The present invention provides a fuel oil which can be used in an internal combustion engine equipped with a combustion chamber that is so adapted that a fuel oil and a gas containing 65 vol% or more of oxygen can undergo combustion therein, and which generates an exhaust gas such as NOX or THC in a reduced amount.
Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to microporous membrane, methods for making microporous membrane, and the use of microporous membrane as battery separator film. More particularly, the invention relates to a microporous polymeric membrane including a paraxylylene polymer or copolymer, particularly in combination with a polymeric microporous membrane. The paraxylylene polymer or copolymer can be formed on or laminated to the microporous polymeric membrane.
The invention generally relates to polymeric microporous membranes, and more particularly relates to liquid-permeable multilayer polymeric membranes having one or more filled microlayers, methods for producing these membranes, and the use of these membranes as battery separator film.
The invention generally relates to polymer film, and more particularly relates to liquid-permeable microlayer polymeric membranes, methods for producing such membranes, and the use of such membranes as battery separator film. In an embodiment, the invention relates to liquid-permeable microporous membranes comprising microlayers.
The invention relates to layered microporous membranes having blend regions located between interior layers or in some cases the blend regions are in surface contact with one another. The invention also relates to methods for making such a membrane and methods for using such a membrane, e.g., as a battery separator.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
B29C 69/00 - Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups , e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniquesApparatus therefor
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
6.
MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE, BATTERY SEPARATOR AND BATTERY
A microporous polymeric membrane having excellent properties for use as a battery separator is provided. The membrane is produced by heat-setting the microporous polymeric membrane in at least an upstream stage and a downstream stage, the temperature of the upstream stage being at least 15°C cooler than the temperature of the downstream stage.
A microporous polymeric membrane having excellent properties for use as a battery separator is provided. The membrane is produced by stretching and then heat-setting the microporous polymeric membrane in at least an upstream stage and a downstream stage, the temperature of the upstream stage being at least 15°C cooler than the temperature of the downstream stage.
The invention relates to a microporous membrane having an improved balance of important properties such as melt down temperature and thickness fluctuations. The invention also relates to a system and method for producing such a membrane, the use of such a membrane as a battery separator film, batteries containing such a membrane, and the use of such batteries as a power source in, e.g., electric and hybrid electric vehicles.
The invention relates to a multilayer microporous membrane comprising polyethylene and polypropylene and having an improved balance of properties including improved thickness variation in at least one planar direction. The invention also relates to a system and method for producing such a membrane, the use of such a membrane as a battery separator film, and batteries containing such a membrane.
A tenter clip closer of the present invention has a first closer comprising a cam and a second closer comprising a freely rotatable disk. A tenter clip opening apparatus of the present invention comprises plate-shaped opener fixed rotatably and also driven by a forcing means to resist clip arm, and when an abnormal force acts on the plate-shaped opener because of malfunctioning clips, the plate-shaped opener pivots away from the malfunctioning clip against the forcing means. A device used for detecting defective tenter clips of the present invention has at least one tenter clip actuator for opening or closing the tenter clips. When the force exceeds a reference value, a signal from the monitoring means automatically activates a counter for automatically counting the number of clips that have contacted the actuator after the malfunctioning clip.
The invention relates to a method for removing diluent from a polymer extrudate, especially in connection with a process for producing a microporous membrane. The method involves contacting the extrudate with a second solvent in a first stage; contacting the extrudate from the first stage with a third solvent in a second stage; conducting a first stream away from the first stage and/or conducting a second stream away from the second stage; and cooling at least a portion of the first and/or second stream and separating therefrom at least one of a first phase rich in the second solvent or a second phase rich in the third solvent.
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
12.
A METHOD FOR REMOVING DILUENT FROM A POLYMER EXTRUDATE, AND ITS APPLICATIONS
The invention relates to a method for removing a process solvent (P-sol) from a polymer extrudate, especially in connection with a process for producing a microporous membrane. The method involves contacting the extrudate with chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) and hydrofluoroether (HFE) in a first stage; contacting the extrudate from the first stage with HFE in a second stage; combining the first and second waste streams and then separating the P-sol from the combined streams to make an HFE-CHC stream; cooling the HFE-CHC stream to make an HFE-rich phase and a CHC-rich phase; and conducting the CHC-rich phase and/or the HFE-rich phase to step (A).
