In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, the disclosure, in one aspect, relates to uncured compositions that include an elastomer, a curing agent, a co-curative, and a diluent, where the diluent comprises a highly reactive polyisobutene with at least about 60 mol % of terminal vinylidene groups. In certain aspect, the diluent can include a second diluent comprising a second polyisobutene comprising at most about 20 mol % terminal vinylidene groups, a hydrocarbon oil, or a combination thereof. Also disclosed are vulcanized rubber compositions including the uncured compositions that have been vulcanized and articles, including tires and/or components of tires, comprising the vulcanized rubber compositions.
In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, the disclosure, in one aspect, relates to a method for making branched polymers. In one aspect the method comprises reacting a first elastomeric polymer (1EP) with a molar excess of a second elastomeric polymer (2EP) to produce a first mixture comprising a third elastomeric polymer (3EP) and 2EP. 1EP and 2EP each individually comprise a polymer with a first terminus and a second terminus, where a residue of a silane polymerization initiator is covalently bonded to the first terminus of the polymer and where the polymers and silane polymerization initiators of 1EP and 2EP can be the same or different. 1EP further comprises a residue of a silane polymerization terminator covalently bonded to the second terminus of the polymer. The method further comprises hydrolyzing the first mixture so that 2EP and 3EP react with one another to produce a branched polymer. Polymers produced by this method can be included in articles comprising rubber compositions, such as tires or components of tires.
C08F 299/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
B60C 1/00 - Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
C08G 83/00 - Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups
This invention relates to a tire with high performance tread of rubber composition for promoting tread durability and traction. For such purpose, a tread rubber composition is provided which contains a high Tg solvent solution polymerization prepared styrene/butadiene elastomer (SSBR) together with precipitated silica reinforcement and traction resin. The invention includes extension of the uncured high Tg SSBR by triglyceride vegetable oil instead of petroleum based oil.
In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, the disclosure, in one aspect, relates to uncured compositions that include a partially saturated elastomer and pre-silanized silica. In some aspects, the uncured compositions include about 40 phr to about 200 phr of a pre-silanized silica and at least one partially saturated elastomer including repeat units, where greater than 15% to about 30% of all repeat units of the partially saturated elastomer include a double bond. Also disclosed are vulcanized rubber compositions including the uncured compositions that have been vulcanized and articles including tires and/or components of tires comprising the vulcanized rubber compositions.
A non-pneumatic tire includes a central rim coupling the tire to a vehicle, a connecting web including a plurality of spokes coupled to the central rim and extending radially outward therefrom and a shear band circumscribing the connecting web and coupled thereto. The shear band includes a plurality of oblong cords arranged in parallel layers, each of the oblong cords having a cross section defining a greater lateral width than a radial height.
A rubber composition suited for forming a truck tire tread includes 100 phr of elastomers, including a natural rubber and a styrene-butadiene rubber. A ratio by weight of natural rubber to styrene-butadiene rubber is at least 75:25. The composition further includes at least 45 phr of reinforcing fillers, including carbon black and a silica. The high dispersible silica has a CTAB surface area of at least 140 m2/g. The composition further includes one or more processing aids and a cure package, which includes a cure agent, such as a sulfur-based cure agent, and an ultra-accelerator, such as 1,6-bis (N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)hexane.
Disclosed are various embodiments for a rotating mixing chamber apparatus for tire curation. In some examples, an apparatus includes a curing bladder of a tire curing mold and a media distribution cap positioned in a center of the curing bladder. The media distribution cap has an inlet chamber to receive a gas in a plurality of distribution openings. The media distribution cap is configured to rotate about a center axis of the curing bladder when the gas enters the inlet. The gas is distributed into the curing bladder through the distribution openings.
