in the combustion chamber. The body comprises two walls at opposing sides of the flue gas duct. Each of the two walls comprises at least one flow channel for a liquid to be heated via heat transfer from the flue gas. Each of the two walls comprises pins, fins or ribs extending into the flue gas duct. The heat exchanger comprises an insert object provided in the flue gas duct. The insert object is an elongated object. The insert object makes contact with pins, fins or ribs of each of the two walls at opposing sides of the flue gas duct. The insert object comprises a part with a V- or wedge shaped cross section, with the bottom of the V- or wedge shape oriented in the average flue gas flow direction of the flue gas duct..
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F28F 1/40 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
F28F 9/00 - CasingsHeader boxesAuxiliary supports for elementsAuxiliary members within casings
F28F 9/22 - Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
F28F 9/24 - Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
F28F 13/06 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
A premix gas burner comprises a metal mounting plate, a burner deck and a metal plate structure. The metal mounting plate has a plain section for mounting the burner in a heating appliance. The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh onto which the flames are stabilized when the burner is in use. At least part of the metal plate structure is perforated for the premix gas to flow through the perforations before the premix gas flows through the woven wire mesh. The metal mounting plate has an opening. The woven wire mesh is inserted through the opening of the metal mounting plate. The woven wire mesh is bent, such that a flange parallel with the plain section of the metal mounting plate is provided. The flange is held between the metal mounting plate and the metal plate structure such that play is present of the flange relative to the metal mounting plate and relative to the metal plate structure.
A premix gas burner comprises a metal plate structure for mounting the premix gas burner in a heating appliance. The premix gas burner comprises a burner deck. The burner deck comprises a woven wire mesh on the outer surface of which premix gas is combusted after the premix gas has flown through the woven wire mesh. One or more than one opening is provided in the metal plate structure. The circumferential edge of the woven wire mesh comprises at least one tab. Each tab is inserted through an opening in the metal plate structure.
The gas premix burner (100, 700) comprises a cylindrical burner deck (110, 710) enclosing a mixing chamber. An inlet device (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720) is mounted perpendicularly to the axial direction of the cylindrical burner deck. The inlet device comprises a metal mesh (140, 240, 340, 440, 240, 640, 740) through which when the burner is in use, premix gas flows into the mixing chamber.
A cylindrical gas premix burner comprises a cylindrical burner deck onto which the flames are stabilized when the burner is in use; a mixing chamber inside the cylindrical burner deck; an inlet device mounted perpendicularly to the axial direction of the cylindrical burner deck for the supply of premix gas into the mixing chamber; and an end cap closing off the mixing chamber at the side opposite to the side where the inlet device is provided. The inlet device comprises a perforated metal plate. The perforations in the perforated metal plate are provided for the supply of premix gas into the mixing chamber. The perforated metal plate is dome shaped; such that perforations in the perforated metal plate are located at different height levels from the base of the cylindrical burner deck.
A sectional heat exchanger for a condensing heat cell comprises two end segments and one or more than one intermediate segment(s). The one or the more than one intermediate segment(s) and the two end segments are assembled in the heat exchanger. A combustion chamber is provided in the sectional heat exchanger. Each of the one or the more than one intermediate segment(s) comprises at least one water flow channel for water to be heated. Between each two consecutive segments at least one flue gas flow channel is provided, extending from the combustion chamber. The one or the more than one intermediate segment(s) each comprise a horizontal row of ribs extending into the flue gas flow channel in order to increase heat exchange from the flue gas to the water to be heated. Ribs at the two outer sides of the horizontal row of ribs have a larger height than ribs in the middle of the row of ribs. With height of the rib is meant the dimension of the rib in the vertical direction of the sectional heat exchanger. The more than one intermediate segment(s) each comprise a plurality of rows of pins extending in the flue gas channel to increase heat transfer.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
A condensing heat exchanger comprises a combustion chamber, provided at its top with room for the installation of a premix gas burner. The heat exchanger comprises a flue gas draft,delimited by walls, among which two water cooled walls between which flue gas can flow. Each of the water cooled walls comprises channels for water flow. The combustion chamber is bound at its top at least partly by the room provided for the burner;at its sides by a set of two first combustion chamber walls opposite to each other; and by a set of two second combustion walls opposite to each other; and at its bottom by the flue gas draft. The first combustion chamber walls are provided with channels for water flow. The first combustion chamber walls are provided as extensions of water cooled walls delimiting the flue gas draft. The two first combustion chamber walls each comprise a first segment and a second segment, located below the first segment. The first segments are each curved so that the section of the combustion chamber bound by the first segments widens in the downstream flue gas flow direction. Each of the two first segments is provided with channels for water flow. The second segments are each curved so that the section of the combustion chamber bound by the second segments narrows in flue gas downstream direction. The second segment of the first combustion chamber walls comprises longitudinal fins elongated in the direction away from the top of the combustion chamber and extending into the combustion chamber. The first segment of the first combustion chamber walls is smooth meaning that it does not comprise heat exchange increasing protrusions extending in the combustion chamber.