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
13.
MICROPOROUS FILMS, METHODS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF
The invention relates to a microporous membrane having a relatively low heat shrinkage values along planar axes of the membrane. The invention also relates to a battery separator formed by such microporous membrane, and a battery comprising such a separator. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for making the multi-layer, microporous polyolefin membrane, a method for making a battery using such a membrane as a separator, and a method for using such a battery.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to microporous polymeric membrane having a good balance of rupture temperature and air permeability. The invention also relates to a battery separator formed by such a microporous membrane, and a battery comprising such a separator. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for making the microporous polymeric membrane, a method for making a battery using such a membrane as a separator, and a method for using such a battery.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to a multi-layer, microporous polyolefm membrane having appropriate permeability, pin puncture strength, shutdown temperature, shutdown speed, meltdown temperature, and thickness uniformity. The invention also relates to a battery separator formed by such multi-layer, microporous membrane, and a battery comprising such a separator. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for making the multi-layer, microporous polyolefm membrane, a method for making a battery using such a membrane as a separator, and a method for using such a battery.
The invention relates to a multi-layer, microporous membrane having appropriate permeability, pin puncture strength, shutdown temperature, shutdown speed, meltdown temperature, and thickness uniformity. The invention also relates to a battery separator formed by such multi-layer, microporous membrane, and a battery comprising such a separator. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for making the multi-layer, microporous polyolefm membrane, a method for making a battery using such a membrane as a separator, and a method for using such a battery.
The invention relates to a twin screw extruder (10) for preparing a polymeric solution. The extruder includes an elongated housing (16) having an inlet end (18), an outlet end (20), an extruder shaft length L and a pair of interconnecting bores (22) disposed within the housing, a pair of elongated extruder shafts (34), each having an axis of rotation, the pair of elongated extruder shafts disposed within the pair of interconnecting bores and drivable in at least one direction of rotation, a plurality of extruder screw segments positioned along the pair of elongated extruder shafts in a fixed angular relationship therewith, the plurality of extruder screw segments selected to form multiple extruder stages. The invention also relates to a process for extruding a mixture of polymer and diluent.
B29B 7/48 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
18.
EXTRUDER HAVING DUAL MIXING STAGES AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MIXTURE OF POLYMER AND DILUENT
An extruder (10) for preparing a polymer-diluent mixture. The extruder includes an elongated housing (16) having an inlet end (18), an outlet end (20) and a bore (22) disposed within the housing, an elongated extruder shaft (34) having an axis of rotation, the elongated extruder shaft disposed within the bore and drivable in at least one direction of rotation, a plurality of extruder screw segments positioned along the elongated extruder shaft in a fixed angular relationship therewith, the plurality of extruder screw segments selected to form multiple extruder stages, the multiple extruder stages comprising an inlet stage (1100), a dispersion stage (1200), and at least one mixing stage (1300,1400), the plurality of extruder screw segments forming the at least one mixing stage comprising a reverse mixing screw segment (1406) having a helical flight (1306) that traverses and forms an outer periphery thereof, the helical flight having a plurality of notches (1308) positioned therealong, a material inlet adjacent the inlet end of the elongated barrel and a first fluid inlet located within the dispersion stage for introducing a diluent. A process for extruding a polymer-diluent mixture is also provided.
B29B 7/42 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
B29B 7/48 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
19.
EXTRUDER AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MIXTURE OF POLYMER AND DILUENT
This invention relates to an extruder, system, and extrusion process for producing a mixture of polymer and diluent. The extruder and extruder process can be used to produce mixtures of polymer and diluent that are useful for making microporous film such as battery separator film.
B29B 7/48 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
B29B 7/42 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
20.