A tire tread is formed from a vulcanizable rubber composition which includes, expressed by weight per hundred parts of elastomer (phr), 100 phr of an elastomer component, the elastomer component including a polyisoprene rubber and a polydiene rubber in a ratio by weight of at least 1:1, at least 40 phr of a filler component, the filler component comprising carbon black and silica in a ratio, by weight of at least 0.8:1, at least 1 phr of an organosilane coupling agent, at least 1 phr of a hydrocarbon traction resin, a sulfur-based curing agent, and a cure accelerator, the cure accelerator including an ultra-accelerator. The tire tread is suited for use on heavy vehicles, such as trucks and buses.
An antiozonant of formula (I):
An antiozonant of formula (I):
An antiozonant of formula (I):
wherein X is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and N; and wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl moiety, a cycloalkyl moiety, an aryl moiety, an amine moiety, an amide moiety, an alcohol moiety, an aldehyde moiety, a ketone moiety, a carboxylic acid moiety, an ether moiety, an ester moiety, and a thiol moiety. A rubber composition contains the antiozonant, a diene elastomer; a reinforcing filler; a sulfur-based curing agent; and an accelerator for the curing agent.
C07C 229/40 - Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
C07C 235/02 - Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
C07C 237/06 - Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
C07C 237/52 - Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups further acylated
C07C 243/28 - Hydrazines having nitrogen atoms of hydrazine groups acylated by carboxylic acids with acylating carboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
C07C 323/10 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
C07C 327/06 - Monothiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of thiocarboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
C07C 327/22 - Esters of monothiocarboxylic acids having carbon atoms of esterified thiocarboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to an uncured rubber composition comprising a rubber and a functionalized silica, wherein the functionalized silica comprises a plurality of silica particles, a coupling agent, and an alcohol ether having the Formula I:
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to an uncured rubber composition comprising a rubber and a functionalized silica, wherein the functionalized silica comprises a plurality of silica particles, a coupling agent, and an alcohol ether having the Formula I:
CH3—(CH2)n—(O—(CH2)x)m—OH Formula I
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 18;
wherein x is an integer from 1 to 8; and
wherein m is an integer from 1 to 15.
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to an uncured rubber composition comprising a rubber and a functionalized silica, wherein the functionalized silica comprises a plurality of silica particles, a coupling agent, and an alcohol ether having the Formula I:
CH3—(CH2)n—(O—(CH2)x)m—OH Formula I
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 18;
wherein x is an integer from 1 to 8; and
wherein m is an integer from 1 to 15.
Also disclosed are methods of making the rubber compositions, articles such as tires made from the same, and the functionalized silica used to produce the same. The uncured rubber compositions can be or include a masterbatch. In an aspect, the coupling agent aids in the dispersal of the functionalized silica in the rubber, allowing for mixing under conditions that are not harsh, while retaining desirable properties in the final rubber products.
The invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a radially outer circumferential band portion, a radially inner hub portion, and a supporting structure comprising a plurality of spokes extending from the hub portion to the band portion. A radially outer foot portion of at least one of the spokes is mechanically interlocked with the band portion and/or removably mounted to the band portion. In another aspect, an attachment surface of a spoke is at least partially formed by a material harder than a polymer composition of the spoke. Furthermore, a portion of the band portion and the hub portion, which is adjacent and in contact with the attachment surface, is at least partially formed by one or more of the material and another material harder than the polymer composition.
B60C 7/18 - Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency using springs of helical or flat coil form disposed radially relative to wheel axis
The invention is directed to advanced methods of manufacturing a supporting structure for a non-pneumatic tire comprising at least one cord-reinforced polymer composition spoke. One method comprises providing a first mold member at least partially covered by a first polymer composition layer, applying at least one cord reinforcement onto the first polymer composition layer, and over-molding a second polymer composition layer onto the first polymer composition layer to enclose said cord reinforcement between the first polymer composition layer and the second polymer composition layer so as to obtain at least a portion of the cord-reinforced polymer composition spoke. In some of the methods, the supporting structure comprises X-shaped spokes and the provision of corresponding mold inserts and/or mold members. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a tire including molding of at least a circumferential sector of a supporting structure comprising cord-reinforced polymer composition.