F24H 1/26 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
F24H 8/00 - Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
The heat exchanger comprises at least one gas flow channel, at least one water flow channel, and a metal wall delimiting the gas flow channel from the water flow channel. The at least one water flow channel comprises a number of consecutive parallel straight segments. Two consecutive parallel straight segments are separated by a wall and by a U-turn comprising an upstream section and a downstream section. The upstream and the downstream sections are defined as the sections of the U-turn delimited on the one hand by the plane of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments; and on the other hand by the plane through the end section of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments, the plane which is parallel with the width direction of the water flow channel and which is perpendicular to the plane of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments. In at least two U-turns the upstream section has a volume that is at least 20% lower than the volume of the downstream section.
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F28D 1/047 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
F28D 1/053 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
F28F 1/12 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
40.
INWARDLY BURNING SURFACE STABILIZED GAS PREMIX BURNER
The burner (100) comprises a cylindrical porous substrate (110); and an end cap (130) at a first end of the cylindrical porous substrate (110). The cylindrical porous substrate (110) is provided for flow of a premix of combustible gas and air from the outside of the cylindrical porous substrate (110) through the pores of the cylindrical porous substrate (110) to an interior cavity (140), for the combustible gas to be combusted on the inner surface of the cylindrical porous substrate (110) thereby generating hot gas. The burner has an opening (182) at the second end of the cylindrical porous substrate (110) to exit the hot flue gas out of the interior cavity (140). The cylindrical porous substrate (110) has a higher permeability section (170), located at the opening (182) at the second end. The higher permeability section (170) has a lower resistance to gas flow than other sections of the cylindrical porous substrate (110).
A sectional heat exchanger for a heat cell. The sectional heat exchanger having two end segments and one or more intermediate segment(s) provided between the two end segments which are assembled in the heat exchanger. A combustion chamber is provided in the sectional heat exchanger, perpendicular to the one or more intermediate segment(s), each of the one or more intermediate segments having at least one flow channel for a fluid to be heated. In between each two consecutive segments at least one flow channel for flue gas is present. The total width of the sectional heat exchanger decreases over at least part of the length in the direction away from the combustion chamber. The depth of the flow channels for flue gas decreases in the direction away from the combustion chamber. The distance between the two walls delimiting the intermediate segment increases in the direction away from the combustion chamber.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
The heat exchanger comprises at least one gas flow channel, at least one water flow channel, and a metal wall delimiting the gas flow channel from the water flow channel. The at least one water flow channel comprises a number of consecutive parallel straight segments. Two consecutive parallel straight segments are separated by a wall and by a U-turn comprising an upstream section and a downstream section. The upstream and the downstream sections are defined as the sections of the U-turn delimited on the one hand by the plane of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments; and on the other hand by the plane through the end section of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments, the plane which is parallel with the width direction of the water flow channel and which is perpendicular to the plane of the wall separating the two consecutive parallel straight segments. In at least two U-turns the upstream section has a volume that is at least 20% lower than the volume of the downstream section.