EXTRUDER AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A MIXTURE OF POLYMER AND DILUENT
The invention generally relates to an extruder (10) for preparing a mixture of polymer and diluent. The extruder includes multiple extruder stages, the multiple extruder stages comprising an inlet stage (1100), a dispersion stage (1200), and at least one mixing stage (1300,1400) comprising a reverse mixing screw segment (1406) having a helical flight (1306) that traverses and forms an outer periphery thereof, the helical flight having a plurality of notches (1308) positioned there along. A process for extruding the polymer-diluent mixture is also provided.
B29B 7/42 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
B29B 7/48 - MixingKneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
B29C 47/40 - using at least two intermeshing screws
21.
MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SUCH MEMBRANES
The present invention relates to a particular multi-layer microporous membrane having a good balance of important properties, including excellent electrochemical stability and low heat shrinkage, while maintaining high permeability and heat resistance, with good mechanical strength, compression resistance and electrolytic solution absorption. The multi-layer microporous membrane of the present invention can be produced by layering, such as for example by coextrusion, one or more microporous membrane second layers and one or more microporous membrane first layers, such as on one or both sides of a second layer. The invention further relates to battery separators comprising the multi-layer microporous membrane and batteries utilizing the battery separators.
The invention relates to a particular multi-layer microporous membrane having a good balance of important properties, including excellent electrochemical stability and low heat shrinkage, while maintaining high permeability and heat resistance, with good mechanical strength, compression resistance and electrolytic solution absorption. The invention further relates to battery separators comprising the multi-layer microporous membrane and batteries utilizing the battery separators.
The present invention relates to a microporous membrane having excellent electrochemical stability and low heat shrinkage, as well as high permeability and heat resistance, when used as a battery separator. This microporous membrane also has good mechanical strength, electrolytic solution absorption and compression resistance properties. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a microporous membrane, to battery separators comprising such a microporous membrane, and to batteries utilizing such battery separators.
In a system (10) for producing an extrudate (16) of thermoplastic material, the system including an extrusion die (12) having a die outlet (14) that includes a first die lip and a second die lip through which a polymer solution is extruded, and a chill roll (18) for cooling the extrudate, an apparatus (20) for protecting a cooled extrudate. The apparatus includes a plate (50) having a leading edge (52), a first end (54) and a second end (56), the plate having a width that increases from the first end to the second end, along the leading edge(152), and means (60) for attaching the plate adjacent to the first die lip of the extrusion die. A process for making an extrudate of thermoplastic material is also provided.
The invention relates to a microporous membrane which comprises polyethylene, the microporous membrane having a differential pore volume curve with an area under the curve over the range of pore diameters of from about 100 nm to about 1,000 nm that is 25% or more of a total area under the curve over the range of pore diameters of from about 10 nm to about 1,000 nm.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to a microporous membrane having suitable permeability, mechanical strength, electrolytic solution absorption characteristics, compression resistance, and heat shrinkage resistance; and methods for producing and using such a microporous polyolefin membrane. It also relates to battery separators comprising such a microporous polyolefin membrane, and to batteries utilizing such battery separators.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to a microporous membrane having suitable permeability, mechanical strength, electrolytic solution absorption characteristics, compression resistance, and heat shrinkage resistance; and methods for producing and using such a microporous polyolefin membrane. It also relates to battery separators comprising such a microporous polyolefin membrane, and to batteries utilizing such battery separators.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to a microporous membrane having suitable permeability, mechanical strength, electrolytic solution absorption characteristics, compression resistance, and heat shrinkage resistance; and methods for producing and using such a microporous polyolefin membrane. It also relates to battery separators comprising such a microporous polyolefin membrane, and to batteries utilizing such battery separators.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or propertiesManufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
The invention relates to a coextrusion die (10) for producing a multilayer film or sheet of thermoplastic materials. The coextrusion die includes a die outlet (12), a first die section for producing a core layer, a second die section for producing a first skin layer, the second die section having a cross flow manifold, the cross flow manifold having a flow path wherein a portion of a melt stream of the thermoplastic material traverses the second die section's length more than once, and a third die section for producing a second skin layer, the third die section having a cross flow manifold, the cross flow manifold having a flow path wherein a portion of a melt stream of the thermoplastic material traverses the third die section's length more than once.
