Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has a nebulizer and a humidifier providing a gas flow to the nebulizer. A controller varies humidity level of the gas flow to the nebulizer so that if the nebulizer is not operating it has about 100% humidity and it is operating the value is less to allow for the humidification effect of the nebulizer. The control may be achieved by dynamically varying proportions of flow through a dry branch and a humidification branch.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 11/06 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air

Abstract

A dispensing apparatus is for use by users to take a chamber, fill the chamber with an aerosolized vaccine or other medicament, and dispose of used chambers. A display provides instructions to encourage prompt inhalation by the user from a dispensed and filled chamber. The apparatus allows very fast administration of vaccines to large numbers of people. The aerosol dispenser apparatus detects the chamber is in correct position and delivers a pre-determined dose of aerosol. Once the dose is delivered a visual and/or audible indicator informs the user that the chamber is filled and that they can take the inhalation. The single dose aerosol chamber is optimized for efficient administration of an aerosol.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/04 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B67D 7/02 - Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants
• G07F 7/06 - Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by returnable containers, e.g. bottles
• G07F 13/02 - Coin-freed apparatus for controlling dispensing of fluids, semiliquids or granular material from reservoirs by volume
• G07F 17/00 - Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articlesCoin-freed facilities or services
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation

Abstract

Disclosed are a nebulization cup and application in nebulized inhalation administration thereof, and especially application in nebulized inhalation administration of a preventive and/or therapeutic drug for a respiratory disease (such as SARS-CoV-2 vaccine). After adding an antistatic agent, the nebulization cup can effectively maintain the stability of drug mist within a certain period of time, with stable particle size, less drug residue in the cup, thus ensuring effective inhalable amount, and the administration operation is simple and convenient, thus the nebulization cup can significantly improve the inoculation efficiency and can be used for large-scale inoculation.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A nebulizer (1, 102) has a liquid reservoir (3, 112) for supply of liquid to be aerosolized to a first surface of a vibratable aperture plate (41) with apertures having a size in the range of 1 pm to 10 pm. A drive has a piezoelectric annular element on an aperture plate support to cause the aperture plate to vibrate at a drive frequency of 128 kHz to cause droplets to separate from a side of the aperture plate opposed to the reservoir. An outlet conduit (6, 114) is for flow of droplets from the aperture plate. A sensor is arranged with an acoustic transducer in contact with the conduit outer surface to pick up an acoustic signal which is representative of a droplet plume in the conduit, and a processor analyses the signal to provide an output representative of a plume. The monitored acoustic signal frequency band is centred around half of the drive frequency because it takes on average more than one aperture plate cycle to separate a droplet.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described according to other embodiments.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/00 - Electroplating characterised by the processPretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces

Abstract

An acrosol generator core (1) has an integral body (2) and membrane (4), and a vibratory drive connected to an electrical voltage supply. In some examples the body provides the vibration drive and comprises a piezoelectric polymer (2) of P(VDF-TrFE) material. In this manner a single manufacturing operation can provide the membrane. the support. and the vibration drive. and operations such as attaching a membrane to an annular support are avoided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B06B 1/06 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system that includes an aerosol generator that aerosolizes a fluid for delivery to a patient as a patient inhales. The aerosol delivery system includes a pump coupled to the aerosol generator that pumps the fluid to the aerosol generator, and a breath sensor that emits a signal as the patient breathes. A controller couples to the aerosol generator, the pump, and the breath sensor. In operation, the controller receives the signal from the breath sensor, controls a flow of fluid to the aerosol generator in response to the signal, and controls the aerosol generator to start aerosolizing the fluid before the patient inhales.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has an aerosol generator with a vibrating aperture plate (10) and an actuator (11, 16, 17, 19), a controller (18, 19). The controller in real time monitors (201) the aerosol generator as it is driven for vibration of the aperture plate, and detects (202) a change in an electrical characteristic in response to a transition from a wet state to a dry state of the aperture plate. It automatically modifies (203, 205, 206), during the transition, operation of the aerosol generator in response to the detected change. The modification includes reducing applied power (203). The controller continues (204) to monitor during the transition, including monitoring the aperture plate for presence of residual liquid on the aperture plate first surface. The controller monitors at a number of drive frequencies and maintains data representing trends in a combination of the electrical characteristic signals at the different frequencies, and identifies a start of a transition if a calculated value rises above a threshold. There is one threshold for triggering a check scan for residual volume and a higher threshold to trigger an immediate shut down.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

A high flow nasal therapy system (1) has a gas supply (2), a nebulizer (12), and a nasal interface (7). There are two branches (11, 10) and a valve (6) linked with the controller, the branches including a first branch (11) for delivery of aerosol and a second branch (10) for delivery of non-aerosolized gas. The controller controls delivery into the branches (11, 10), in which flow is unidirectional in the first and second branches, from the gas supply towards the nasal interface. The first branch (11) includes the nebulizer (12) and a line configured to store a bolus of aerosol during flow through the second branch (10). The valve (6) comprises a Y-junction between the gas inlet on one side and the branches on the other side.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/10 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices

Abstract

A photo-resist (21) is applied in a pattern or vertical columns having the dimensions of holes or pores of the aperture plate to be produced. This mask pattern provides the apertures which define the aerosol particle size, having up to 2500 holes per square mm. There is electro-deposition of metal (22) into the spaces around the columns (21). There is further application of a second photo-resist mask (25) of much larger (wider and taller) columns, encompassing the area of a number of first columns (21). The hole diameter in the second plating layer is chosen according to a desired flow rate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated

Abstract

A system for delivery of aerosol therapy to spontaneously breathing patients comprises a housing which defines a chamber. The housing has a base, a top and a main body extending between the base and the top. An ambient air inlet is located adjacent to the base and is normally closed by an inlet valve. The housing also has a patient port for receiving a mouthpiece or a face mask. The mouthpiece has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Similarly, the face mask has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Exhaled air is exhausted through the valves and to prevent recirculation through the chamber which would adversely affect dose efficiencies. The housing also has an aerosol port for receiving a vibrating mesh aerosol generating device. The aerosol port is located in a side of the main body of the housing for delivery of aerosol into the chamber between the inlet valve and the patient port. A boss extends upwardly from the base and is spaced-apart inwardly of the main body of the housing to define a reception space or well.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has a nebulizer and a humidifier providing a gas flow to the nebulizer. A controller varies humidity level of the gas flow to the nebulizer so that if the nebulizer is not operating it has about 100% humidity and it is operating the value is less to allow for the humidification effect of the nebulizer. The control may be achieved by dynamically varying proportions of flow through a dry branch and a humidification branch.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 11/06 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air

Abstract

A patient interface (1) is for aerosol treatment, having a base (2) to surround the patients mouth and nose and engage the skin with a resilient seal, and with a strap (8) to attach to a patients head. There is a support (3) on and across the base for supporting an aerosol delivery head with prongs (4, 5). An enclosed volume is formed in the interface by attachment of a shell (10), which has an extraction port (11) for attachment of an extraction system (20) to extract gas from this volume. An HFNT system includes a patient interface surrounding the nose and mouth and an aerosol delivery apparatus (4, 6), an extraction apparatus (20), and a controller (100) to control delivery of aerosol and/or gas to the interface and to extract gases from a volume enclosed by the interface. Because of the fully sealed volume within the interface there are a wide range of control scenarios possible, using pressure sensing in the volume, bypass valves (201), dynamically-controllable nebulizer (203).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/10 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aperture plate, a mounting, an actuator, and an aperture plate drive circuit (2-4). A controller measures an electrical drive parameter at each of a plurality of measuring points, each measuring point having a drive frequency; and based on the values of the parameter at the measuring points makes a determination of optimum drive frequency and also an end-of-dose prediction. The controller performs a short scan at regular sub-second intervals at which drive current is measured at two measuring points with different drive frequencies. According to drive parameter measurements at these points the controller determines if a full scan sweeping across a larger number of measuring points should be performed. The full scan provides the optimum drive frequency for the device and also an end of dose indication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object Details
• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• G16H 20/10 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

A method for aerosolising a liquid comprises the steps of: —providing an aperture plate having at least 100 outlet holes per mm; delivering liquid to the aperture plate; and vibrating the aperture plate to produce an aerosol. The viscosity of the liquid is in the range of from 1 to 15 cP and the surface tension of the liquid is in the range of from 72 to 0.5 mN/m. The output rate of the generated aerosol is greater than 0.01 mL/min.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

An aperture plate (1) is attached at its rim (203) to a support washer (3) by adhesive. Anchor grooves (204) having a zig-zag pattern in plan are machined in the lower surface of the rim (203 of the aperture plate before application of the adhesive. The grooves (204) extend out to the edge of the aperture plate (1). The anchor grooves have a depth in the range of 10 μm to 40 μm, and a width in the range of 20 μm to 150 μm, and an angular pitch in the range of 2.5° to 12.5°. Excellent bonding strength is achieved for long term reliable attachment in an environment of high frequency vibration and moisture and chemical corrosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

A gas therapy system (1) has a flow line (3, 2), a coupler (6) to a gas source, and an aerosol generator (4) for aerosol delivery, and a patient interface such as a nasal interface (2). A controller (10) is configured to modulate gas flow and aerosol delivery in real time. The controller changes gas flow rate and dynamically reduces aerosol delivery during upper gas flow rates such as 60 LPM, and activates aerosol delivery during lower gas flow rates of for example 10 LPM. The control may also include sensors to detect breathing, so that there is a bias towards increased aerosol delivery during inhalation in addition to during lower level gas flow.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aerosol generator, a reservoir, and an aerosol outlet. A piezoelectric vibration generator is on a downstream side of a support washer, and power to the piezo is provided by a spring contact assembly. The assembly has upstanding electrical terminals for contact with electrical supply conductors. There are spring terminals extending around a rim of the spring contact assembly to engage an exposed underside of the washer, and a resilient ridge extending in the upstream direction to engage the underside of the piezo, which itself is on the downstream side of the washer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

In one arrangement, a vibration system includes a vibratable plate, a support member surrounding the vibratable plate, and a vibration-inducing member surrounding the support member. The vibration-inducing member is configured to radially expand and contract against the support member so as to produce axial vibration of the vibratable plate. In another arrangement, the vibratable plate has an outer circumference; a tubular member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the plate, and an annular vibration-inducing member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the tubular member. The vibration-inducing member is preferably a piezoelectric ring that is radially expandable and contractable against the wall of the tubular member to cause the plate to vibrate in the axial direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/04 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods
• H01L 41/053 - Mounts, supports, enclosures or casings
• H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described according to other embodiments.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• C25D 5/00 - Electroplating characterised by the processPretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces

Abstract

An aerosol generator with electrical power conducting pins has a vibratable plate with apertures therein and an annular piezo. An annular support member supports the piezo and the vibratable plate. A first electrical power conducting pin engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo. A second electrical power conducting pin indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo, by contacting an extension tab. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab. The aerosol generator avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

An aperture plate is manufactured by plating metal around a mask of resist columns having a desired size, pitch, and profile, which yields a wafer about 60 μm thickness. This is approximately the full desired target aperture plate thickness. The plating is continued so that the metal overlies the top surfaces of the columns until the desired apertures are achieved. This needs only one masking/plating cycle to achieve the desired plate thickness. Also, the plate has passageways formed beneath the apertures, formed as an integral part of the method, by mask material removal. These are suitable for entrainment of aerosolized droplets exiting the apertures.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 1/02 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 1/06 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
• C25D 7/04 - TubesRingsHollow bodies
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aerosol generator mounted in a housing, and has a vibratable aperture plate mounted to an annular support and to which is attached a vibration generator piezo. A downstream annular resilient seal is mounted between the housing and the washer on a side of the aperture plate opposed to the liquid supply reservoir. An upstream resilient seal is in the form of a gasket and is mounted between the washer and the housing reservoir, and has an opening forming part of a throat over the aperture plate. The gasket has a washer-shaped body extending radially from a downstream-extending rim adjacent the aperture plate. There are two upwardly-directed ridges for engagement with a housing surface, and the gasket is configured so that when under axial compression the opening internal surface is tapered inwardly in a flow direction to form a funnel shape.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

A nebuliser control device has a manually adjustable user interface and a cable extending from the interface to a power source, and a cable extending from the interface to an aerosol generator. The interface is manually adjustable by physical movement of an actuator such a slider or a rotating knob to locally control the operation of the aerosol generator.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A nebulizer device has an aerosol generator mounted in a housing, and a mouthpiece. The device is adapted for delivery of an active agent in an aerosol into the buccal cavity, with droplet size greater than 10 μm. Aerosolization is started at or after the end of breath inhalation and is stopped at or before the start of breath inhalation. The flow is via mouthpiece with internal ridges which periodically narrow the flow path volume to so that droplets coalesce in the flow path before the mesh.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A dispensing apparatus is for use by users to take a chamber, fill the chamber with an aerosolized vaccine or other medicament, and dispose of used chambers. A display provides instructions to encourage prompt inhalation by the user from a dispensed and filled chamber. The apparatus allows very fast administration of vaccines to large numbers of people. The aerosol dispenser apparatus detects the chamber is in correct position and delivers a pre-determined dose of aerosol. Once the dose is delivered a visual and/or audible indicator informs the user that the chamber is filled and that they can take the inhalation. The single dose aerosol chamber is optimized for efficient administration of an aerosol.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/04 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B67D 7/02 - Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants
• G07F 7/06 - Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by returnable containers, e.g. bottles
• G07F 13/02 - Coin-freed apparatus for controlling dispensing of fluids, semiliquids or granular material from reservoirs by volume
• G07F 17/00 - Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articlesCoin-freed facilities or services
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• G16H 40/63 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for local operation

Abstract

A single dose aerosol chamber is used with a dispensing apparatus by users to take a chamber, fill the chamber with an aerosolized vaccine, and dispose of used chambers. A display provides instructions to encourage prompt inhalation by the user from a dispensed and filled chamber. The station allows very fast administration of vaccines to large numbers of people. The aerosol dispenser apparatus detects the chamber is in correct position and delivers a pre-determined dose of aerosol. The chamber has a nebulizer delivery port optimized for delivery of aerosol into the chamber container and to act as a vent during inhalation via the inhalation port.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/04 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by the vapour pressure of the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A coupling part with integrated aerosol generator for use in a breathing circuit, comprising a housing (10) enclosing a cavity (V), having a first opening at a first end prepared for direct or indirect connection to a ventilator, a second opening at a second end, which is suitable for direct or indirect connection to a patient line or an endotracheal tube, wherein an aerosol generator (20) is integrated in one side of the housing and is suitable for delivering an aerosolised liquid, in particular a medicament.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes

Abstract

An aerosol generator has a vibratable plate with apertures therein and an annular piezo which causes movement of the vibratable plate. An annular support member supports the piezo and the vibratable plate. A first electrical power conducting pin engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo. A second electrical power conducting pin indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo, by contacting an extension tab of the support member, also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab, providing excellent gripping force between the pin and the support. The aerosol generator avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aperture plate, a mounting, an actuator, and an aperture plate drive circuit (2-4). A controller measures an electrical drive parameter at each of a plurality of measuring points, each measuring point having a drive frequency; and based on the values of the parameter at the measuring points makes a determination of optimum drive frequency and also an end-of-dose prediction. The controller performs a short scan at regular sub-second intervals at which drive current is measured at two measuring points with different drive frequencies. According to drive parameter measurements at these points the controller determines if a full scan sweeping across a larger number of measuring points should be performed. The full scan provides the optimum drive frequency for the device and also an end of dose indication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object Details
• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• G16H 20/10 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system that includes an aerosol generator that aerosolizes a fluid for delivery to a patient as a patient inhales. The aerosol delivery system includes a pump coupled to the aerosol generator that pumps the fluid to the aerosol generator, and a breath sensor that emits a signal as the patient breathes. A controller couples to the aerosol generator, the pump, and the breath sensor. In operation, the controller receives the signal from the breath sensor, controls a flow of fluid to the aerosol generator in response to the signal, and controls the aerosol generator to start aerosolizing the fluid before the patient inhales.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