F24H 1/38 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
The invention discloses a sectional heat exchanger for a heat cell. The sectional heat exchanger comprises two end segments and one or more intermediate segment(s) provided between the two end segments. The one or more intermediate segment(s) and the two end segments are assembled in the heat exchanger. A combustion chamber is provided in the sectional heat exchanger, perpendicular to the one or more intermediate segment(s). Each of the one or more intermediate segments comprises at least one flow channel for a fluid to be heated. In between each two consecutive segments at least one flow channel for flue gas is present, which extends from at the combustion chamber. In between two segments, in the plane parallel with the one or more intermediate segment, the total width of the sectional heat exchanger decreases over at least part of the length in the direction away from the combustion chamber. The depth of the flow channels for flue gas, measured perpendicularly to the one or more intermediate segment(s)and between consecutive segments, decreases in the direction away from the combustion chamber. In the one or more intermediate segment(s), the distance between the two walls delimiting the intermediate segment and which are in heat exchanging relation with flue gas channels formed between segments, increases in the direction away from the combustion chamber, thereby increasing the depth available for one or more fluid flow channels in the intermediate segment.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
The invention describes a gas premix burner comprising a perforated plate, a woven wire mesh or an expanded metal sheet; and a woven, knitted or braided burner deck comprising metal fibers supported by the perforated plate, woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet. The woven, knitted or braided burner deck comprises at least a zone with a high density of at least 1250 g/dm3. The zone with a high density includes at least 25% of the surface of the burner deck
D03D 15/12 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material or construction of the yarn or other warp or weft elements used using heat-resistant or fireproof threads
F23D 14/02 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
Gas premix burner The invention relates to a gas premix burner (100), comprising • - a perforated plate (135), a woven wire mesh or an expanded metal sheet; • - a woven, knitted or braided burner deck (130) comprising metal fibers, placed on the perforated plate (135), woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet. The woven, knitted or braided burner deck is soft welded over at least part of its surface to the perforated plate, woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet.
D03D 15/12 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material or construction of the yarn or other warp or weft elements used using heat-resistant or fireproof threads
F23D 14/02 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
The invention describes a gas premix burner (100) comprising a porous combustion surface (120, 140, 142), on which when the burner (100) is in use combustion occurs after the premix gas has flown through it, a fiber based cloth (120) forming at least part of the porous combustion surface (120, 140, 142); and a perforated plate (110), a woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet. The fiber based cloth (120) is supported by the perforated plate (110), woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet. One or more zones (140, 142) of the porous combustion surface (120, 140, 142) is or are not formed by the fiber based cloth (120), but by another porous substrate. The one or more zones (140, 142) are along their full circumference surrounded by the fiber based cloth (120).
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
A premix gas burner comprises a burner deck which comprises a fiber based substrate and a perforated plate or a screen supporting the fiber based burner substrate. The premix gas burner further comprises at least two contact wires that are forming a thermocouple. The contact wires are directly or indirectly fixed to the burner deck to measure a temperature of the burner deck when the premix gas burner is in operation. The fiber based substrate is locally at least partly connected directly or indirectly to the perforated plate or the screen in the region where the contact wires of the thermocouple are directly or indirectly fixed to the burner deck.
A gas premix burner is provided that comprises - a perforated plate, a woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet; - a fiber based burner deck placed onto said perforated plate, woven wire mesh or expanded metal sheet; and - an ionization pen to measure the ionization current in the flame of the gas premix burner. The fiber based burner deck is thicker in at least part of the region where the ionization pen is located compared to other regions of the fiber based burner deck. The invention allows to use ionization current measurement for burner control over a broader load range of the gas premix burner.
