Remotely surveying a photovoltaic system site includes receiving a photograph uploaded by a user device; analyzing the photograph using a trained machine learning model; receiving a confidence score from the trained machine learning model; determining if the photograph includes predetermined information, the predetermined information being used to perform a remote photovoltaic (PV) system site survey remotely; and in response to a determination that the photograph does not include the predetermined information, provide specific instructions regarding the missing information, wherein the specific instructions include guidance on how to retake the photograph to capture the predetermined information.
H02S 50/15 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
G06V 10/74 - Image or video pattern matchingProximity measures in feature spaces
G06V 10/98 - Detection or correction of errors, e.g. by rescanning the pattern or by human interventionEvaluation of the quality of the acquired patterns
G06V 20/70 - Labelling scene content, e.g. deriving syntactic or semantic representations
G06V 30/42 - Document-oriented image-based pattern recognition based on the type of document
2.
Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface
An end clamp for installation of a solar module includes a cap member that is installed in an opening of a rail. The end clamp also includes an assembly having a slider member and a base member, and also includes a fastener that attaches the assembly to the cap member. The slider member moves relative to the base member to clamp down on a flange of the solar module based on tightening of the fastener.
F16B 2/06 - Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening external, i.e. with contracting action
F16B 2/14 - Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening using wedges
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Batteries and battery systems for storing and discharging electric energy from solar panels or power grids; energy storage systems sold as a unit comprised of batteries, inverters and power controllers; electrical power distribution boards and electrical power distribution panels
6.
SYSTEMS AND APPARATUSES FOR PRECIPITATION MANAGEMENT IN SOLAR ASSEMBLIES
A solar assembly includes a single-slope crossbeam, a plurality of clip angle brackets, and a plurality of photovoltaic (PV) modules. Each PV module is supported by at least two of the plurality of clip angle brackets, and a height of the plurality of angle brackets differ from each other in order to allow the PV modules to be shingled.
Photovoltaic panels may be aggregated in various ways and may be aggregated with the use of a backplane where the backplane comprises electrical connectors positioned to electrically connect the PV panels. The PV panels may have various sizes and shapes and may overlap one or more other PV panels or PV panels being aggregated.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
Reconfigurable PV panels can have features that include cut lines for separating full panels into smaller subpanels, connector ribbons for assembling several reconfigurable PV panels into a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array and can be stacked upon each other and unstacked by rotating them about a shared connection.
A photovoltaic panel having a distributed support frame adhered to a photovoltaic module is described. For example, the distributed support frame may include one or more support member or support mounts adhered to the photovoltaic module by an adhesive layer. The photovoltaic module may include layers bound together by an encapsulant. Accordingly, the distributed support frame may be attached to the photovoltaic module during a same lamination process used to laminate the photovoltaic module.
This specification describes angled polymer solar modules, methods for producing angled polymer solar modules, and methods for installing angled polymer solar modules. In some examples, a method includes producing a flat polymer sheet including one or more photovoltaic cells. The method includes applying force to the flat polymer sheet to curve the flat polymer sheet in at least one region, forming an angled polymer sheet from the flat polymer sheet. The method includes mounting the angled polymer sheet on a roof deck such that the photovoltaic cells are angled with respect to the roof deck by virtue of the at least one region being curved.
H02S 30/00 - Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
H01L 31/0352 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for integrating an energy control system with an electrical system having a utility meter connected to a utility grid, a photovoltaic (PV) system, an energy storage system, and a plurality of electrical loads. The systems and methods include determining a site condition of the electrical system, determining a type of backup configuration for the electrical system based on the determined site condition, and determining a location of at least one of a main circuit breaker, the PV system, a subpanel, and a site current transformer with respect to the energy control system based on the determined site condition and the determined type of backup configuration.
Commissioning a solar power monitoring system includes imaging a plurality of labels, wherein each label of the plurality of labels is associated with an electronic component. Further, commissioning the solar power monitoring system includes discovering each electronic component at the same time based on the imaging of the plurality of labels, displaying a list of the discovered electronic components, and commissioning a solar power monitoring system including the discovered electronic components for use.
Subtractive metallization approaches for fabricating solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a solar cell includes a semiconductor region in or above a substrate. A metal foil portion can include an adhesive layer thereon. The adhesive layer is above the semiconductor region and has an opening therein exposing a portion of the semiconductor region. A conductive material is on and electrically coupled to the portion of the semiconductor region exposed by the opening in the adhesive layer. The conductive material is further on and electrically coupled to the metal foil portion.
Testing to detect intermittent electrical pathways is described. Applied currents may be reversed to fully test all components of a workpiece. Various testing methodologies may be employed. These methodologies may include Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR), mechanical agitation, dark current/voltage testing, (dark IV), i.e., electrical testing of a workpiece using applied electricity, and thermographic imaging, e.g., infra-red thermal imaging. The sensed voltage during agitation may be compared to a benchmark voltage to determine whether or not an intermittent failure exists.
Aligned metallization approaches for fabricating solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a solar cell includes a semiconductor layer over a semiconductor substrate. A first plurality of discrete openings is in the semiconductor layer and exposes corresponding discrete portions of the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of doped regions is in the semiconductor substrate and corresponds to the first plurality of discrete openings. An insulating layer is over the semiconductor layer and is in the first plurality of discrete openings. A second plurality of discrete openings is in the insulating layer and exposes corresponding portions of the plurality of doped regions. Each one of the second plurality of discrete openings is entirely within a perimeter of a corresponding one of the first plurality of discrete openings. A plurality of conductive contacts is in the second plurality of discrete openings and is on the plurality of doped regions.
Photovoltaic (PV) frames, PV frame systems, methods of PV manufacture, articles of PV manufacture, and processes involving PVs are provided. These frames may employ a laminate receiver configured to receive a surface of a PV laminate and support that PV laminate upon installation of a PV system.
Wire-based metallization and stringing techniques for solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, modules, and equipment, are described. In an example, a string of solar cells includes a plurality of back-contact solar cells, wherein each of the plurality of back-contact solar cells includes P- type and N-type doped diffusion regions. A plurality of conductive wires is disposed over a back surface of each of the plurality of solar cells, wherein each of the plurality of conductive wires is substantially parallel to the P-type and N-type doped diffusion regions of each of the plurality of solar cells. One or more of the plurality of conductive wires adjoins a pair of adjacent solar cells of the plurality of solar cells and has a relief feature between the pair of adjacent solar cells.