A nebulizer comprises a controller linked at its output to a nebulizer head, and at its input to a USB cable and USB plug for connection to a host system. The link between the USB plug and the controller is a USB cable with power and data channels. The controller comprises a boost circuit, a microcontroller 11, and a drive circuit. The latter provides power and control signals via a cable and proprietary plug to the nebulizer head. These signals provide power and control for a vibrating membrane receiving a liquid to be aerosolised. The controller has a housing with LED status lamps, and an ON/OFF button. The controller can be controlled via a host, either locally or remotely.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area

Abstract

A digital processor of a nebulizer controller controls and monitors drive current (I) applied to an aperture plate. The drive current is detected as a series of discrete values at each of multiple measuring points, each having a particular drive frequency The processor in real time calculates a slope or rate of change of drive current with frequency and additionally determines a minimum value for drive current leading up to the peak value. The processor uses both the value of the minimum drive current during the scan and also the maximum slope value to achieve reliable prediction of end of dose, when the aperture plate becomes dry.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy

Abstract

A supplemental oxygen delivery system is described in which Aerosol is delivered into a housing 10, 20, which sits in the circuit from the supplemental oxygen supply and optional humidifier. The supplemental oxygen passes through this chamber 10, 20 in which the aerosol is located, and collects the aerosol transporting it to a patient via a nasal cannula 3 or a face mask 4. An aerosol generator 9 is mounted to the housing 10, 20 and delivers aerosol into an oxygen stream 13 flowing between an inlet 14 and an outlet 15 of the housing 10. The housing 10 also has a removable plug 16 in the base 17 thereof for draining any liquid that accumulates in the housing 10. There is no disruption of oxygen delivery to patients using nasal cannulas who currently have to use a separate face-mask when receiving nebulized medication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

A method of delivering aerosolized surfactant to an infant that includes interfacing an aerosolization device with an airway of an infant and aerosolizing, using the aerosolization device, a volume of surfactant into particles having a mass mean aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of less than about 3 μm at a rate of at least 0.1 ml/min. The surfactant is aerosolized within about 1 to 8 cm from a patient interface. Aerosol is generated for up to approximately 80% or each inspiration. The method also includes delivering the aerosolized surfactant to the infant's airway.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 39/10 - Tube connectors or tube couplings

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described according to other embodiments.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• C25D 5/00 - Electroplating characterised by the processPretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has a nebulizer and a humidifier providing a gas flow to the nebulizer. A controller varies humidity level of the gas flow to the nebulizer so that if the nebulizer is not operating it has about 100% humidity and it is operating the value is less to allow for the humidification effect of the nebulizer. The control may be achieved by dynamically varying proportions of flow through a dry branch and a humidification branch.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 11/06 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes

Abstract

An aperture plate (1) is attached at its rim (203) to a support washer (3) by adhesive. Anchor grooves (204) having a zig-zag pattern in plan are machined in the lower surface of the rim (203 of the aperture plate before application of the adhesive. The grooves (204) extend out to the edge of the aperture plate (1). The anchor grooves have a depth in the range of 10 μm to 40 μm, and a width in the range of 20 μm to 150 μm, and an angular pitch in the range of 2.5° to 12.5°. Excellent bonding strength is achieved for long term reliable attachment in an environment of high frequency vibration and moisture and chemical corrosion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

In one arrangement, a vibration system includes a vibratable plate, a support member surrounding the vibratable plate, and a vibration-inducing member surrounding the support member. The vibration-inducing member is configured to radially expand and contract against the support member so as to produce axial vibration of the vibratable plate. In another arrangement, the vibratable plate has an outer circumference; a tubular member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the plate, and an annular vibration-inducing member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the tubular member. The vibration-inducing member is preferably a piezoelectric ring that is radially expandable and contractable against the wall of the tubular member to cause the plate to vibrate in the axial direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/04 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• H01L 41/09 - Piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements with electrical input and mechanical output
• H01L 41/053 - Mounts, supports, enclosures or casings