F23N 5/12 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
F23D 14/14 - Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
F23D 14/16 - Radiant burners using permeable blocks
F23N 5/14 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
F23N 5/16 - Systems for controlling combustion using noise-sensitive detectors
F23N 5/02 - Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
The invention discloses a cylindrical premix gas burner (100) that is comprising a cylindrical burner deck (110), which is comprising a perforated metal plate. The cylindrical premix gas burner (100) is delimited by an end cap (1 15). At the opposite side of the end cap, an inlet disc (120) with perforations is provided for the supply of a premix of combustible gas and air into the burner and which is to be burnt on the outside of the cylindrical burner deck (110) after the premix gas has flown through it. The inlet disc is comprising - a multiple of perforations (130) for premix gas supply in a central zone of the plate, - and a multiple of perforations (140) for premix gas supply in the peripheral zone of the inlet disc (120). The porosity of the inlet disc is higher in the central zone than in a peripheral zone. The average surface area of the perforations in the central zone of the inlet disc is less than 20 mm2.
The invention provides a cylindrical premix gas burner (100) which is comprising a perforated metal plate as cylindrical burner deck (110). The cylindrical premix gas burner (100) is delimited by an end cap (118). An inlet disc (130) is provided for the supply of a premix of combustible gas and air into the burner. The premix gas is to be burned on the outside of the cylindrical burner deck (110) after the premix gas has flown through it. The inlet disc (130) is comprising a plurality of perforations for supplying premix gas supply into the burner. The inlet disc is having a centre point (150), which is where the central axis of the cylindrical premix gas burner (100) crosses the inlet disc (130). The inlet disc (130) is not permeable to premix gas at least within a circle with a diameter of at least 8 mm around the centre point (150).
A cylindrical gas premix burner (100) is described that is comprising - a cylindrical burner deck (110), wherein the cylindrical burner deck (110) is comprising a metal plate, and wherein the cylindrical burner deck (110) has a perforated zone, the perforated zone being the part of the cylindrical burner deck (110) that is foreseen with perforations in the metal plate, - an end cap (115), - an inlet (112) for gas premix at the opposite side of the end cap (115). The perforated zone is comprising - seen along the axis of the cylindrical gas premix burners - at least three sections, wherein a first section (140) at the inlet, a third section (160) located towards the end cap, and a second section (150) located between the first section (140) and the third section (160). The porosity of the second section (150) of the cylindrical burner deck (110) is at least 50% higher than the porosity of the cylindrical burner deck (110) in the first section (140) and then the porosity in the third section (160). The cylindrical gas premix burner (100) can be used in combination with an ionization pen (190) for efficient control of the air to gas ratio over a broad load range of the cylindrical gas premix burner (100). The cylindrical gas premix burner (100) can e.g. be used in boilers or in instantaneous water heaters.
The present invention relates to a premix gas burner. The premix gas burner comprises a burner deck (10) which is itself comprising a fiber based substrate (14) and a perforated plate (12) or a screen supporting the fiber based burner substrate (14). The premix gas burner further comprises at least two contact wires (18) that are forming a thermocouple. The contact wires (18) are directly or indirectly fixed to the burner deck (10) to measure a temperature of the burner deck when the premix gas burner is in operation. The fiber based substrate is locally at least partly connected directly or indirectly to the perforated plate (12) or the screen in the region where the contact wires (18) of the thermocouple are directly or indirectly fixed to the burner deck (10).
The present invention relates to a burner (10) comprising a fiber based burner deck (14), a perforated plate or a screen (16) supporting the fiber based burner deck, and at least one ionization probe (12). The ionization probe is installed at the burner side of the burner deck and defines a distance between the ionization probe and the burner deck. Near the ionization probe, the burner deck is partially fixed to the perforated plate or screen, so that the distance between ionization probe and burner deck remains constant during burning.
A premix gas burner (10) with a mixing chamber and a burner deck (12) of cylindrical or frusto-conical shape around the mixing chamber has an entry. A primary axial flow element (26), the so-called anti-noise tube, is inserted in the entry and guides part of the premixed gas and air' mixture into a mixing chamber. This primary axial flow element (26) has a first length L1, in the direction of the flow of the premixed gas and air' mixture and a first diameter D1, in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the premixed gas and air mixture.