H01L 31/0465 - PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate comprising particular structures for the electrical interconnection of adjacent PV cells in the module
H01L 31/0352 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
A method for monitoring a photovoltaic (PV) system includes receiving PV system information for a predetermined timeframe; displaying a power flow based on the received PV system information corresponding to the predetermined timeframe; displaying energy storage system information based on the received PV system information corresponding to the predetermined timeframe; and displaying an energy mix analysis based on the received PV system information corresponding to the predetermined timeframe.
G01R 22/06 - Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
G08C 17/02 - Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
H04L 67/10 - Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
The present disclosure provides a method for controlling an energy control system. The energy control system includes a grid interconnection, a backup load interconnection, a non-backup load interconnection, and a backup power interconnection. The method includes receiving electronic data from a plurality of backup loads. The method includes detecting a power outage at the grid interconnection electrically coupled to a utility grid. The method includes disconnecting the grid interconnection from the backup power interconnection, in which the backup power interconnection is electrically coupled to a backup power source. The method includes connecting a first set of the plurality of backup loads to the backup load interconnection, in which the backup load interconnection is electrically coupled to the backup power interconnection such that power is supplied from the backup power source to the first set of backup loads.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
B60L 50/60 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 53/60 - Monitoring or controlling charging stations
B60L 58/12 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
B60L 8/00 - Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
B60L 58/18 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
23.
SOLAR CELLS HAVING HYBRID ARCHITECTURES INCLUDING DIFFERENTIATED P-TYPE AND N-TYPE REGIONS WITH OFFSET CONTACTS
A solar cell, and methods of fabricating said solar cell, are disclosed. The solar cell can include a first emitter region over a substrate, the first emitter region having a perimeter around a portion of the substrate. A first conductive contact is electrically coupled to the first emitter region at a location outside of the perimeter of the first emitter region.
H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
An energy evaluation system includes an energy system modeling framework and an Application Program Interface (API) as part of the energy system evaluation framework. The energy evaluation system can be configured to query a simulation application program interface (API) with PV system configuration parameters as arguments, generate a shade loss time series based on the system configuration parameters, simulate energy output for the PV system based on the shade loss time series, and output energy aggregations based on the simulation.
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
G01W 1/02 - Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Apparatus for management of a solar-based energy system, namely, an apparatus comprised of an electrical panel, autodisconnect switches, and recorded intelligent energy management software for storing electrical energy and discharging electricity, storing electrical energy and discharging electricity to or from an electric power grid to meet energy usage goals and demands, and monitoring and optimizing the storage and discharge of electrical energy in a photovoltaic-connected energy system
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Batteries and battery systems for storing and discharging electric energy from solar panels or power grids; energy storage systems sold as a unit comprised of batteries, inverters and power controllers; electrical power distribution boards and electrical power distribution panels
28.
Distributed energy resource topology and operation
Systems and methods regarding distributed energy resource systems (DERs) are described. Configurations and employed methods may include sending a command to a DER system to place the DER system in one or more of a charge state, a discharge state, an idle state, or a reactive power state. These DER systems may include an energy storage circuit, a dc/ac converter configured to receive a DC voltage from the storage circuit and convert the received DC voltage for receipt by an external AC circuit, and one or more controllers configured to designate operation state of the storage circuit in at least a charge state, a discharge state, and an idle state.
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
H02J 3/30 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
29.
Energy flow prediction for electric systems including photovoltaic solar systems
Methods, systems, and computer storage media are disclosed for determining electric energy flow predictions for electric systems including photovoltaic solar systems. In some examples, a method is performed by a computer system and includes supplying a consumption time series and a predicted production time series for an electric system to a machine-learning predictor trained during a prior training phase using electric energy consumption training data and photovoltaic production training data. The consumption time series has a first data resolution, and the electric energy consumption training data and the photovoltaic production training data have a second data resolution greater than the first data resolution. The method includes determining, using an output of the machine-learning predictor, a predicted import time series of electric import values each specifying an amount of electric energy predicted to be imported by the electric system with a prospective photovoltaic solar system installed.
G06G 7/54 - Analogue computers for specific processes, systems, or devices, e.g. simulators for nuclear physics, e.g. nuclear reactors, radioactive fallout
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
G06F 30/20 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation
An alternating current (AC) module system includes branch circuits and a main service panel to receive power from the branch circuits. A photovoltaic (PV) supervisor is located between the branch circuits and the panel. The PV supervisor aggregates the power from the branch circuits. The PV supervisor also performs a nonredundant operational function for one or more of the branch circuits. The PV supervisor includes a gateway device to permit control of the operational functions.
A solar cell, and methods of fabricating said solar cell, are disclosed. The solar cell can include a substrate having a light-receiving surface and a back surface. The solar cell can include a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type disposed on a first dielectric layer, wherein the first dielectric layer is disposed on the substrate. The solar cell can also include a second semiconductor region of a second, different, conductivity type disposed on a second dielectric layer, where a portion of the second thin dielectric layer is disposed between the first and second semiconductor regions. The solar cell can include a third dielectric layer disposed on the second semiconductor region. The solar cell can include a first conductive contact disposed over the first semiconductor region but not the third dielectric layer. The solar cell can include a second conductive contact disposed over the second semiconductor region, where the second conductive contact is disposed over the third dielectric layer and second semiconductor region. In an embodiment, the third dielectric layer can be a dopant layer.
H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
H01L 31/032 - Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
A solar cell can include a first plurality of metal contact fingers, and a second plurality of metal contact fingers interdigitated with the first plurality of metal contact fingers, wherein at least one of the first plurality of metal contact fingers comprises a wrap¬ around metal finger that passes between a first edge of the solar cell and at least one contact pads. A photovoltaic (PV) string including a solar cell with a wrap-around metal contact finger. A method of coupling an electrically conductive connector to a solar cell with a wrap-around metal contact finger.