An extrusion die (10) is disclosed for producing an extrudate of thermoplastic material. The extrusion die includes a die outlet through which a melt stream of the thermoplastic material is extruded, a feed entrance in communication with a feed splitter (24) for dividing the thermoplastic material into a first portion and a second portion, and a cross flow manifold comprising a first cross flow manifold section for receiving the first portion of the thermoplastic material, a second passage in communication with the first passage, and a third passage in communication with the second passage.
An extrusion die (10) for producing an extrudate of thermoplastic material. The extrusion die includes a slotted die outlet (12) through which a melt stream of the thermoplastic material is extruded, the slotted die outlet comprising a first die lip (46) and a second die lip (48), and a plurality of cantilevered adjustment members (60,66) extending normally from the first die lip, the plurality of cantilevered adjustment members each having an externally actuatable means. A process for making an extrudate of thermoplastic material is also provided.
An extrusion die (10) for producing a film or sheet of thermoplastic material. The extrusion die includes a die outlet through which a melt stream of the thermoplastic material is extruded as a film or sheet, the die outlet comprising a first die lip (46) and a second die lip (48), a feed entrance in communication with a feed splitter (24) for dividing the thermoplastic material into a first portion and a second portion; and a first die section (14) having a cross flow manifold comprising: a first cross flow manifold section (26) for receiving the first portion of the thermoplastic material, and a second cross flow manifold section (28) for receiving the second portion of the thermoplastic material. A process for making a film or sheet of thermoplastic material is also provided.
The invention relates to polyolefin membranes and membrane precursors comprising polyethylene and polypropylene. The polyolefin membrane can be a microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a first microporous layer and at least one second microporous layers where the first and second layers contain polypropylene and polyethylene, and the amount of polyethylene in the first layer is at least about 80 wt.% and the amount of polyethylene in the second layer is at least about 50 wt.%. The amount of polyethylene is higher in the first microporous layer than in the second microporous layer, and the total amount of the polyethylene in the first and second microporous layers is at least about 61wt.%, based on the weight of the multi-layer, microporous polyolefin membrane.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
34.
MICROPOROUS POLYOLEFIN MEMBRANE, ITS PRODUCTION METHOD, BATTERY SEPARATOR AND BATTERY
The invention relates to a microporous membrane. The membrane can have an average thickness of 23 µm or more, an air permeability in a range of about 20 sec/100 cm3 to 100 sec/100 cm3, a pin puncture strength of 2,450 mN or more, and a heat shrinkage ratio of 12% or less at 105 °C. The membrane can be produced from a polyolefin solution made by combining a membrane-forming solvent and at least one polyolefin resin containing polyethylene having a viscoelastic angular frequency ??0#191 of at least about 0.01 rad/sec.
Disclosed herein is a polymer composition, its manufacture and use, said composition may comprise greater than about 90 mole % propylene monomer, and having a unique combination of properties, including one or more of the following: a heat of fusion of more than about 108 J/g, a melting point of 165°C or higher, a Melt Flow Rate so low that it is essentially not measurable and a molecular weight of greater than about 1.5 x 106. Further disclosed herein are blends or mixtures of the present novel polymer composition and products, such as, for example, microporous film structures and the like comprising same.
An electrode assembly having a structure comprising a first microporous membrane separator comprising high-density polyethylene A having a terminal vinyl group concentration (measured by infrared spectroscopy) of 0.3 or more per 10,000 carbon atoms and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 1x106 or more, and a second microporous membrane separator comprising high-density polyethylene B having a terminal vinyl group concentration of 0.2 or less per 10,000 carbon atoms and said ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, which are alternately sandwiched by an anode sheet and a cathode sheet, the difference in a shutdown temperature between said first and second separators being within 5 degrees centigrade.
Disclosed herein is multi-layer, microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a first porous layer comprising primarily a polyethylene, and a second porous layer comprising a polyethylene and polypropylene, the polypropylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 6 x 105 or more and a heat of fusion (measured by a differential scanning calorimeter) of 90 J/g or more, a fraction of the polypropylene having a molecular weight of 5 x 104 or less being 5% or less by mass.