A muffler for a heat engine such as burner and a heating system are described. The muffler comprises an inlet (100), an outlet (105) and a tube assembly (110) arranged between the inlet and the outlet. The tube assembly comprises an inner tube (112) having an inlet opening (112.1) in fluid communication with the inlet (100) and an outlet opening (112.2) in fluid communication with the outlet (105). The tube assembly (110) further comprises an outer tube (114), at least partly surrounding the inner tube (112), thereby defining a cavity (120) between the inner tube (112) and the outer tube (114), whereby a side of the cavity (120) arranged at an outlet side of the muffler is closed and whereby a side of the cavity (120) arranged at an inlet side of the muffler is provided with an opening, wherein said opening is slit-shaped (130). The muffler may advantageously be in a heating system including a heat engine, preferably in an upright position such that the inlet opening is arranged lower than the outlet opening.
An external combustion engine comprises an engine head to be heated on its outer surface, a burner housing placed over the head and connected thereto by mounting means, a burner element provided in the housing, a fuel feed delimiting an incoming flow path for delivering a gas-air mixture to an inlet of the burner element, a combustion space present at a front side of the burner element and extending along a first part of the outer surface of the engine head, a heat exchange space in flow communication with the combustion space and extending along a second part of the outer surface of the engine head, an outlet in flow communication with the heat exchange space, a gasket provided between the mounting means of the engine head and burner housing, and a cooling chamber extending along the mounting means for cooling the gasket. The combustion space and the heat exchange space form an outgoing flow path for hot combustion gases to exchange heat towards the engine head. A starting part of the fuel feed extends through the cooling chamber for cooling the gasket with a flow of the gas-air mixture before this mixture is delivered to the inlet of the burner element.
A gas burner (10), preferably a premix burner, comprising a support (12) which has a central gas inlet port for supply of gas into a gas supply chamber. The gas supply chamber is enclosed by a perforated metal plate (22). The perforated metal plate is connected at the bottom to the support through a base section. The perforations in the perforated metal plate provide a burner deck (20). The burner deck has an overall porosity which is equal to or lower than 11%. The present invention also provides use of this burner, e.g. in heat exchangers.
F23D 14/10 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
The invention relates to sand casting and more specifically to sand casting of a heat exchanger element with pins and/or fins. The invention provides a core box for sand casting of workpieces comprising pins and/or fins. The core box molding surface comprises at least one air vent and pins and/or fins. The at least one air vent is integrated in at least one pin or fin.
B22C 9/12 - Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
B22C 9/10 - CoresManufacture or installation of cores
B22D 25/02 - Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shapeSpecial casting characterised by the nature of the product of works of art
F24H 1/00 - Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
F28D 15/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls
60.
Heat exchanger element with a combustion chamber for a low CO and NOx emission combustor
The present invention provides a new heat exchanger element comprising a premix burner with an outward curved or ridged burner surface. The heat exchanger element further comprises a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is bound on one side by the burner and is further made up of water cooled metal walls which, starting from the burner and in downstream direction, first widen and thereafter narrow down to the width of a customary heat exchanger element. This creates enough space for a proper combustion, avoiding dead angles and recirculation or too early ending of the combustion reaction, thereby reaching low emissions of NOx and CO.
The invention relates to a method to manufacture an oxide sputter target. The method comprises the steps of providing a target holder; applying an outer layer of a sputterable material on the target holder by simultaneously spraying at least one oxide and at least one metal. The outer layer of sputterable material comprises a first phase and a second phase. The first phase comprises an oxide of at least a first metal and a second metal; the second phase comprises a metal in its metallic phase. The metal in its metallic phase forms discrete volumes arranged in or between the oxide of the first phase. The outer layer of sputterable material comprises between 0.1 and 20 wt% metal in its metallic phase. The invention further relates to an oxide sputter target.