Methods, systems, and computer readable media are disclosed for monitoring photovoltaic solar systems. In some examples, the system includes a solar power measurement input for coupling to a solar panel system, a measurement circuit configured to measure power produced by the solar panel system using the solar power measurement input, and a data transmission system. The measurement circuit is configured, by virtue of the measurement circuit including electrical components rated to at least a certain tolerance level, to take revenue-grade power measurements from the solar power measurement input with a level of accuracy that meets a national or international metering standard. The data transmission system is configured to transmit the revenue-grade power measurements from the measurement circuit to a remote system.
G01R 21/00 - Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H04L 12/28 - Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
G01R 22/06 - Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
G01R 21/06 - Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
G01R 22/00 - Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
Modular photovoltaic (PV) panel, system, and method of mounting. The system including a mounting flashing configured to mounted to a mounting surface and a folding PV panel. The folding PV panel including: a first subpanel including first PV cells, wherein the first subpanel extends along a first lateral plane and comprises a plurality of mounting hooks extending laterally from and affixed to a backside of the first subpanel, the mounting hooks configured to couple to the mounting flashing; a second subpanel including second PV cells, wherein the second subpanel extends along a second lateral plane, wherein the second subpanel comprises a front edge support configured to hold a front edge of the second subpanel away from the mounting surface; and a hinge assembly rotationally coupling the first subpanel and the second subpanel to allow an angle between the first lateral plane and the second lateral plane to change.
Computer systems and methods regarding distributed energy resource systems (DERs) re described. Configurations and employed methods may include sending a command to a DER system to place the DER system in one or more of a charge state, a discharge state, an idle state, or a reactive power state. these DER systems may include a rechargeable battery, a dc/ac converter configured to receive a DC voltage from the battery and convert the received DC voltage for receipt by an external AC circuit, and one or more controllers configured to designate operation state of the battery in at least a charge state, a discharge state, and an idle state.
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 3/30 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
36.
Metering and control subsystems for photovoltaic solar systems
A metering and control subsystem for a photovoltaic solar system is configured for metering the photovoltaic solar system using current measurement devices and individually controlling relays to selectively energize photovoltaic branch circuits. In some examples, the metering and control subsystem includes photovoltaic branch connectors, a relay matrix, current measurement devices, and a metering and relay control circuit. The metering and control circuit is configured for metering the photovoltaic solar system using current measurement data from the current measurement devices and individually controlling the relays to selectively energize each photovoltaic branch circuit.
H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
H02H 7/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
37.
SOLAR CELLS HAVING JUNCTIONS RETRACTED FROM CLEAVED EDGES
Methods of fabricating solar cells having junctions retracted from cleaved edges, and the resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a solar cell includes a substrate having a light-receiving surface, a back surface, and sidewalls. An emitter region is in the substrate at the light-receiving surface of the substrate. The emitter region has sidewalls laterally retracted from the sidewalls of the substrate. A passivation layer is on the sidewalls of the emitter region.
H01L 31/036 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Batteries and battery systems for storing and discharging electric energy from solar panels; solar energy storage systems sold as a unit comprised of solar panels, namely, solar panels for the production of electricity, batteries, inverters and controllers; electrical distribution boards and electrical distribution panels
39.
LOCAL METALLIZATION FOR SEMICONDUCTOR SUBSTRATES USING A LASER BEAM
Local metallization of semiconductor substrates using a laser beam, and the resulting structures, e.g., micro-electronic devices, semiconductor substrates and/or solar cells, are described. For example, a solar cell includes a substrate and a plurality of semiconductor regions disposed in or above the substrate. A plurality of conductive contact structures is electrically connected to the plurality of semiconductor regions. Each conductive contact structure includes a locally deposited metal portion disposed in contact with a corresponding a semiconductor region.
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
40.
LASER ASSISTED METALLIZATION PROCESS FOR SOLAR CELL CIRCUIT FORMATION
A method of fabricating solar cell, solar laminate and/or solar module string is provided. The method may include: locating a metal foil over a plurality of semiconductor substrates; exposing the metal foil to laser beam over selected portions of the plurality of semiconductor substrates, wherein exposing the metal foil to the laser beam forms a plurality conductive contact structures having of locally deposited metal portion electrically connecting the metal foil to the semiconductor substrates at the selected portions; and selectively removing portions of the metal foil, wherein remaining portions of the metal foil extend between at least two of the plurality of semiconductor substrates.
Methods, systems, and computer readable media are disclosed for monitoring electric systems for wiring faults. In some examples, a system includes a production power meter coupled to a power generation system of a building and configured for measuring electric power generated by the power generation system, one or more consumption power meters coupled to an electric system of the building and configured for measuring electric power consumed by the electric system, and a computer system coupled to the production power meter and the consumption power meters. The computer system is programmed for determining that at least one power meter is installed with a reversed polarity that is reversed with respect to an installation specification, resulting in the computer system receiving measured values from the at least one power meter having an incorrect sign.
G01R 35/04 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current
G01R 22/06 - Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
42.
LASER ASSISTED METALLIZATION PROCESS FOR SOLAR CELL STRINGING
Metallization of semiconductor substrates using a laser beam, and the resulting structures, e.g., micro-electronic devices, semiconductor substrates and/or solar cells, solar cell circuit, solar cell strings, and solar cell arrays are described. A solar cell string can include a plurality of solar cells. The plurality of solar cells can include a substrate and a plurality of semiconductor regions disposed in or above the substrate. A plurality of conductive contact structures is electrically connected to the plurality semiconductor regions. Each conductive contact structure includes a locally deposited metal portion disposed in contact with a corresponding one of the semiconductor regions.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
H01L 31/072 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
43.
LASER ASSISTED METALLIZATION PROCESS FOR SOLAR CELL FABRICATION
A method for fabricating a solar cell and the and the resulting structures, e.g., micro-electronic devices, semiconductor substrates and/or solar cells, are described. The method can include: providing a solar cell having metal foil having first regions that are electrically connected to semiconductor regions on a substrate at a plurality of conductive contact structures, and second regions; locating a carrier sheet over the second regions; bonding the carrier sheet to the second regions; and removing the carrier sheet from the substrate to selectively remove the second regions of the metal foil.