Disclosed herein is a multi-layer, microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a first porous layer of a polyethylene, and a second porous layer comprising a polyethylene, and polypropylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 6 x 105 or more and a fraction having a molecular weight of 1.8 x 106 or more being 10% or more by mass.
The invention relates to a polyolefin composition. The polyolefin composition can be in the form of a multi-layer, microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a first microporous layer containing 7% or less by mass of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 1 x 106 or more, and having a structure in which a pore size distribution curve obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry has at least two peaks, and a second microporous layer containing 8% or more by mass of the ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
A microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a polyethylene resin, and polypropylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 6 x 105 or more and a heat of fusion of 90 J/g or more (measured by a differential scanning calorimeter), a fraction having a molecular weight of 1.8 x 106 or more being 10% or more by mass of the polypropylene.
A microporous polyolefin membrane comprising a polyethylene, and polypropylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 6 x 105 or more and a heat of fusion of 90 J/g or more (measured by a differential scanning calorimeter), a fraction having a molecular weight of 5 x 104 or less being 5% or less by mass of the polypropylene.
Disclosed is a polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane which comprises first microporous layers forming at least the both surface layers and at least one second microporous layer arranged between the surface layers. The first layers contain a first polyethylene resin wherein the content of super high molecular weight polyethylenes having a weight average molecular weight of not less than 1 X 106 is not less than 8% by mass, and the second layer contains a second polyethylene resin wherein the super high molecular weight polyethylene content is not more than 7% by mass. The polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane has a structure which has at least two peaks in the pore size distribution curve obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry, and the total thickness of the first layers is 15-60% when the total thickness of the first and second layers is taken as 100%.
Disclosed is a polyolefin (PO) multilayer microporous membrane which comprises first microporous layers forming the both surface layers and a second microporous layer arranged between the surface layers. The first layers are composed of a first polyolefin (PO) containing (i) a polypropylene (PP) or (ii) a mixture of not less than 50% by mass of a PP and a polyethylene (PE) resin; and the second layer is composed of a second PO containing (i) a mixture of not more than 7% by mass of super high molecular weight PE having an Mw of not less than 1 X 106 and other PE, (ii) a PE other than the super high molecular weight PE, or (iii) a mixture of not more than 50% by mass of a PP and the mixture of (i) or the PE of (ii). The average pore size of the second layer is larger than that of the first layers.
A microporous polyolefin membrane having a structure in which its pore size distribution curve obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry has at least two peaks, which is produced by extruding a melt-blend of a polyethylene resin containing 7% or less by mass of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene having a weight-average molecular weight of 1 x 106 or more, and a membrane-forming solvent, stretching a gel-like sheet obtained by cooling an extrudate, washing it, stretching the resultant microporous membrane to 1.1-1.8 fold in at least one direction, and heat-setting it at a temperature in a range of the stretching temperature of the microporous membrane plus or minus 5 degrees centigrade.
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
Disclosed is a hydrophilic composite microporous membrane having an anion-exchange group and a cation-exchange group on either the surface or the inner surfaces of the micropores of a thermoplastic resin microporous membrane base. The hydrophilic composite microporous membrane is excellent in water permeability, mechanical strength, particle removal capability, anion removal capability and cation removal capability.
B01D 71/82 - Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
B01J 43/00 - Amphoteric ion-exchange, i.e. using ion-exchangers having cationic and anionic groupsUse of material as amphoteric ion-exchangersTreatment of material for improving their amphoteric ion-exchange properties
B01J 47/12 - Ion-exchange processes in generalApparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
46.
MICROPOROUS POLYOLEFIN MEMBRANE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, SEPARATOR FOR CELL, AND CELL
A microporous polyolefin membrane which comprises a polyethylene resin and in which (a) the shutdown temperature is 135°C or lower which is the temperature at which the gas permeability as measured with heating at a heating rate of 5 °C/min reaches 1×105 sec/100 cm3, (b) the maximum degree of melt shrinkage in the transverse direction in the temperature range of 135-145°C is 40% or lower as measured by thermomechanical analysis at a load of 2 gf and a heating rate of 5 °C/min, and (c) the meltdown temperature is 150°C or higher which is the temperature at which the gas permeability as measured with further continuous heating beyond the shutdown temperature reaches 1×105 sec/100 cm3 again.