A sputtering magnetron (300) insertable in a rotatable target is described. The magnetron is designed around a single piece, multiwalled tube (102, 202) with compartments (316, 316', 318, 318') extending over the length of the tube. The multiwalled tube gives a much stiffer magnetron carrier structure compared to prior art magnetrons. As a result, the magnetic field generator can be mounted inside a compartment and the distance between magnets and target surface is easily adjustable as the tube is much stiffer than the generator. Additionally, the coolant channels can be incorporated inside the tube and close to the outer wall of the tube so that coolant can be supplied in the vicinity of the magnetic field generator. The increased stiffness of the magnetron allows the target tube to be carried by the magnetron - not the other way around - at least during part of the useful life of the target. As a result thin target carrier tubes can be used as they don't have to carry the magnetron anymore resulting in a longer use of the target.
The present invention relates to a coupling system (10) to releasably clamp a cylindrical target (12) to a spindle (14) by means of an interface ring (22) and a clamping ring (26), whereby the interface ring (22) and the cylindrical target (12) have engaging surfaces comprising two or more circular grooves (18). In another embodiment the clamping ring and the interface ring are the same piece. The advantage of the present coupling system is that it allows a square fitting and avoids high mechanical stresses.
A fuel-fired, stand-alone, low NOx and low CO, flammable vapor ignition resistant heating appliance has a fully premixed burner disposed in its combustion chamber. The entire burner combustion air quantity is coming from the surroundings of the heating appliance, the at lease one burner being mounted airtight in the combustion chamber or the at least one burner secured with flame arrestors within the combustion chamber, the air entrained in the venturi system of the premixed burner being filtered before entering the plenum chamber of the burner. This filtering device caused the lint, dirt and oil entrained with the combustion air to be removed therefrom before entering and potentially clogging the burner. The slotted burner is designed to be flammable vapor ignition resistant. The system works in a fail-safe method, by switching of when the filter device gets clogged. The filter device being the only thing that should be replaced when maintenance of the system is due to shutting off of the fuel supply.
A heat exchanger, comprising a series of members, which members are intercoupled, wherein: the members each comprise a burner chamber with a burner position, a heat exchange area, a flue gas feed-through, a flue gas exhaust and a water-carrying channel with an inlet and an outlet; the members are each arranged for comprising a burner which at least partly extends in the respective burner chamber; the burner chambers of the juxtaposed members are in open connection to one another; and a first, second and third channel are provided, which interconnect the inlets, the outlets and the gas/air inlets of the different members, respectively.
F24H 1/32 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built-up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
F24H 1/46 - Water heaters having plural combustion chambers
66.
INSERT PIECE FOR AN END-BLOCK OF A SPUTTERING INSTALLATION
An insert piece (340) is described for introducing between the mounting base (314) and the end-block (310) of a magnetron sputtering installation. Such an insert piece replicates (320', 322') on one end the end-block interface (322) and at the other end the mounting base interface(320). Inside the insert, transfer rods (342) and tubing (444,444') are provided for the transfer of coolant, electrical current and motive force between the mounting base (314) and the end-block (310). The insert piece (340) is useful to adjust the distance between the target and the substrate. An advantageous embodiment of the insert piece incorporates resilient means into it for accommodating small movements of the end-block caused by thermal expansion or sagging of the target tube. In another advantageous embodiment, the inserts are so long that they cross the plane of the substrate. In this way a target can conveniently be mounted to coat the side opposite to the normal coating side of the substrate without the need for extensive refurbishment of the installation.
The invention relates to a rotatable sputter target and to a method to manufacture such a sputter target. The sputter target comprises a target material and a magnet array located at the interior of the target material. The magnet array defines a central zone extending along the major part of the length of the target material and defines an end zone at each end of the central zone. The target material comprises a first material and a second material. The target material comprises the first material at least on the central zone and comprises the second material at least on the end zones. The second material has a lower sputter deposition rate than the first material. The second material is preferably applied by thermal spraying.
The invention relates to a rotatable sputter target and to a method to manufacture such a sputter target. The sputter target comprises a target material and a magnet array located at the interior of the target material. The magnet array defines a central zone extending along the major part of the length of the target material and defines an end zone at each end of the central zone. The target material comprises a first material and a second material. The target material comprises the first material at least on the central zone and comprises the second material at least on the end zones. The second material has a lower sputter deposition rate than the first material. The second material is preferably applied by thermal spraying. The first material comprises a first element and the second material comprises a compound of the first element of the first material.