Aspects of tire sensor auto-location are described. A sensor position detection device receives tire sensor values from a tire sensor device. The tire sensor values are measured or calculated for tire footprint length, longitudinal acceleration, and lateral acceleration. The sensor position detection device generates a longitudinal acceleration coefficient and a lateral acceleration coefficient using these values, and assigns the tire sensor device to a particular tire position of a vehicle based on a sign of the longitudinal acceleration coefficient and a sign of the lateral acceleration coefficient.
Disclosed are various embodiments for calculating or estimating dynamic tire loads from acceleration data. A virtual footprint length can be calculated from acceleration data obtained from the inertial unit of the vehicle. Dynamic tire loads or dynamic vehicle load data can be calculated from the virtual footprint length that is calculated from the acceleration data obtained from the inertial unit.
G01B 5/04 - Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width, or thickness specially adapted for measuring length or width of objects while moving
A method of forming a hydrogenation catalyst includes providing a first fluid including a first reagent in a first reagent dispensing device, the first reagent including an organoaluminum compound and providing a second fluid including a second reagent in a second reagent dispensing device, the second reagent including a nickel alkoxylate. The method further includes contemporaneously delivering the first fluid from the first reagent dispensing device and the second fluid from second reagent dispensing device to a reaction vessel at a constant stoichiometry of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to nickel in the nickel alkoxylate, the organoaluminum compound reacting with the nickel alkoxylate in the reaction vessel to form the hydrogenation catalyst.
B01J 14/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquids with liquidsApparatus specially adapted therefor
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B01J 31/14 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
A rubber composition contains at least one elastomer including at least one conjugated diene elastomer, a pre-silanized precipitated silica, a high surface area (e.g., CTAB surface area of at least 200 m2/g) silica, a tear strength agent, a sulfur-based curing agent, and an accelerator for the curing agent. The rubber composition may be used to form tires.
The invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a radially outer circumferential band portion comprising a tread, a radially inner hub portion, and a supporting structure comprising a plurality of spokes extending between the hub portion and the circumferential band portion. At least one spoke of the plurality of spokes comprises a radially inner head portion, a radially outer foot portion, and a cord reinforcement wound between the foot portion and the head portion of the spoke. In another aspect, at least two neighboring spokes are reinforced by a common cord reinforcement extending at least from a radially outer foot portion to a radially inner head portion of said spoke, and further through the radially inner ring portion into a radially inner head portion of the neighboring spoke and further to a radially outer foot portion of the neighboring spoke. Another aspect provides a method for manufacturing such tires.
The invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a cord-reinforced elastomer composition band, comprising steps of providing multiple parallel cords; extruding an elastomer composition onto the cords in a first zone to form a first end portion of the band; further extruding the elastomer composition onto the cords in the first zone while moving the first end portion of the band away from the first zone; and holding the cords at a constant distance relative to one another in a second zone adjacent, downstream and moving with the first end portion of the band away from the first zone. Moreover, the invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a tire comprising these steps and a machine for manufacturing a cord-reinforced elastomer composition band.
B29C 70/14 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of short length, e.g. in the form of a mat oriented
Aspects of vehicle hydroplaning detection are described. In some examples, dynamic vehicle parameter values are received from a receiving, by a hydroplaning computation device, from a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus of a vehicle. The dynamic vehicle parameter values are measured using vehicle CAN bus sensor devices. A plurality of static vehicle parameter values are identified for the vehicle. a tire-model-based slip value, a grip utilization value, a drag force value, and wheel-speed-based slip value are generated. The hydroplaning computation device outputs hydroplaning detection status data based on a vehicle model, the dynamic vehicle parameter values, and the static vehicle parameter values.