A system for fabricating solar cells. The system including one or more of: a laser assisted metallization patterning unit adapted to expose a metal foil located over a substrate to a laser beam to form a conductive contact structure comprising a locally deposited metal on the substrate; a debris removal unit adapted to remove debris from a top surface of a metal foil that is attached to a top surface of a substrate; a carrier attachment unit adapted to attach a carrier to one the top surface of the metal foil; and a metal removal unit adapted to remove the carrier and at least a portion of the metal foil.
e.ge.g., micro-electronic devices, semiconductor substrates and/or solar cells, are described. For example, a method of fabricating a solar cell includes providing a substrate having an intervening layer thereon. The method also includes locating a metal foil over the intervening layer. The method also includes exposing the metal foil to a laser beam, wherein exposing the metal foil to the laser beam forms openings in the intervening layer and forms a plurality of conductive contact structures electrically connected to portions of the substrate exposed by the openings.
H01L 31/0463 - PV modules composed of a plurality of thin film solar cells deposited on the same substrate characterised by special patterning methods to connect the PV cells in a module, e.g. laser cutting of the conductive or active layers
Connectors, systems with connectors and processes with connectors are described. These include how connectors can actively hold external portions of two frames or other components together during transport and before final installation, as well as, how the connectors can be repositionable on the frame or other component so as to provide a mechanical connection in one position and not to provide a mechanical connection when moved into a second position. The connectors can also function to provide spacing or alignment or both between frames or other components grouped together using the connectors.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02S 40/22 - Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
F16B 5/00 - Joining sheets or plates to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
47.
WIRE-BASED METALLIZATION AND STRINGING FOR SOLAR CELLS
Wire-based metallization and stringing techniques for solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, modules, and equipment, are described. In an example, a substrate has a surface. A plurality of N-type and P-type semiconductor regions is disposed in or above the surface of the substrate. A conductive contact structure is disposed on the plurality of N-type and P-type semiconductor regions. The conductive contact structure includes a plurality of conductive wires, each conductive wire of the plurality of conductive wires essentially continuously bonded directly to a corresponding one of the N-type and P-type semiconductor regions.
Frames and processes of manufacture using single-wall frame sections coupled to other single-wall frame sections or double-wall frame sections using a connecting key are provided. The connecting key can be metallic, polymer, ceramic, a laminate, and combinations thereof.
One embodiment is a photovoltaic (PV) module including a frame to receive a perimeter of a backside of a photovoltaic (PV) laminate. The cross rail assembly may include: a conductive frame to receive a perimeter of a backside of a photovoltaic (PV) laminate; one or more conductive cross rail members provide structural rigidity to the conductive frame; and one or more pairs of couplers coupled to the conductive frame, wherein: at least one coupler comprises a grounding coupler having a first keyed section to insert into an opening in the conductive frame and a second keyed section to mate with an end of a conductive cross rail member of the one or more conductive cross rail members to ground the conductive cross rail member to the frame; or at least one coupler of at least one of the one or more pairs includes a length to define a cabling channel.
A photovoltaic (PV) system includes a system control module that determines the presence of a microinverter chain termination end cap. The end cap includes an embedded circuit. The embedded circuit includes components having resistive, reactive, or impedance values. A signal source provides a signal through the microinverter chain. A parameter for a sensed signal detected by the system control module is used to determine the presence of the end cap using a change between the parameter for the sense signal and a reference parameter.
A distributed energy resource (DER) may store electrical power from an AC circuit and discharge stored electrical power to the AC circuit. A DER may be coupled to the AC circuit via a plug inserted into a receptacle coupled to the AC circuit, and a load device may be plugged into the DER via a receptacle of the DER. The DER may pass AC power from the AC circuit to the load device, and may draw additional power from the AC circuit to charge an energy storage circuit of the DER. The DER may also discharge stored energy into the AC circuit and/or power the load device directly.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 3/18 - Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
H02J 3/30 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
52.
Circuits and methods for controlling current in a parallel-connected array
A solar device system includes one or more solar devices shingled into an array of solar devices. Each solar device includes one or more current generation cells configured to generate electric current, a plurality of current buses, and a control circuit configured to distribute the generated electric current to the plurality of current buses, and route the generated electric current to an adjacent solar device. Additionally, the solar device system includes an array collector electrically connected to the one or more solar devices, the array collector being configured to collect the generated electrical current from the one or more solar devices and direct the generated electrical current to an inverter or a power grid.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
H02S 20/23 - Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
An autonomous solar collector cleaning device includes at least one main shaft, a first driver attached to a first end of the at least one main shaft, and a second driver attached to a second end of the at least one main shaft. The first and second drivers propel the cleaning device along a surface of the solar collector. A first sensor is attached to the first driver to detect an edge of the solar collector, and a second sensor is attached to the second driver to detect the edge of the solar collector. A control circuit maintains alignment of the cleaning device with respect to the solar collector based on outputs from the first and second sensors.
The invention relates to a method for recycling sub-micron Si-particles from a Si wafer production process resulting from a diamond fixed abrasive process, in particular slicing and cutting comprising the steps of: - providing a paste (3) of sub-micron Si-particles resulting from said diamond fixed abrasive process, - drying and shaping into a layer (7) said paste of sub-micron Si-particles, - applying a zone melting step to said dried and shaped layer of Si-particles on a substrate (5).
C30B 35/00 - Apparatus not otherwise provided for, specially adapted for the growth, production or after-treatment of single crystals or of a homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
55.
PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE WITH DISTRIBUTED POWER CONVERSION CIRCUITS
A photovoltaic module includes solar cells (101) and a power conversion circuit. The power conversion circuit includes an in-laminate circuit (200) that is disposed with the solar cells (101) within a laminate (160) of the photovoltaic module. The power conversion circuit further includes an external circuit disposed outside of the laminate (160). The external circuit is in an enclosure (150), such as a junction box. The external circuit includes magnetic components, such as an inductor or a transformer.
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
56.
PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE HAVING BI-DIRECTIONAL COUPLINGS
A photovoltaic (PV) module having bi-directional couplings is described. The bi-directional couplings include a first coupling mounted on a support frame under a first edge of the PV module and a second coupling mounted on the support frame under a second edge of the PV module. The PV module can be a keystone module and the bi-directional couplings of the keystone module can connect to respective couplings of several adjacent PV modules. The bi-directional couplings can form male-to-female connections with the respective couplings to quickly combine the PV modules into a PV module assembly. The PV module assembly includes the bi-directionally connected PV modules supporting each other in both an x- direction and a y- direction.