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has an aerosol generator with a vibrating aperture plate (10) and an actuator (11, 16, 17, 19), a controller (18, 19). The controller in real time monitors (201) the aerosol generator as it is driven for vibration of the aperture plate, and detects (202) a change in an electrical characteristic in response to a transition from a wet state to a dry state of the aperture plate. It automatically modifies (203, 205, 206), during the transition, operation of the aerosol generator in response to the detected change. The modification includes reducing applied power (203). The controller continues (204) to monitor during the transition, including monitoring the aperture plate for presence of residual liquid on the aperture plate first surface. The controller monitors at a number of drive frequencies and maintains data representing trends in a combination of the electrical characteristic signals at the different frequencies, and identifies a start of a transition if a calculated value rises above a threshold. There is one threshold for triggering a check scan for residual volume and a higher threshold to trigger an immediate shut down.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A supplemental oxygen delivery system is described in which Aerosol is delivered into a housing 10, 20, which sits in the circuit from the supplemental oxygen supply and optional humidifier. The supplemental oxygen passes through this chamber 10, 20 in which the aerosol is located, and collects the aerosol transporting it to a patient via a nasal cannula 3 or a face mask 4. An aerosol generator 9 is mounted to the housing 10, 20 and delivers aerosol into an oxygen stream 13 flowing between an inlet 14 and an outlet 15 of the housing 10. The housing 10 also has a removable plug 16 in the base 17 thereof for draining any liquid that accumulates in the housing 10. There is no disruption of oxygen delivery to patients using nasal cannulas who currently have to use a separate face-mask when receiving nebulized medication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

A high flow nasal therapy system (1) has a gas supply (2), a nebulizer (12), and a nasal interface (7). There are two branches (11, 10) and a valve (6) linked with the controller, the branches including a first branch (11) for delivery of aerosol and a second branch (10) for delivery of non-aerosolized gas. The controller controls delivery into the branches (11, 10), in which flow is unidirectional in the first and second branches, from the gas supply towards the nasal interface. The first branch (11) includes the nebulizer (12) and a line configured to store a bolus of aerosol during flow through the second branch (10). The valve (6) comprises a Y-junction between the gas inlet on one side and the branches on the other side.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/10 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes

Abstract

A gas therapy system (1) has a flow line (3, 2), a coupler (6) to a gas source, and an aerosol generator (4) for aerosol delivery, and a patient interface such as a nasal interface (2). A controller (10) is configured to modulate gas flow and aerosol delivery in real time. The controller changes gas flow rate and dynamically reduces aerosol delivery during upper gas flow rates such as 60 LPM, and activates aerosol delivery during lower gas flow rates of for example 10 LPM. The control may also include sensors to detect breathing, so that there is a bias towards increased aerosol delivery during inhalation in addition to during lower level gas flow.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air

Abstract

A photo-resist (21) is applied in a pattern or vertical columns having the dimensions of holes or pores of the aperture plate to be produced. This mask pattern provides the apertures which define the aerosol particle size, having up to 2500 holes per square mm. There is electro-deposition of metal (22) into the spaces around the columns (21). There is further application of a second photo-resist mask (25) of much larger (wider and taller) columns, encompassing the area of a number of first columns (21). The hole diameter in the second plating layer is chosen according to a desired flow rate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• C25D 3/56 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of alloys

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aperture plate, a mounting, an actuator, and an aperture plate drive circuit (2-4). A controller measures an electrical drive parameter at each of a plurality of measuring points, each measuring point having a drive frequency; and based on the values of the parameter at the measuring points makes a determination of optimum drive frequency and also an end-of-dose prediction. The controller performs a short scan at regular sub-second intervals at which drive current is measured at two measuring points with different drive frequencies. According to drive parameter measurements at these points the controller determines if a full scan sweeping across a larger number of measuring points should be performed. The full scan provides the optimum drive frequency for the device and also an end of dose indication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object Details
• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• G16H 20/10 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

An aperture plate is manufactured by plating metal around a mask of resist columns having a desired size, pitch, and profile, which yields a wafer about 60 μm thickness. This is approximately the full desired target aperture plate thickness. The plating is continued so that the metal overlies the top surfaces of the columns until the desired apertures are achieved. This needs only one masking/plating cycle to achieve the desired plate thickness. Also, the plate has passageways formed beneath the apertures, formed as an integral part of the method, by mask material removal. These are suitable for entrainment of aerosolized droplets exiting the apertures.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 1/02 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• C25D 7/04 - TubesRingsHollow bodies
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A system for delivery of aerosol therapy to spontaneously breathing patients comprises a housing which defines a chamber. The housing has a base, a top and a main body extending between the base and the top. An ambient air inlet is located adjacent to the base and is normally closed by an inlet valve. The housing also has a patient port for receiving a mouthpiece or a face mask. The mouthpiece has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Similarly, the face mask has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Exhaled air is exhausted through the valves and to prevent recirculation through the chamber which would adversely affect dose efficiencies. The housing also has an aerosol port for receiving a vibrating mesh aerosol generating device. The aerosol port is located in a side of the main body of the housing for delivery of aerosol into the chamber between the inlet valve and the patient port. A boss extends upwardly from the base and is spaced-apart inwardly of the main body of the housing to define a reception space or well.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A nebulizer comprises a controller linked at its output to a nebulizer head, and at its input to a USB cable and USB plug for connection to a host system. The link between the USB plug and the controller is a USB cable with power and data channels. The controller comprises a boost circuit, a microcontroller 11, and a drive circuit. The latter provides power and control signals via a cable and proprietary plug to the nebulizer head. These signals provide power and control for a vibrating membrane receiving a liquid to be aerosolised. The controller has a housing with LED status lamps, and an ON/OFF button. The controller can be controlled via a host, either locally or remotely.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system that includes an aerosol generator that aerosolizes a fluid for delivery to a patient as a patient inhales. The aerosol delivery system includes a pump coupled to the aerosol generator that pumps the fluid to the aerosol generator, and a breath sensor that emits a signal as the patient breathes. A controller couples to the aerosol generator, the pump, and the breath sensor. In operation, the controller receives the signal from the breath sensor, controls a flow of fluid to the aerosol generator in response to the signal, and controls the aerosol generator to start aerosolizing the fluid before the patient inhales.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system that includes an aerosol generator that aerosolizes a fluid for delivery to a patient. The aerosol generator includes a housing with a fluid chamber that fluidly communicates with a housing inlet and a housing outlet. Within the housing, the aerosol generator includes a support plate with an aperture that fluidly communicates with the housing outlet. A vibratable member couples to the support plate across the aperture. A piezoelectric actuator also couples to the support plate, and in operation expands and contracts to vibrate the vibratable member, which aerosolizes a fluid. The aerosol generator receives fluid through a fluid conduit that couples to the housing.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system that includes an aerosol generator that aerosolizes a fluid for delivery to a patient as a patient inhales. The aerosol delivery system includes a pump coupled to the aerosol generator that pumps the fluid to the aerosol generator, and a breath sensor that emits a signal as the patient breathes. A controller couples to the aerosol generator, the pump, and the breath sensor. In operation, the controller receives the signal from the breath sensor, controls a flow of fluid to the aerosol generator in response to the signal, and controls the aerosol generator to start aerosolizing the fluid before the patient inhales.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/04 - Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