The invention is directed to a wheel monitoring system for a vehicle, comprising tags for wirelessly sending electromagnetic signals, wherein at least one of the tags is mounted separately from each wheel in a wheel well. The system further comprises tag readers for wirelessly receiving and reading electromagnetic signals. In particular, each of the wheels comprises one of the tag readers for receiving electromagnetic signals sent by one of the tags mounted in a wheel well. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a vehicle comprising a wheel monitoring system, wherein each tag of a plurality of tags comprises unique information identifying one or more of the tag and a mounting position of the tag. Moreover, the invention is directed to a method of locating mounting positions of wheels.
Disclosed are various embodiments for predicting a road surface condition based at least in part on tire resistive forces and vehicle data obtained from the controller area network (CAN) bus of a vehicle. In response to determining that the vehicle is in a steady state, tractive forces can be estimated using the vehicle data. The tractive forces and the vehicle speed can be inputted into a trained surface condition detection model. The surface condition detection model is trained to predict a probability that a surface is wet or dry based at least in part on the tractive forces. The probability that a surface is wet or dry can be provided to other vehicle systems for adjustment of vehicle operations.
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a block copolymer comprising a first block derived from an alkene and a second block derived from an epoxide. In another aspect, the block copolymer has the structure
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a block copolymer comprising a first block derived from an alkene and a second block derived from an epoxide. In another aspect, the block copolymer has the structure
wherein X is selected from:
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a block copolymer comprising a first block derived from an alkene and a second block derived from an epoxide. In another aspect, the block copolymer has the structure
wherein X is selected from:
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a block copolymer comprising a first block derived from an alkene and a second block derived from an epoxide. In another aspect, the block copolymer has the structure
wherein X is selected from:
or any combination thereof;
wherein R1 is selected from H or a C1-C4 aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,
wherein R2 and R3 are individually selected from H or methyl;
wherein n is from about 1800 to about 20,000; and
wherein m is from 4 to 2300.
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a block copolymer comprising a first block derived from an alkene and a second block derived from an epoxide. In another aspect, the block copolymer has the structure
wherein X is selected from:
or any combination thereof;
wherein R1 is selected from H or a C1-C4 aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,
wherein R2 and R3 are individually selected from H or methyl;
wherein n is from about 1800 to about 20,000; and
wherein m is from 4 to 2300.
Also disclosed herein are rubber compositions including the disclosed block copolymers, tires including the rubber compositions, and methods of making the block copolymers.
C08G 81/02 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
B60C 1/00 - Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
A vulcanizable rubber composition suitable for a tire tread, which provides a balance of rolling resistance, wet traction and grip on snow and ice, includes 80-100 parts per hundred rubber (phr) of a polydiene component including one or more elastomers selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene rubber, a solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber with a styrene content of 2-10 wt. % and a Tg of −95° C. to −75° C., and mixtures thereof. The polydiene component is selected such that the elastomers which have cis-1,4-butadiene content of greater than 90% total no more than 45 phr. Elastomers other than the polydiene component may be up to 20 phr. The composition includes at least 100 phr of silica filler, at least 5 parts per hundred silica of a blocked mercapto organosilane coupling agent, at least 40 phr of a hydrocarbon traction resin, a sulfur-based curing agent, zinc oxide, and a cure accelerator.
B60C 1/00 - Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
C08C 19/22 - Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
C08C 19/25 - Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
C08F 232/08 - Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
A vulcanizable rubber composition suitable for a tire tread, which provides a balance of rolling resistance, wet traction and grip on snow and ice, includes 60-100 phr of a solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber with a styrene content of 2-10 wt. % and a Tg of −95° C. to −75° C., 0-40 phr of a polybutadiene rubber, at least 100 phr of silica filler, at least 6 parts by weight per hundred parts of the silica filler (phf) of a blocked mercapto organosilane coupling agent, at least 40 phr of a hydrocarbon traction resin, at least of 5 phr of a substituted or unsubstituted phenol aldehyde tackifier resin, and a cure package including a sulfur-based curing agent, zinc oxide, and a cure accelerator.