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
One or more hybrid management modules for Photovoltaic (PV) systems are provided. These modules may be configured for peer-to-peer communication and may also be configured for cellular communication outside of the PV system. The modules may be coupled or located near individual PV modules and may be configured with or alongside PV inverters or converters. The modules may take the place of a central system manager located beyond a main service panel and may work in conjunction with a controller located beyond a main service panel.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
A folding photovoltaic (PV) panel is described. The folding PV panel may include several subpanels interconnected by a hinge assembly. The hinge assembly may include a first section, a second section, and a third section between the first and second sections. The first section of the hinge assembly may couple to a first subpanel and the second section of the hinge assembly may couple to a second subpanel. The folding PV panel may include at least one electrical conductor extending from the first subpanel to the second subpanel. The at least one electrical conductor may be located in the hinge assembly or in a cabling assembly bridging a channel defined by edges of the first and second subpanels and the third section of the hinge assembly.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
A mounting assembly to mount frames on a mounting surface, the mounting assembly having rails that supports the frames, each rail having an internal side adjacent with an internal recess, and an external side opposite to the internal side with lip; and roof mounting assemblies to affix the rails onto the mounting surface. Each mounting assembly having a mounting block that is fixable to the mounting surface, a mounting plate that is fixable to the mounting block, and a pair rail snap brackets formed at extremities of the mounting plate that receives and locks the rails in place, each rail snap bracket of the pair of rail snap brackets having a pair of notches that lodges in the internal recess of the rail to lock the rail in place and a hook that receives the lip.
Methods of recycling silicon swarf into electronic grade polysilicon or metallurgical-grade silicon are described herein are described. In an example, a method includes cutting a silicon ingot and recovering silicon swarf having a first purity from the cutting process. The recovered silicon is purified in an upgraded metallurgical silicon process to produce electronic grade polysilicon particles having a second purity higher than the first purity. The upgraded metallurgical silicon process can include dissolving the recovered silicon particles in a molten aluminum metal smelt.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
B28D 5/04 - Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor materialApparatus therefor by tools other than of rotary type, e.g. reciprocating tools
This specification describes methods for processing semiconductor wafers, methods for loading semiconductor wafers into wafer carriers, and semiconductor wafer carriers. The methods and wafer carriers can be used for increasing the rigidity of wafers, e.g., large and thin wafers, by intentionally bowing the wafers to an extent that does not break the wafers. In some examples, a method for processing semiconductor wafers includes loading each semiconductor wafer into a respective semiconductor wafer slot of a semiconductor wafer carrier, horizontally bowing each semiconductor wafer, and moving the semiconductor wafer carrier into a processing station and processing the semiconductor wafers at the processing station while the semiconductor wafers are loaded into the semiconductor wafer carrier and horizontally bowed.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 21/677 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components for conveying, e.g. between different work stations
H01L 21/68 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components for positioning, orientation or alignment
H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
62.
Method and system for communication between inverter and solar module
Technologies for communication between an inverter and a solar module are disclosed. The disclosed technologies include monitoring a voltage and/or current of the solar module to determine a corresponding voltage waveform and/or current waveform and determining whether the voltage waveform and/or current waveform includes an encoded message. If a message is encoded in the voltage waveform and/or current waveform, the solar module may perform one or more actions. For example, the solar module may adjust an operating voltage, current, or power, adjust a switching frequency or duty cycle of one or more converters of the solar module, initiate a global maximum power point search, and/or other actions.
This specification describes semiconductor wafer carriers, methods for manufacturing the semiconductor wafer carriers, and methods for using the semiconductor wafer carriers. The semiconductor wafer carriers can include features for avoiding double-slotting, for preventing glove marks on semiconductor wafers, and for providing additional sitting and storage options for the wafer carrier. In some examples, a semiconductor wafer carrier includes multiple notched left-side rods that are parallel in a vertical direction and multiple notched right-side rods that are parallel in the vertical direction. The semiconductor wafer carrier includes one or more bottom rods. The left-side rods, the right-side rods, and the one or more bottom rods are joined to define semiconductor wafer slots.
H01L 21/673 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components using specially adapted carriers
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
64.
PLASMA-CURING OF LIGHT-RECEIVING SURFACES OF SOLAR CELLS
Methods of fabricating solar cells using plasma-curing of light-receiving surfaces of the solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a method of fabricating a solar cell includes forming a dielectric layer on a light-receiving surface of a silicon substrate. The method also includes forming an anti-reflective coating (ARC) layer over the dielectric layer. The method also includes exposing the ARC layer to plasma-induced radiation.
Methods, systems, and computer storage media are disclosed for determining electric energy flow predictions for electric systems including photovoltaic solar systems. In some examples, a method is performed by a computer system and includes supplying a consumption time series and a predicted production time series for an electric system to a machine-learning predictor trained during a prior training phase using electric energy consumption training data and photovoltaic production training data. The consumption time series has a first data resolution, and the electric energy consumption training data and the photovoltaic production training data have a second data resolution greater than the first data resolution. The method includes determining, using an output of the machine-learning predictor, a predicted import time series of electric import values each specifying an amount of electric energy predicted to be imported by the electric system with a prospective photovoltaic solar system installed.
G06G 7/54 - Analogue computers for specific processes, systems, or devices, e.g. simulators for nuclear physics, e.g. nuclear reactors, radioactive fallout
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02S 50/00 - Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
Solar cell emitter regions fabrication is described. In an example, a species mask, e.g., a shadow mask, is provided between a plasma source and a semiconductor wafer. The species mask includes an opening pattern having several openings with respective opening widths and pitches. Species emitted by the plasma source pass through the openings in the species mask and implant in the semiconductor wafer to form several emitter region fingers having respective finger widths and pitches. In an embodiment, the opening widths and pitches vary across the species mask and the emitter region finger widths and pitches are uniform across the semiconductor wafer.
Electrical component location is provided. Employed location techniques may include providing a cycling signal, having components to be located sense the cycling signal at the same time, report back the sensed signal, and determining relative locations for one or more of the components using the sensed signals reported by the components.
