Continuous charcoal production system in a vertical reactor with a concentric charging zone (1) and drying zone (2), a carbonization zone (3), a cooling zone (4) and a discharge zone (5), and a method for recovering energy from carbonization gases for the production of this charcoal, comprising the extraction of carbonization gas from the drying zone (2) and subdividing it into recirculating gas and heating gas, with the remaining gas exceeding the energy required to generate electricity; burning the heating gas in a hot gas generator (11); injecting the recirculating gas into a heat recovery unit (9); injecting the heating gas after combustion into the heat recovery unit (9), indirect heating of the recirculating gas; and reinjecting the heated recirculating gas into the carbonization zone (3) of the reactor (R).
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10B 21/22 - Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels
C10B 31/02 - Charging devices for coke ovens for charging vertically
C10B 41/08 - Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke for the withdrawal of the distillation gases
C10B 49/04 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
Continuous charcoal production system in a vertical reactor with a concentric charging zone (1) and a drying zone (2) concentrically arranged, a carbonization zone (3), a cooling zone (4) and a discharge zone (5), and a method for recovering energy from carbonization gases for the production of this charcoal, comprising extracting the carbonization gas from the drying zone (2) and subdividing it into recirculating gas and heating gas, with the remaining gas exceeding the energy required to generate electricity; burning the heating gas in a hot gas generator (11); injecting the recirculating gas into a heat recovery unit (9); injecting the heating gas after combustion into the heat recovery unit (9) for indirectly heating the recirculating gas; and reinjecting the heated recirculating gas into the carbonization zone (3) of the reactor (R).
C10B 49/02 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
3.
PROCESS AND REACTOR FOR CONTINUOUS CHARCOAL PRODUCTION
Continuous charcoal production system in a vertical reactor with a concentric charging zone (1) and a drying zone (2) concentrically arranged, a carbonization zone (3), a cooling zone (4) and a discharge zone (5), and a method for recovering energy from carbonization gases for the production of this charcoal, comprising extracting the carbonization gas from the drying zone (2) and subdividing it into recirculating gas and heating gas, with the remaining gas exceeding the energy required to generate electricity; burning the heating gas in a hot gas generator (11); injecting the recirculating gas into a heat recovery unit (9); injecting the heating gas after combustion into the heat recovery unit (9) for indirectly heating the recirculating gas; and reinjecting the heated recirculating gas into the carbonization zone (3) of the reactor (R).
C10B 49/02 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
4.
Automatic system and method for measuring and machining the end of tubular elements
The present invention relates to an automatic system for measuring and machining pipe ends having measuring equipment that has an internal laser sensor and an external laser sensor. The system can also have a machining station that has at least one machining tool for machining the inner diameter of the pipe and at least one machining tool for machining the outer diameter of the pipe, which are centralized and operated independently of each other. In some embodiments, the system has an electronic interface central between the measuring equipment and the machining tools, having records of critical values of outer diameter and inner diameter for the pipe end, the electronic interface central receiving measured values of outer and inner diameters from the measuring equipment, comparing them with the critical values, and controlling the operation of the machining tools as a function of the result of the comparison.
B23B 5/08 - Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular workAccessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathesCentreless turning
B23Q 17/24 - Arrangements for indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics
G01B 11/12 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
G01N 21/952 - Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
G01N 21/954 - Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
G01B 11/08 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
B23Q 17/20 - Arrangements for indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
5.
AUTOMATIC SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING AND MACHINING THE END OF TUBULAR ELEMENTS
The present invention relates to an automatic system for measuring and machining the end of pipes comprising: measuring equipment (1) having an inner laser sensor (3) and an outer laser sensor (2) for measuring the inner and outer diameters of the pipe end; a machining station (5) having at least one tool for machining the inner diameter of the pipe (14) and at least one tool for machining the outer diameter of the pipe (12, 13), the tools being centrally operated independently of each other; an electronic central unit that provides an interface (6) between the measuring equipment and the machining tools, and comprises records of critical values of the outer and inner diameters of the pipe ends, wherein the central electronic interface (6) receives the measured values of the outer and inner diameters from the measuring equipment, compares these values with the critical values, and controls the operation of the machining tools (12, 13, 14) according to the result from the comparison, in order to bring the real values of the outer and inner pipe diameters close to the critical values.
The present invention relates to a tower (1) for generating wind power, comprising at least three columns (3) extending from a base of the tower up to the upper end thereof, each column (3) comprising a plurality of interconnected tubular elements and a plurality of tubular elements mounted in the form of a trellis (4) between the columns (3) thereby forming the structure from the base to the upper end of the tower (1).
The present invention relates to a martensitic-ferritic stainless steel with high corrosion resistance that comprises the following chemical composition: C: from 5 0.005 to 0.030%; Si: from 0.10 to 0.40%; Mn from 0.20 to 0.80%; P: 0.020% max; S: 0.005% max; Cr: from 13 to 15%; Ni: from 4.0 to 6.0%; Mo: from 2.0 to 4.5%; V: from 0.01 to 0.10%; Nb: from 0.01 to 0.50%; N: from 0.001 to 0.070%; Al: from 0.001 to 0.060%; Ti: from 0.001 to 0.050%; Cu: from 0.01 to 1.50%; O: 0.005% max (all in weight percent), wherein the balance is performed by Fe and unavoidable impurities 10 from the industrial possessing in acceptable levels. Additionally, the martensitic- ferritic stainless steel of the present invention has the localized corrosion parameter (LCP), between 3.2 and 6.2, as defined by equation below; LCP = 0.500-%Cr + 1.287 ⋅ %Mo + 1.308⋅%N —5.984 The present invention also relates to a manufactured product comprising the martensitic-ferritic stainless steel of the invention; to a process for 15 production of forged or rolled parts or bars; and to a process for production of seamless tube from this martensitic-ferritic stainless steel of the present invention, wherein the processes of the invention have a heating temperature in determined step following the equation below: TProc - 16.9 * %Cr -49.9 *%Mo > 535
The present invention relates to a multilayer pipe (1 ) comprising a base tube (10) of metallic material and at least one outer coating tube (30) of metallic material disposed coaxially and externally in relation to the base tube, and the base tube (10) and the at least one outer coating tube (30) are mechanically bonded together with an interference fit, and metallurgically bonded. The multilayer pipe is a tube which has a homogeneous distribution of material along its longitudinal length.