A digital processor of a nebulizer controller controls and monitors drive current (I) applied to an aperture plate. The drive current is detected as a series of discrete values at each of multiple measuring points, each having a particular drive frequency The processor in real time calculates a slope or rate of change of drive current with frequency and additionally determines a minimum value for drive current leading up to the peak value. The processor uses both the value of the minimum drive current during the scan and also the maximum slope value to achieve reliable prediction of end of dose, when the aperture plate becomes dry.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aperture plate, a mounting, an actuator, and an aperture plate drive circuit (2-4). A controller measures an electrical drive parameter at each of a plurality of measuring points, each measuring point having a drive frequency; and based on the values of the parameter at the measuring points makes a determination of optimum drive frequency and also an end-of-dose prediction. The controller performs a short scan at regular sub-second intervals at which drive current is measured at two measuring points with different drive frequencies. According to drive parameter measurements at these points the controller determines if a full scan sweeping across a larger number of measuring points should be performed. The full scan provides the optimum drive frequency for the device and also an end of dose indication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object Details
• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• G06F 19/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications (specially adapted for specific functions G06F 17/00;data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes G06Q;healthcare informatics G16H)
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• G16H 20/13 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered from dispensers
• B05B 15/14 - Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired placesArrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

2; delivering liquid to the aperture plate; and vibrating the aperture plate to produce an aerosol. The viscosity of the liquid is in the range of from 1 to 15 cP and the surface tension of the liquid is in the range of from 72 to 0.5 mN/m. The output rate of the generated aerosol is greater than 0.01 mL/min.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described according to other embodiments.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces

Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

A supplemental oxygen delivery system is described in which Aerosol is delivered into a housing 10, 20, which sits in the circuit from the supplemental oxygen supply and optional humidifier. The supplemental oxygen passes through this chamber 10, 20 in which the aerosol is located, and collects the aerosol transporting it to a patient via a nasal cannula 3 or a face mask 4. An aerosol generator 9 is mounted to the housing 10, 20 and delivers aerosol into an oxygen stream 13 flowing between an inlet 14 and an outlet 15 of the housing 10. The housing 10 also has a removable plug 16 in the base 17 thereof for draining any liquid that accumulates in the housing 10. There is no disruption of oxygen delivery to patients using nasal cannulas who currently have to use a separate face-mask when receiving nebulized medication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

An aerosol delivery system has a nebulizer and a humidifier providing a gas flow to the nebulizer. A controller varies humidity level of the gas flow to the nebulizer so that if the nebulizer is not operating it has about 100% humidity and it is operating the value is less to allow for the humidification effect of the nebulizer. The control may be achieved by dynamically varying proportions of flow through a dry branch and a humidification branch.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 11/06 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes of the injector type
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes

Abstract

A high flow nasal therapy system (1) has a gas supply (2), a nebulizer (12), and a nasal interface (7). There are two branches (11, 10) and a valve (6) linked with the controller, the branches including a first branch (11) for delivery of aerosol and a second branch (10) for delivery of non-aerosolized gas. The controller controls delivery into the branches (11, 10), in which flow is unidirectional in the first and second branches, from the gas supply towards the nasal interface. The first branch (11) includes the nebulizer (12) and a line configured to store a bolus of aerosol during flow through the second branch (10). The valve (6) comprises a Y-junction between the gas inlet on one side and the branches on the other side.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
• A61M 15/08 - Inhaling devices inserted into the nose
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/10 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes

Abstract

An aerosol generator (100) has a vibratable plate (1) with apertures therein and an annular piezo (2) which causes movement of the vibratable plate (1). An annular support member (3) supports the piezo (2) and the vibratable plate (1). A first electrical power conducting pin (10) engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo (2). A second electrical power conducting pin (11) indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo (2), by contacting an extension tab (103) of the support member (20), also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab (103), providing excellent gripping force between the pin (11) and the support (3). The aerosol generator (100) avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips (50) for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces

Abstract

An aperture plate is manufactured by plating metal around a mask of resist columns having a desired size, pitch, and profile, which yields a wafer about 60 μm thickness. This is approximately the full desired target aperture plate thickness. The plating is continued so that the metal overlies the top surfaces of the columns until the desired apertures are achieved. This needs only one masking/plating cycle to achieve the desired plate thickness. Also, the plate has passageways formed beneath the apertures, formed as an integral part of the method, by mask material removal. These are suitable for entrainment of aerosolized droplets exiting the apertures.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 7/04 - TubesRingsHollow bodies
• B05B 1/02 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A nebulizer has an aperture plate, a mounting, an actuator, and an aperture plate drive circuit (2-4). A controller measures an electrical drive parameter at each of a plurality of measuring points, each measuring point having a drive frequency; and based on the values of the parameter at the measuring points makes a determination of optimum drive frequency and also an end-of-dose prediction. The controller performs a short scan at regular sub-second intervals at which drive current is measured at two measuring points with different drive frequencies. According to drive parameter measurements at these points the controller determines if a full scan sweeping across a larger number of measuring points should be performed. The full scan provides the optimum drive frequency for the device and also an end of dose indication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic wavesVisualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object Details
• G01N 29/42 - Detecting the response signal by frequency filtering
• G06F 19/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications (specially adapted for specific functions G06F 17/00;data processing systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes G06Q;healthcare informatics G16H)
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B06B 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target

Abstract

A system for delivery of aerosol therapy to spontaneously breathing patients comprises a housing which defines a chamber. The housing has a base, a top and a main body extending between the base and the top. An ambient air inlet is located adjacent to the base and is normally closed by an inlet valve. The housing also has a patient port for receiving a mouthpiece or a face mask. The mouthpiece has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Similarly, the face mask has an exhaust outlet closed by an exhaust valve. Exhaled air is exhausted through the valves and to prevent recirculation through the chamber which would adversely affect dose efficiencies. The housing also has an aerosol port for receiving a vibrating mesh aerosol generating device. The aerosol port is located in a side of the main body of the housing for delivery of aerosol into the chamber between the inlet valve and the patient port. A boss extends upwardly from the base and is spaced-apart inwardly of the main body of the housing to define a reception space or well.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/02 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air pressure applied to the liquid to be sprayed or atomised
• A61M 16/20 - Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A photo-resist (21) is applied in a pattern of vertical columns having the dimensions of holes or pores of the aperture plate to be produced. This mask pattern provides the apertures which define the aerosol particle size, having up to 2500 holes per square mm. There is electro-deposition of metal (22) into the spaces around the columns (21). There is further application of a second photo-resist mask (25) of much larger (wider and taller) columns, encompassing the area of a number of first columns (21). The hole diameter in the second plating layer is chosen according to a desired flow rate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• C25D 3/56 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of alloys
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass

Abstract

A photo-resist is applied in a pattern of vertical columns having the dimensions of holes or pores of the aperture plate to be produced. This mask pattern provides the apertures which define the aerosol particle size, having up to 2500 holes per square mm. There is electro-deposition of metal into the spaces around the columns. There is further application of a second photo-resist mask of much larger (wider and taller) columns, encompassing the area of a number of first columns. The hole diameter in the second plating layer is chosen according to a desired flow rate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25D 1/08 - Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• C25D 3/56 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of alloys

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aperture plate includes depositing a releasable seed layer above a substrate, applying a first patterned photolithography mask above the releasable seed layer, the first patterned photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a desired aperture pattern, electroplating a first material above the exposed portions of the releasable seed layer and defined by the first mask, applying a second photolithography mask above the first material, the second photolithography mask having a negative pattern to a first cavity, electroplating a second material above the exposed portions of the first material and defined by the second mask, removing both masks, and etching the releasable seed layer to release the first material and the second material. The first and second material form an aperture plate for use in aerosolizing a liquid. Other aperture plates and methods of producing aperture plates are described according to other embodiments.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 1/00 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
• C25D 7/00 - Electroplating characterised by the article coated
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B41J 2/16 - Production of nozzles
• C25D 5/02 - Electroplating of selected surface areas
• C25D 5/10 - Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
• C25D 1/00 - Electroforming
• C25D 3/38 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of copper
• C25D 3/46 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of silver
• C25D 3/48 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of gold
• C25D 3/54 - ElectroplatingBaths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups
• C25D 5/34 - Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
• C25D 5/48 - After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
• C25D 5/54 - Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces

Abstract

A nebulizer comprises a controller linked at its output to a nebulizer head, and at its input to a USB cable and USB plug for connection to a host system. The link between the USB plug and the controller is a USB cable with power and data channels. The controller comprises a boost circuit, a microcontroller 11, and a drive circuit. The latter provides power and control signals via a cable and proprietary plug to the nebulizer head. These signals provide power and control for a vibrating membrane receiving a liquid to be aerosolized. The controller has a housing with LED status lamps, and an ON/OFF button. The controller can be controlled via a host, either locally or remotely.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 12/00 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area