Methods of fabricating a solar cell, and system for electrically coupling solar cells, are described. In an example, the methods for fabricating a solar cell can include placing conductive wires in a wire guide, where conductive wires are placed over a first semiconductor substrate having first doped regions and second doped regions. The method can include aligning the conductive wires over the first and second doped regions, where the wire guide aligns the conductive wires substantially parallel to the first and second doped regions. The method can include bonding the conductive wires to the first and second doped regions. The bonding can include applying a mechanical force to the semiconductor substrate via a roller or bonding head of the wire guide, where the wire guide inhibits lateral movement of the conductive wires during the bonding.
Methods of fabricating solar cell emitter regions with differentiated P-type and N-type regions architectures, and resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a solar cell can include a substrate having a light-receiving surface and a back surface. A first doped region of a first conductivity type, wherein the first doped region is disposed in a first portion of the back surface. A first thin dielectric layer disposed over the back surface of the substrate, where a portion of the first thin dielectric layer is disposed over the first doped region of the first conductivity type. A first semiconductor layer disposed over the first thin dielectric layer. A second doped region of a second conductivity type in the first semiconductor layer, where the second doped region is disposed over a second portion of the back surface.
H01L 31/072 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
Methods of fabricating a solar cell, and system for electrically coupling solar cells, are described. In an example, the methods for fabricating a solar cell can include forming a first cut portion from a conductive foil. The method can also include aligning the first cut portion to a first doped region of a first semiconductor substrate. The method can include bonding the first cut portion to the first doped region of the first semiconductor substrate. The method can also include aligning and bonding a plurality of cut portions of the conductive foil to a plurality of semiconductor substrates.
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
providing a website featuring temporary use of non-downloadable software enabling users to access a virtual assistant for customer support, product information, cost estimates, and booking appointments, for use in the solar power industry
72.
Systems and methods for improved installation and grounding of photovoltaic assemblies
Improved PV assemblies for converting solar radiation to electrical energy and methods of installation thereof are disclosed herein. PV arrays comprising a plurality PV modules are also described herein. A PV assembly can comprise a plurality of PV modules arranged into rows and/or columns of a PV array. A PV module can comprise a plurality of solar cells encapsulated within a PV laminate. In some embodiments, a PV module includes a frame at least partially surrounding the PV laminate. A PV assembly can further comprise at least one flexible grounding connector positioned between a plurality of PV modules, adjacent rows of PV modules in an array and/or a column of PV modules in an array. A flexible grounding connector can comprise a first and a second engagement head for engaging a first and a second PV module. A flexible grounding connector can further comprise a flexible body portion coupling first and second engagement heads. The flexible body portion of the flexible grounding connector can be electrically conductive so as to provide an electrical grounding path between first and second PV modules and accommodate any misalignment or offset between first and second PV modules.
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
A distributed energy resource (DER) may store electrical power from an AC circuit and discharge stored electrical power to the AC circuit. A DER may be coupled to the AC circuit via a plug inserted into a receptacle coupled to the AC circuit, and a load device may be plugged into the DER via a receptacle of the DER. The DER may pass AC power from the AC circuit to the load device, and may draw additional power from the AC circuit to charge an energy storage circuit of the DER. The DER may also discharge stored energy into the AC circuit and/or power the load device directly.
A solar-tracking photovoltaic (PV) system having several PV modules mounted on a torque tube is described. The torque tube may include several sections joined by a torque tube coupler. For example, the torque tube coupler may having a medial section and end sections to join to the torque tube sections. The medial section and the torque tube sections may have a same outer diameter.
A solar power system may include rails, solar modules, and a plurality of clamps to secure the solar modules to the rails. An end clamp may be partially disposed inside a rail at an end of the rail. The end clamp may secure a solar module to the rail by coupling to the frame of the solar module. The end clamp may include a fastener that may be tightened to engage the end clamp and secure the solar module by holding it on top of the rail. The end clamp may establish an electrical grounding connection between the frames of the solar module and the rail.
Improved photovoltaic (PV) assemblies for converting solar radiation to electrical energy and methods of installation thereof are disclosed herein. PV arrays comprising a plurality PV modules are also described herein. A PV assembly can comprise at least one PV module having a front side and a back side opposite the front side. A PV module can comprise a plurality of solar cells encapsulated within a PV laminate. In some embodiments, a PV module includes a frame at least partially surrounding the PV laminate. In such embodiments, frame can comprise an outer surface feature. The PV assembly can further comprise at least one spacing device positioned between adjacent PV modules. A spacing device can comprise a spacer body having a predetermined width for defining a predetermined distance or gap between adjacent PV modules.
Solar devices and methods for producing solar devices are disclosed. Aspects of the disclosure provide a solar device that includes at least a first solar cell and a second solar cell. The first solar cell is configured to have a first edge of a non-linear shape with protruding portions and have first one or more contact pads arranged in the protruding portions. The second solar cell is configured to overlap with the first solar cell at the protruding portions. The second solar cell includes second one or more contact pads that are aligned with the first one or more contact pads to electrically connect the first solar cell and the second solar cell.
Systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are provided wherein inverter topologies and inverter control employ primary and secondary windings with a half-bridge circuit and an unfolding bridge circuit positioned between the second winding and an AC grid. Certain topologies may employ control circuits for controlling the bridges suitable for a phase angle of the AC grid.
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02S 40/32 - Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
79.
PROTECTIVE REGION FOR METALLIZATION OF SOLAR CELLS
Methods of fabricating a solar cell including metallization techniques and resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a first and second semiconductor regions can be formed in or above a substrate, where a separation region is disposed between the first and second semiconductor regions. A protective region can be formed over the separation region. A first metal layer can be formed over the substrate, where the protective region prevents and/or inhibits damage to the separation region during the formation of the first metal layer. Conductive contacts can be formed over the first and second semiconductor regions.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
Solar cells having conductive contacts are described. In an example, a solar cell can include a protective layer disposed over a substrate, where the protective layer comprises a contact hole. A first metal layer disposed over the protective layer, where the first metal layer is electrically connected to the substrate through the contact hole. A second metal layer disposed over the first metal layer and a bond region disposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, where the bond region is located above a region of the protective layer without a contact hole.