A process for producing a multilayer pipe by expansion is disclosed, with or without heating, in which a multilayer pipe (1 ) comprises at least one outer pipe of metallic material (10) and an inner pipe of metallic material (20), the inner pipe of metallic material (20) having a yield strength lower than the yield strength of the outer pipe (23) and an external diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the outer pipe. The process for producing the multilayer pipe comprises a mounting step (34) between the pipes (10, 20), wherein the inner pipe is inserted inside the outer pipe, and at least one mechanical expansion step (36), comprising moving a mandrel (2) longitudinally and internally in the inner pipe (20) while the outer pipe and the inner pipe are held at a fixed position, wherein at least part of the mandrel (2) has a greater external diameter than the internal diameter of the inner pipe. When the pipes are subjected to a process of cold expansion, a "lined pipe" is obtained, which is characterized by mechanical bonding between the pipes. When the pipes are subjected to a process of hot expansion, a "clad pipe" is obtained, which is characterized by metallurgical bonding between the pipes.
B21C 37/06 - Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided forManufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hosesCombined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
B21C 37/15 - Making tubes of special shapeMaking the fittings
B23P 11/02 - Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsConnecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by making force fits
The invention relates to a process for producing a multilayer pipe (1 ) from a tubular element having a metallurgical bond comprising at least one outer pipe (10) of metallic material and one inner pipe (20) of metallic material arranged within the outer pipe, the inner surface of the outer pipe (10) being mechanically bonded to the outer surface of the inner pipe (20) at least in parts of their interface, in which, in a production line, the tubular element is simultaneously heated and drawn, wherein each portion of the tubular element is submitted to heating by induction and then to hot-drawing, wherein the tubular element is drawn with a mandrel located therein. Through this process, the existing mechanical connection between the pipes is trans- formed in a metallurgical connection. The invention also relates to a multilayer pipe (1 ) produced for this process, wherein the outer pipe (10) is made of a carbon manganese steel alloy and the inner pipe (2) is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy.
B21C 1/24 - Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by means other than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, rods or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
B21C 9/00 - Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
B21C 37/06 - Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided forManufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hosesCombined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
B21C 37/15 - Making tubes of special shapeMaking the fittings
B23P 11/02 - Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsConnecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by making force fits
The invention relates to a process for producing a multilayer pipe (1 ) from a tubular element having a metallurgical bond comprising at least one outer pipe (10) of metallic material and one inner pipe (20) of metallic material arranged within the outer pipe, the inner surface of the outer pipe (10) being mechanically bonded to the outer surface of the inner pipe (20) at least in parts of their interface, in which, in a production line, the tubular element is simultaneously heated and drawn, wherein each portion of the tubular element is submitted to heating by induction and then to hot-drawing, wherein the tubular element is drawn with a mandrel located therein. Through this process, the existing mechanical connection between the pipes is trans- formed in a metallurgical connection. The invention also relates to a multilayer pipe (1 ) produced for this process, wherein the outer pipe (10) is made of a carbon manganese steel alloy and the inner pipe (2) is made of a corrosion-resistant alloy.
B21C 37/15 - Making tubes of special shapeMaking the fittings
B23P 11/02 - Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsConnecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by making force fits
B21C 37/06 - Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided forManufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hosesCombined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
B21C 1/24 - Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by means other than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, rods or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels
B21C 9/00 - Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
12.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MULTILAYER PIPE BY EXPANSION AND MULTILAYER PIPE PRODUCED BY SAID PROCESS
A process for producing a multilayer pipe by expansion is disclosed, with or without heating, in which a multilayer pipe (1 ) comprises at least one outer pipe of metallic material (10) and an inner pipe of metallic material (20), the inner pipe of metallic material (20) having a yield strength lower than the yield strength of the outer pipe (23) and an external diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the outer pipe. The process for producing the multilayer pipe comprises a mounting step (34) between the pipes (10, 20), wherein the inner pipe is inserted inside the outer pipe, and at least one mechanical expansion step (36), comprising moving a mandrel (2) longitudinally and internally in the inner pipe (20) while the outer pipe and the inner pipe are held at a fixed position, wherein at least part of the mandrel (2) has a greater external diameter than the internal diameter of the inner pipe. When the pipes are subjected to a process of cold expansion, a "lined pipe" is obtained, which is characterized by mechanical bonding between the pipes. When the pipes are subjected to a process of hot expansion, a "clad pipe" is obtained, which is characterized by metallurgical bonding between the pipes.
B21C 37/15 - Making tubes of special shapeMaking the fittings
B23P 11/02 - Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsConnecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by making force fits
B21C 37/06 - Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided forManufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hosesCombined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
patents