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
47.
MICROPOROUS POLYOLEFIN MEMBRANE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, SEPARATOR FOR CELL, AND CELL
A microporous polyolefin membrane characterized by comprising a polyethylene resin. It is further characterized in that (a) the shutdown temperature is 135°C or lower which is the temperature at which the gas permeability as measured with heating at a heating rate of 5 °C/min reaches 1×105 sec/100 cm3, (b) the maximum degree of melt shrinkage in the transverse direction in the temperature range of 135-145°C is 40% or lower as measured by thermomechanical analysis at a load of 2 gf and a heating rate of 5 °C/min, and (c) the meltdown temperature is 150°C or higher which is the temperature at which the gas permeability as measured with further continuous heating beyond the shutdown temperature reaches 1×105 sec/100 cm3 again.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
48.
POLYOLEFIN MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE, SEPARATOR FOR BATTERY USING THE MEMBRANE, AND BATTERY
Disclosed is a polyolefin microporous membrane comprising mainly a polyethylene resin. The membrane has (a) a shut down temperature of 135°C or lower, which is provided as a temperature at which an air permeability measured while heating the microporous membrane at a temperature rising rate of 5°C/min reaches 1 x 105 sec/100 cm3, (b) an air permeability change rate of 1 x 104 sec/100 cm3/°C or higher, which is provided as a gradient in a coordinate with the air permeability of 1 x 104 sec/100 cm3 on a curve indicating the dependency of the air permeability on temperature, and (c) a melt-down temperature of 150°C or higher, which is provided as a temperature at which the air permeability measured while continuing the temperature rising after the temperature reaches the shut down temperature reaches 1 x 105 sec/100 cm3 again.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
49.
POLYOLEFIN MULTILAYER MICROPOROUS FILM, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME AND BATTERY SEPARATOR
Disclosed is a polyolefin multilayer microporous film wherein (1) a porous layer composed of a polyethylene resin and another porous layer containing polypropylene and a heat-resistant resin having a melting point or glass transition temperature of not less than 170˚C are arranged, or (2) a porous layer composed of a polyethylene resin and another porous layer containing polypropylene and an inorganic filler having an aspect ratio of not less than 2 are arranged. This polyolefin multilayer microporous film has an excellent balance among permeability, mechanical strength, thermal shrinkage resistance, shutdown characteristics and meltdown characteristics.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
50.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MULTILAYERED MICROPOROUS POLYOLEFIN FILM
A process for producing a multilayered microporous polyolefin film which comprises: (1) forming a sheet comprising a gel-state polypropylene layer containing a film-forming solvent or polypropylene layer containing no film-forming solvent and a gel-state polyethylene resin layer containing a film-forming solvent, stretching the sheet at given two-stage temperatures, and then removing the film-forming solvent(s); or (2) forming a gel-state polypropylene sheet containing a film-forming solvent or polypropylene sheet containing no film-forming solvent and a gel-state polyethylene resin sheet containing a film-forming solvent, stretching these sheets at given two-stage temperatures, subsequently removing the film-forming solvent(s), and laminating the resultant microporous polypropylene film to the resultant microporous polyethylene film. By this process, a multilayered microporous polyolefin film is obtained which has an excellent balance among permeability, mechanical strength, heat shrinkage resistance, shutdown characteristics, and meltdown characteristics.
A process for the production of thermoplastic resin microporous membranes by using, as part of the raw material, scrap film which is generated in producing thermoplastic resin microporous membranes by using a thermoplastic resin and a solvent for film formation and which comprises the thermoplastic resin and the solvent as the main components, which process comprises melt-kneading a virgin thermoplastic resin and a virgin solvent for film formation together in an extruder to prepare a virgin raw material solution, feeding the above scrap film generated in the same or different production process into the extruder at a point of the extruder, melt-extruding the virgin raw material solution and the scrap film together in the extruder to prepare a thermoplastic resin solution, extruding the resin solution through a die, cooling the extrudate to form a gel-like sheet, and removing the solvent from the gel-like sheet.