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
81.
LASER TECHNIQUES FOR FOIL-BASED METALLIZATION OF SOLAR CELLS
Methods of fabricating a solar cell including metallization techniques and resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a semiconductor region can be formed in or above a substrate. A first metal layer can be formed over the semiconductor region. A laser can be applied over a first region of the metal layer to form a first metal weld between the metal layer and the semiconductor region, where applying a laser over the first region comprises applying the laser at a first scanning speed. Subsequent to applying the laser over the first region, the laser can be applied over a second region of the metal layer where applying the laser over the second region includes applying a laser at a second scanning speed. Subsequent to applying the laser over the second region, the laser can be applied over a third region of the metal layer to form a second metal weld, where applying the laser over the third region comprises applying the laser at a third scanning speed.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
82.
PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL HAVING A DISTRIBUTED SUPPORT FRAME
A photovoltaic panel having a photovoltaic module supported by a distributed support frame is described. The distributed support frame may include a support member extending over a back surface of the photovoltaic module. For example, one or more support members may extend laterally from a support hub mounted on the back surface. The distributed support frame may reduce a span length of the photovoltaic module between support locations, and thus, may reduce a likelihood that a module laminate will crack under a design load.
An alternating current (AC) module system includes branch circuits and a main service panel to receive power from the branch circuits. A photovoltaic (PV) supervisor is located between the branch circuits and the panel. The PV supervisor aggregates the power from the branch circuits. The PV supervisor also performs a nonredundant operational function for one or more of the branch circuits. The PV supervisor includes a gateway device to permit control of the operational functions.
A solar collection system may collect energy from the sun to generate electricity for distribution on an electrical grid. In addition to generating electricity, a solar collection system may include support devices such as motors, controllers, sensors, and other support devices to perform various tasks to allow the solar collection system to more effectively generate electricity. When the solar collection system is generating sufficient power, the support devices may be powered by the solar collection system. However, when the solar collection system is not generating sufficient power, the support devices may be powered by a backfeed power supply circuit coupled to the electrical grid.
A solar power system may include rails, solar modules, and a plurality of clamps to secure the solar modules to the rails. An end clamp may be partially disposed inside a rail at an end of the rail. The end clamp may secure a solar module to the rail by coupling to the frame of the solar module. The end clamp may include a fastener that may be tightened to engage the end clamp and secure the solar module by holding it on top of the rail. The end clamp may establish an electrical grounding connection between the frame of the solar module and the rail.
A photovoltaic module having an external electrical connector is described. For example, the photovoltaic module may include a plug receptacle mounted on a module laminate, and a contact may extend from a photovoltaic cell within the module laminate into a plug channel of the plug receptacle. The plug receptacle may receive a mating electrical connector, e.g., an electrical plug, of off-panel electronics. Accordingly, the contact may be removably connected to the mating electrical connector, and the photovoltaic cell may be placed in electrical connection with the off-panel electronics.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
Methods of fabricating a solar cell, and resulting solar cell are described. In an example, the method for fabricating a solar cell include forming an oxide region over a light receiving region of a silicon substrate. The method can include forming an interfacial region over the light receiving surface of the silicon substrate. The method can also include forming a first surface region comprising aluminum oxide over the interfacial region and forming a second surface region over the first surface region. In some embodiments, the first surface region can have a thickness greater than the second surface region. In one embodiment, the second surface region can have a thickness greater than the thickness of the first surface region.
H01L 31/0232 - Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
H01L 31/0376 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including amorphous semiconductors
H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
88.
PHOTOVOLTAIC ASSEMBLY HAVING CORNER-FACING ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR PORT
Photovoltaic (PV) assemblies and electrical connections for interconnecting PV modules to form PV arrays are described herein. The PV assemblies can include angled connector terminals to electrically mate with power connector ports of the PV modules. A power connector port can face a corner of a PV module. The electrical connections of the PV assemblies can simplify cable management and facilitate flexibility in arrangement and interconnection of PV modules and PV arrays.
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
89.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REWORKING SHINGLED SOLAR CELL MODULES
A high efficiency configuration for a solar cell module comprises solar cells arranged in a shingled manner to form super cells, which may be arranged to efficiently use the area of the solar module, reduce series resistance, and increase module efficiency. Removing a defective solar cell from a super cell may be difficult, however. It may therefore be advantageous to bypass defective solar cells in a super cell rather than remove and replace them. A bypass conductor may be applied to the rear surface of the super cell to bypass one or more defective solar cells in a super cell or in a solar module comprising super cells.
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H02S 40/36 - Electrical components characterised by special electrical interconnection means between two or more PV modules, e.g. electrical module-to-module connection
90.
Electrical junction box with removable sealing cover
An electrical assembly may include an enclosure having a base portion to attach the enclosure to a panel and a heat dissipating portion opposite the base portion, a circuit board having a first thermal interface on a first side of the board, a second thermal interface on a second side of the board, and a thermally conductive portion to provide enhanced thermal conduction between the first thermal interface and the second thermal interface, a power electronic device having a thermal interface coupled to the first thermal interface of the circuit board, a heat spreader arranged to transfer heat to the heat dissipating portion of the enclosure, and a thermally conductive pad coupled between the second thermal interface of the circuit board and the heat spreader.
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
H05K 5/02 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus Details
H05K 7/14 - Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
H02S 40/34 - Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
91.
Verifying status of a termination end cap of a microinverter chain
A photovoltaic (PV) system includes a system control module that determines the presence of a microinverter chain termination end cap. The end cap includes an embedded circuit. The embedded circuit includes components having resistive, reactive, or impedance values. A signal source provides a signal through the microinverter chain. A parameter for a sensed signal detected by the system control module is used to determine the presence of the end cap using a change between the parameter for the sense signal and a reference parameter.
A method of determining whether service is needed on a solar array includes gathering current data with regard to current solar array performance and environmental conditions, collecting weather data, accessing a storage for historical performance data, using the current data, weather data and historical data to generate a predicted performance, comparing the predicted performance to the current solar array performance data to determine if service is needed and generate comparison data, and analyzing the comparison data to determine a type of service needed, if service is needed.