Abstract

A supplemental oxygen delivery system is described in which Aerosol is delivered into a housing which sits in the circuit from the supplemental oxygen supply and optional humidifier. The supplemental oxygen passes through this chamber in which the aerosol is located, and collects the aerosol transporting it to a patient via a nasal cannula or a face mask. An aerosol generator is mounted to the housing and delivers aerosol into an oxygen stream flowing between an inlet and an outlet of the housing. The housing also has a removable plug in the base thereof for draining any liquid that accumulates in the housing. There is no disruption of oxygen delivery to patients using nasal cannulas who currently have to use a separate face-mask when receiving nebulized medication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• A61M 16/16 - Devices to humidify the respiration air
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/14 - Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 16/06 - Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• A61M 16/08 - BellowsConnecting tubes
• B05B 12/08 - Arrangements for controlling deliveryArrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material discharged, of ambient medium or of target
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

An aperture plate is formed from a palladium nickel alloy comprising about 89% palladium and about 11% nickel. There is a generally fine substantially equiaxed grain microstructure throughout the thickness of the aperture plate. The average grain width (W) is in the range of from 0.2 μm to 5.0 μm, in some cases from 0.2 μm to 2.0 μm. Because the grain structure is equiaxed (L/W=1) the grain length (L) is the same as the grain width. The improved aperture plate extends the life of nebulizers, eliminates the risk of premature and unpredictable failure of a nebulizer in service, eliminates the risk of product returns from hospitals and patients, and eliminates the possible risk of fragments of the aperture plate breaking free from the nebulizer.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations

Abstract

An aerosol generator has a vibratable plate with apertures therein and an annular piezo which causes movement of the vibratable plate. An annular support member supports the piezo and the vibratable plate. A first electrical power conducting pin engages directly with a first, top, surface of the piezo. A second electrical power conducting pin indirectly conducts electrical power to a second surface of the piezo, by contacting an extension tab of the support member, also on its top side. There is a film of cured epoxy adhesive on the tab, providing excellent gripping force between the pin and the support. The aerosol generator avoids need for soldered joints for electrical contact, and the pins are conveniently mounted parallel to each on the on the same lateral and top side of the piezo and support member. The pins may have multi-point tips for particularly effective electrical contact.

IPC Classes  ?

• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass
• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators

Abstract

A supplemental oxygen delivery system is described in which Aerosol is delivered into a housing 10, 20, which sits in the circuit from the supplemental oxygen supply and optional humidifier. The supplemental oxygen passes through this chamber 10, 20 in which the aerosol is located, and collects the aerosol transporting it to a patient via a nasal cannula 3 or a face mask 4. An aerosol generator 9 is mounted to the housing 10, 20 and delivers aerosol into an oxygen stream 13 flowing between an inlet 14 and an outlet 15 of the housing 10. The housing 10 also has a removable plug 16 in the base 17 thereof for draining any liquid that accumulates in the housing 10. There is no disruption of oxygen delivery to patients using nasal cannulas who currently have to use a separate face-mask when receiving nebulized medication.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

A nebulizer 1 particularly for home use includes a housing 2 having an aerosol generator 3 mounted therein. The housing is closed by a hinged cap 4 and has an outlet 5 through which aerosol generated by the generator 3 is delivered. A suitable connector such as a mouthpiece 6 may be connected to the outlet 5. The housing 2 has a receiver for receiving a nebule 8. The receiver includes a slot 7 which is sized and/or shaped to accommodate only a nebule 8 of predetermined shape and/or size. The nebulizer cap 4 has a nebule opening device which may be in the form of a puncture pin 10 projecting therefrom to pierce the nebule 8 when the cap is moved to the closed position. The pin 10 is hollow or splined to regulate flow from the nebule. The nebulizer 1 also has a switch device for enabling operation of the aerosol generator 3 when the nebule 8 is opened. The switch device comprises a microswitch 12 on the housing which is engageable by a trigger 13 on the cap 4 when the cap is moved to the closed position. Aerosol generated by the aerosol generator 3 is delivered into a chamber defined by the nebulizer housing 2. Air passes into the chamber through air inlets 30. The air entrains the aerosolized medicament and the entrained aerosolized medicament is delivered from the nebulizer through the outlet 5.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes

Abstract

In one arrangement, a vibration system includes a vibratable plate, a support member surrounding the vibratable plate, and a vibration-inducing member surrounding the support member. The vibration-inducing member is configured to radially expand and contract against the support member so as to produce axial vibration of the vibratable plate. In another arrangement, the vibratable plate has an outer circumference; a tubular member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the plate, and an annular vibration-inducing member is concentrically disposed about the outer circumference of the tubular member. The vibration-inducing member is preferably a piezoelectric ring that is radially expandable and contractable against the wall of the tubular member to cause the plate to vibrate in the axial direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 15/00 - Inhalators
• A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators Tracheal tubes
• A61M 11/00 - Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
• B05B 17/06 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods using ultrasonic vibrations
• B05B 3/02 - Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
• B05B 1/26 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectorsBreaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
• B05B 17/04 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass operating with special methods
• B05B 1/08 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities
• B05B 3/04 - Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
• B05B 1/00 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
• B05B 17/00 - Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by any other group of this subclass