B29C 41/24 - Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped articleApparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
B29C 41/32 - Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
A polyethylene resin and a solvent for film formation are melt-kneaded to prepare a solution (A) having a resin concentration of 25-50 mass% and a solution (B) having a resin concentration of 10-30 mass%, provided that the resin concentration in the solution (A) is higher than the resin concentration in the solution (B). Subsequently, (a) the resin solutions (A) and (B) are simultaneously extruded through a die to superpose the resin solutions (A) and (B) and the extrudate is cooled to form a gel-state sheet, from which the solvent for film formation is removed. Alternatively, (b) the following steps are conducted: separately extruding the resin solutions (A) and (B) through respective dies, removing the solvent for film formation from the resultant gel-state sheets (A) and (B) to form microporous polyethylene films (A) and (B), and alternately bonding the microporous polyethylene films (A) and (B). Thus, a microporous polyethylene film in which the average pore diameter changes in the thickness direction and which has an excellent balance among permeability, mechanical properties, unsusceptibility to heat shrinkage, compressive resistance, electrolytic-liquid-absorbing properties, shutdown properties, and meltdown properties can be produced while easily regulating the distribution of the average pore diameter in the film-thickness direction.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
C08J 9/28 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
53.
POLYETHYLENE MULTI-LAYER POROUS MEMBRANE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND SEPARATORS FOR CELLS
A polyethylene multi-layer porous membrane comprising at least two layers, which membrane comprises (a) a polyethylene resin porous layer (A) containing a high-density polyethylene (A) having at least 0.2 terminal vinyl group per 10,000 carbon atoms as determined by infrared spectroscopy and (b) a polyethylene resin porous layer (B) containing a high-density polyethylene (B) having less than 0.2 terminal vinyl group per 10,000 carbon atoms as determined by infrared spectroscopy. This membrane is excellent in the balance among permeability, mechanical strengths, resistance to heat shrinkage, shut-down characteristics, meltdown characteristics, and oxidation resistance.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
54.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PLASMA TREATMENT OF POROUS MATERIAL
A method for plasma treatment of a porous material comprising the steps of generating plasma using an inert gas or a mixed gas of the inert gas and a reactive gas, and performing any one of the following procedures (a) to (c) to achieve the plasma treatment of the surface and the inside of a pore of the porous material: (a) spraying the resulting plasma gas onto the porous material at a flow rate of 0.002 to 2 L/min/cm2 per unit area of the porous material; (b) sucking the porous material under the atmosphere of the plasma gas; or (c) sucking the porous material while spraying the plasma gas onto the porous material at a flow rate as mentioned above.
A polyethylene microporous membrane which comprises a polyethylene resin containing 1% by mass or more of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene having a mass average molecular weight of 7 x 105 or higher and having the ratio of the number average molecular weight to the mass average molecular weight of 5 to 300, and which comprises (a) a coarsely structured layer which is formed on at least one surface and has an average pore size of exceeding 0.04 騜m and (b) a densely structured layer having an average pore size of 0.04 騜m or less, wherein the area ratio of the densely structured layer to the coarsely structured layer on the cross-section surface of the membrane is 0.1 to 0.8.
Disclosed is a polyethylene multilayer microporous membrane comprising a first porous layer (a) composed of a polyethylene resin and a second porous layer (b) containing a polyethylene resin and a heat-resistant resin having a melting point or glass transition temperature of not less than 170˚C. In the second porous layer (b), the heat-resistant resin is dispersed in the polyethylene resin in the form of particles, and fibrils of the polyethylene resin are cleaved by using the heat-resistant resin particles as nuclei, thereby forming pores. Such a polyethylene multilayer microporous membrane has a good balance among shutdown characteristics, meltdown characteristics, permeability, mechanical strength, thermal shrinkage resistance and compression resistance.
B32B 5/32 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous both layers being foamed or specifically porous
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
57.
