Abstract

The invention disclosed generally relates to a heat exchange system comprising an outer tube, an inner tube generally located within the outer tube and comprising a longitudinal axis running along the length of the inner tube, and a fixed elongate member located within the inner tube and comprising a longitudinal axis running along the length of the elongate member. The inner tube is mounted on a rotational drive system to rotate the inner tube about its longitudinal axis. The system further includes at least one inlet and at least one outlet. One or more projecting members project from an outer surface of the elongate member, an outer surface of the inner tube or an inner surface of the outer tube.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• F28D 11/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus employing moving conduits the movement being rotary, e.g. performed by a drum or roller performed by a tube or a bundle of tubes
• F28F 1/40 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
• F28F 5/00 - Elements specially adapted for movement
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
• B09B 3/40 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
• B09B 3/70 - Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
• C02F 11/18 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by thermal conditioning

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a system and process for the equalization of pressures of a flow stream across one or more valves is provided. A process circuit having clean non-abrasive fluid and at least one slave cylinder for transmitting pressure to a process flow stream is employed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05D 16/20 - Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
• F17D 1/14 - Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
• F04B 9/10 - Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
• B01D 35/157 - Flow control valvesDamping or calibrated passages
• C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
• C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
• C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
• C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
• C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
• C10L 1/12 - Inorganic compounds
• B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• F17D 1/20 - Arrangements or systems of devices for influencing or altering dynamic characteristics of the systems, e.g. for damping pulsations caused by opening or closing of valves
• B01D 37/04 - Controlling the filtration

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a system and process for the equalization of pressures of a flow stream across one or more valves is provided. A process circuit having clean non-abrasive fluid and at least one slave cylinder for transmitting pressure to a process flow stream is employed.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05D 16/20 - Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
• F17D 1/14 - Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
• F04B 9/10 - Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
• B01D 35/157 - Flow control valvesDamping or calibrated passages
• F17D 1/20 - Arrangements or systems of devices for influencing or altering dynamic characteristics of the systems, e.g. for damping pulsations caused by opening or closing of valves
• B09B 3/00 - Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
• C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
• B01D 37/04 - Controlling the filtration

Abstract

A continuous flow wood processing technology for extracting lignin from woody plant material and converting the delignified cellulosic residue to crude bio-oils is provided. Wood is chipped before processing starts and fed into a lignin extractor. The lignin extractor uses ethanol at high temperatures to dissolve the lignin with counter current material contactors and heat exchangers and a computer control system to control the operation. Most of the preservative chemicals are likely to precipitate out at this stage as a heavy sludge which can be removed from the process. The ethanol containing dissolved lignin is removed from the lignin extractor, the dissolved lignin recovered, the ethanol being recycled into the lignin extractor and the residual heat returned to the process. The delignified cellulosic pulp is removed from the lignin extractor and subjected to a milling operation to convert the pulp into a smooth sludge for entry to a bio-convertor by a super critical water process. The residue is prepared as a high phosphate Fertilizer. Also described is a process for the removal of toxic preservative chemicals from waste timber and conversion to useful or nontoxic forms.

IPC Classes  ?

• C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
• B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
• B27K 9/00 - Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
• B01J 14/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquids with liquidsApparatus specially adapted therefor
• D21C 3/20 - Pulping cellulose-containing materials with organic solvents
• D21C 3/22 - Other features of pulping processes