A heat exchanger, provided with a body with at least one flue gas channel and at least one water carrying channel and a burner, wherein the body comprises at least a first and a second body part, which body parts each comprise at least a first part which is of meandering design, which body parts are positioned relative to each other in a manner such that the meandering parts engage each other at least partly and therebetween a first part of the flue gas channel is formed, while each body part comprises at least a part of the at least one water carrying channel.
F24H 1/41 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes in serpentine form
70.
HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEATING APPARATUS PROVIDED THEREWITH
A heat exchanger, provided with a body with at least one flue gas channel and at least one water carrying channel, at least one burner space and at least one flue gas discharge, wherein the at least one flue gas channel extends at least partly between at least a burner space and at least one flue gas discharge and at least a portion of the at least one flue gas channel comprises at least one porous or gas-transmissive heat exchange element.
F24H 1/41 - Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes in serpentine form
F24H 9/00 - FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL Details
F28F 13/00 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
The object of the invention is an dryer in the dryer section (26) of a machine for treating or producing a web (12). This drying section (26) has, amongst other things, a burner assembly (10), wherein this burner assembly (10) is adapted to produce a flame (14) and exhaust gases (18). Either said flame (14) or the exhaust gases (18) or both are in direct contact with the web (12) to be dried. The flame (14) or the exhaust gases (18) or both cover the maximum width of the web (12) to be dried and this at a temperature exceeding 600°C, e.g. above 700°C, e.g. 800°C, preferably 1000°C and more. By applying such a high temperature to the web (12) to be dried, one achieves a large temperature difference, resulting in a better heat transfer. Considering the theoretical equation of heat transfer qx = kx. Ax.DTx,it is evident that because of the large temperature difference, the dimensions of the system can be reduced and/or the efficiency of the drying process can be refined. A further advantage of the higher energy transfer is that the drying process is accelerated and that the web can pass the dryer at high speeds.
The present invention concerns a convective system for a dryer installation for a passing web, more particularly paper. The convective system 7 is an assembly of an exterior casing 13 for suction of combustion products with opening 14 towards the web, with a first 15 and second 16 suction ducts sucking the combustion products into the convective system 7. The combustion products coming from the first suction duct 15 are guided through the exterior casing 13 to a mixing and blowing device 17. Cold air 18 is mixed in this mixing and blowing device 17 with the combustion products 19, resulting in a gas mixture with lower temperature 20. The convective system 7 also has an internal casing 21 inside the external casing 13. This internal casing 21 has at least one opening towards the web 22 and has also openings 34 allowing gas flow from the mixing device 17 to the internal casing 21 of said gas mixture 20. Under the internal casing 21, there is also a blowing duct 23. The second suction duct 16 is also arranged under this internal casing 21 thereby extracting a second flow of combustion products 24 into the internal casing 21. This second flow 24 of combustion products is then mixed with the gas mixture 20 coming from the mixing device 17, resulting in a mixture of gasses 25 with a temperature that is higher than the first gas mixture 20 and higher than e.g. 350 °C or 370 °C, more preferably 390 °C or 410 °C, even more preferably 420 °C, 450 °C or 500 °C. These hot gasses 25 are then blown to the drying web by the blowing duct 23 of the internal casing 21.
F26B 3/30 - Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
F26B 13/10 - Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materialsControlling movement, tension or position of materials
F26B 13/20 - Supporting materials by fluid jets, e.g. air
D21F 5/00 - Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
A module to carry targets in a sputter deposition installation for coating two-sided substrates is described. The module is mountable to the installation through an interface flange that carries at least two targets with their associated magnet systems. When the module is mounted, the targets take positions at opposite sides of the two-sided substrate, while the magnet systems orient the sputter deposition towards the substrate. The module enables coating of both sides of the substrate in one single pass. Different configurations are described with gas distribution systems and additional substrate supports. An enclosure with adjustable blinds in order to reduce gas spreading is also included.
patents