POLYETHYLENE MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND BATTERY SEPARATOR
A polyethylene microporous membrane which is made of a polyethylene resin having the content of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene of 15% by mass or lower and which comprises a densely structured layer having an average pore size of 0.01 to 0.05 騜m and a coarsely structured layer formed on at least one surface and having an average pore size larger by 1.2 to 5.0 times than that of the densely structured layer, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene having a mass average molecular weight of 1 x 106 or higher. The film shows little change in film thickness and air permeability during compression and also shows a rapid electrolyte-absorption rate. The film can be produced by extruding a melt kneaded product of the polyethylene resin and a solvent for use for the film formation through a die to give an extrusion molded product, cooling the molded product in such a manner that the temperature distribution is formed in the thickness-wise direction to form a gel sheet, stretching the gel sheet at a temperature falling within the range from a temperature higher by 10°C than the crystal dispersion temperature of the polyethylene resin and a temperature higher by 30°C than the crystal dispersion temperature, removing the solvent from the sheet, and then re-stretching the sheet by 1.05 to 1.45 times.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
58.
POLYOLEFIN MULTILAYER MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE AND BATTERY SEPARATOR
Disclosed is a polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane composed of at least three layers. This polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane comprises first porous layers respectively composed of a polyethylene resin and constituting at least both surface layers, and a second porous layer containing a polyethylene resin and polypropylene and constituting at least one layer interposed between the two surface layers. This polyolefin multilayer microporous membrane is characterized in that the heat of fusion ( Hm) of polypropylene as measured by a differential scanning calorimeter is not less than 90 J/g, and the polypropylene content is not more than 50% by mass when the total of the polyethylene resin and polypropylene in the second porous layer is taken as 100% by mass.
Disclosed is a method for producing a polyolefin microporous membrane wherein a melt-mixed blend of a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene having a mass average molecular weight of not less than 1 × 105 and an ethylene content of not more than 5 mass%, and a solvent for film formation is extruded from a die, then a gel sheet is obtained by slowing cooling the thus-obtained extrusion molded body, and the thus-obtained gel sheet is stretched and the solvent is removed, thereby forming a polyolefin microporous membrane. In this method, the slow cooling rate of the extrusion molded body is set at not more than 30˚C/sec.
C08J 9/00 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof
C08J 9/26 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materialsAfter-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
H01M 2/16 - Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
60.
POLYETHYLENE MULTILAYER MICROPOROUS MEMBRANE, BATTERY SEPARATOR USING SAME, AND BATTERY
Disclosed is a polyethylene multilayer microporous membrane composed of at least three layers. This polyethylene multilayer microporous membrane comprises a first porous layer (a) composed of a polyethylene resin, and a second porous layer (b) containing a polyethylene resin, a heat-resistant resin having a melting point or glass transition point of not less than 150˚C and a filler. At least both surface layers of the membrane are respectively constituted by the first porous layer (a), and at least one second porous layer (b) is interposed between the two surface layers.
RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF REFINERY INTEGRATION FOR GROUP-OPERATION (Japan)
Inventor
Nakashima, Norihiro
Kuwabara, Masayoshi
Higo, Manabu
Kobayashi, Hiroyuki
Abstract
A method which controls sedimentation occurring at a heat exchanger for cooling hydrodesulfurization/ hydrocracking residue containing asphaltenes at a high content and thereby prevents fouling of the heal exchanger is disclosed. A method for preventing fouling, of a heat exchanger for cooling hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue, which injects flux oil info hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue containing asphaltenes at 1% by mass or more, wherein the flux oil is at least one species of residue selected from the group consisting of crude vacuum distillation residue and fluidized catalytic cracking residue, and injected into the hydrodesulfurization/hydrocracking residue to control its actual sediment content at 0.2% by mass or less, determined in. accordance with TP-375 is also disclosed.
C10G 75/04 - Inhibiting corrosion or fouling in apparatus for treatment or conversion of hydrocarbon oils, in general by addition of antifouling agents
62.
Low viscosity, high abrasion resistance engine oil composition
patents