Disclosed herein are approaches to fabricating solar cells, solar cell strings and solar modules using roll-to-roll foil-based metallization approaches. Methods disclosed herein can comprise the steps of providing at least one solar cell wafer on a first roll unit and conveying a metal foil to the first roll unit. The metal foil can be coupled to the solar cell wafer on the first roll unit to produce a unified pairing of the metal foil and the solar cell wafer. We disclose solar energy collection devices and manufacturing methods thereof enabling reduction of manufacturing costs due to simplification of the manufacturing process by a high throughput foil metallization process.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 31/05 - Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
H01L 31/02 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof - Details
A solar power system may include rails, solar modules, and a plurality of clamps to secure the solar modules to the rails. An end clamp may be partially disposed inside a rail at an end of the rail. The end clamp may secure a solar module to the rail by coupling to the frame of the solar module. The end clamp may include a fastener that may be tightened to engage the end clamp and secure the solar module by holding it on top of the rail. The end clamp may establish an electrical grounding connection between the frame of the solar module and the rail.
Devices and methods for electrically decoupling a solar module from a solar system are described. In one embodiment, a solar system includes a string of a plurality of solar modules coupled with an inverter through a DC power line. An AC input is coupled with the DC power line. A device is also included and is configured to provide a closed circuit for one of the plurality of solar modules if an AC signal voltage from the AC input is present on the DC power line, and is configured to provide an open circuit for the one of the plurality of solar modules if no AC signal voltage from the AC input is present on the DC power line.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
35 - Advertising and business services
36 - Financial, insurance and real estate services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Computer software and computer hardware for use in energy
monitoring and energy management and for use in tracking
energy usage; software for inventory management. Solar heat collection panels; solar collectors and mounting
systems for solar collectors comprised of structural
supports and mounting rails for stabilization on the ground
and for rooftop stabilization, solar collector supports, and
clamps, all sold as a unit with solar collectors. Energy usage management (terms considered too vague by the
International Bureau - rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations); energy usage management information services
(terms considered too vague by the International Bureau -
rule 13(2)(b) of the Common Regulations); home energy
assessment services for the purpose of determining energy
efficiency or usage management; information in the field of
energy efficiency (terms considered too vague by the
International Bureau - rule 13(2)(b) of the Common
Regulations); business consulting and advisory services in
the field of energy efficiency; consultation in the field of
energy efficiency. Financing services, namely, solar electric system leases,
solar power purchase agreements, and financing loans for the
purchase and installation of solar power systems. Installation, cleaning, repair, and maintenance of solar
energy based power systems and alternative energy products
for commercial use; installation, repair, and maintenance of
solar energy systems, solar collectors and solar heat
collection panels; installation of facilities to produce
solar energy, installation of ground-mounted and
roof-mounted solar panel systems. Remote monitoring, metering and data analysis of energy
usage and energy management systems; energy usage monitoring
in the nature of data analysis; temporary use of
non-downloadable computer software for use in energy
monitoring and energy management and for use in tracking
energy usage.
A wafer transfer system can include a wafer gripper for picking and placing semiconductor devices. In an embodiment, the wafer gripper can include a first portion, a second portion and a laminate between the first and second portion. In one embodiment, the first portion can comprise glass or tempered glass, where the first portion having at least one vacuum hole and is configured to receive the semiconductor device. In an embodiment, the second portion can include glass or tempered glass, the second portion having configured to use low air pressure from a closed vacuum to vacuum a wafer. In an embodiment, the laminate can bond the first portion to the second portion.
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
H01L 21/683 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components for supporting or gripping
H01L 21/673 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereofApparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components using specially adapted carriers
98.
TRI-LAYER SEMICONDUCTOR STACKS FOR PATTERNING FEATURES ON SOLAR CELLS
Tri-layer semiconductor stacks for patterning features on solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, are described herein. In an example, a solar cell includes a substrate. A semiconductor structure is disposed above the substrate. The semiconductor structure includes a P-type semiconductor layer disposed directly on a first semiconductor layer. A third semiconductor layer is disposed directly on the P-type semiconductor layer. An outermost edge of the third semiconductor layer is laterally recessed from an outermost edge of the first semiconductor layer by a width. An outermost edge of the P-type semiconductor layer is sloped from the outermost edge of the third semiconductor layer to the outermost edge of the third semiconductor layer. A conductive contact structure is electrically connected to the semiconductor structure.
H01L 31/0392 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates
H01L 31/042 - PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
H01L 31/06 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
99.
THERMOCOMPRESSION BONDING APPROACHES FOR FOIL-BASED METALLIZATION OF NON-METAL SURFACES OF SOLAR CELLS
Thermocompression bonding approaches for foil-based metallization of non-metal surfaces of solar cells, and the resulting solar cells, are described. For example, a solar cell includes a substrate and a plurality of alternating N-type and P-type semiconductor regions disposed in or above the substrate. A plurality of conductive contact structures is electrically connected to the plurality of alternating N-type and P-type semiconductor regions. Each conductive contact structure includes a metal foil portion disposed in direct contact with a corresponding one of the alternating N-type and P-type semiconductor regions.
H01L 31/0368 - SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS - Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
H01L 31/18 - Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
100.
METALLIZATION OF SOLAR CELLS WITH DIFFERENTIATED P-TYPE AND N-TYPE REGION ARCHITECTURES
Methods of fabricating solar cell emitter regions with differentiated P-type and N-type regions architectures, and resulting solar cells, are described. In an example, a back contact solar cell can include a substrate having a light-receiving surface and a back surface. A first polycrystalline silicon emitter region of a first conductivity type is disposed on a first thin dielectric layer disposed on the back surface of the substrate. A second polycrystalline silicon emitter region of a second, different, conductivity type is disposed on a second thin dielectric layer disposed on the back surface of the substrate. A third thin dielectric layer is disposed over an exposed outer portion of the first polycrystalline silicon emitter region and is disposed laterally directly between the first and second polycrystalline silicon emitter regions. A first conductive contact structure is disposed on the first polycrystalline silicon emitter region. A second conductive contact structure is disposed on the second polycrystalline silicon emitter region. Metallization methods, include etching techniques for forming a first and second conductive contact structure are also described.