B60C 1/00 - Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
C08C 19/22 - Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
C08C 19/25 - Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
C08F 232/08 - Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
C08G 8/10 - Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with phenol
A method of recycling waste tires includes subjecting a waste tire material to a hydrothermal cracking process to generate a solid component and a fluid component, the fluid component comprising oil and water. At least one filler material, selected from carbon black, silica, and mixtures thereof, is recovered from the solid component. The oil in the fluid component is fractionated to generate at least two oil fractions. A first of the oil fractions is refined to isolate at least one of a wax and a process oil. A second of the oil fractions is subjected to steam cracking to form precursors for forming components of rubber tire. The components of the tire are formed from the precursors, the least one filler material, and the at least one the wax and the process oil, enabling at least 50 wt. % of a new tire to be derived from the waste tire material.
C08J 11/14 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
B60C 1/00 - Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
C08L 9/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
39.
SILICA-BASED RUBBER COMPOUND WITH IMPROVED HYSTERESIS AND DISPERSION
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to rubber compositions including a plurality of silica particles, a nonionic surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value of from about 8 to about 14, and at least one rubber material. In some aspects, the nonionic surfactant can have the formula CH3—(CH2)n—(O—(CH2)x)m—OR;
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 18;
wherein x is an integer from 1 to 8;
wherein m is an integer from 1 to 15; and
wherein R is a branched or straight chain C1-C20 alkyl group.
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to rubber compositions including a plurality of silica particles, a nonionic surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value of from about 8 to about 14, and at least one rubber material. In some aspects, the nonionic surfactant can have the formula CH3—(CH2)n—(O—(CH2)x)m—OR;
wherein n is an integer from 1 to 18;
wherein x is an integer from 1 to 8;
wherein m is an integer from 1 to 15; and
wherein R is a branched or straight chain C1-C20 alkyl group.
Also disclosed are methods of making the rubber compositions and vulcanized rubber articles including tires and/or tire treads made from or including the rubber compositions.
Disclosed are various approaches for estimating tread wear condition for a tire. Segment analysis data for a given segment and a given tire can be obtained. The segment analysis data can include tire data, vehicle data, or manual inspection data. A starting tread depth corresponding to a tread depth of a tire at a segment start can be determined. A segment distance corresponding to a distance the tire has traveled up to a segment end is determined. The starting tread depth and the segment distance are applied as inputs to a trained tread wear condition model. A tread wear condition is predicted based at least in part on an output of the tread wear condition model.
Disclosed are various embodiments for compensating footprint length for inflation pressure changes in tires. Various embodiment can receive a tire pressure measurement for a tire and an uncompensated footprint length for the tire. Various embodiments can calculate an inflation difference between the tire pressure measurement and a target tire pressure for the tire. Then, various embodiments can calculate an inflation ratio by at least on finding a quotient of the inflation difference over the target tire pressure for the tire. Based at least on the inflation ratio, various embodiments can determine a compensated footprint length. Then, various embodiments can send the compensated footprint length to a vehicle system.
B60C 23/00 - Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehiclesArrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanksTyre cooling arrangements
B60C 23/04 - Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
The present invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a tread portion, bead portions, a belt portion, and at least one carcass ply including a top portion extending radially below and along the belt portion. Furthermore, the carcass ply has two laterally opposite side portions wherein each side portion extends from the top portion towards a respective bead portion. Still in accordance with the invention, the tire comprises a shearband extending in a circumferential direction radially below and along the top portion of the at least one carcass ply to support both side portions of the at least one carcass ply in an axial direction. Moreover, the present invention is directed to a tire rim assembly comprising such a tire.
Disclosed are various embodiments for including sensors, lights, or other functional and aesthetic components on a tire or wheel. A sensor can be inserted through a hole in a tread groove of a tire. Additionally, a rim valve can include a sensor, an indicator, or both. Further, a sensor can be included on a wheel center cap. A tire can include a recess to receive a patch. In addition, a rim protector can include various accessories. Finally, a customizable wheel can include numerous attachments and accessories.
Disclosed is a road condition prediction system for vehicles. First, a computing device receives ambient temperature and relative humidity data from a vehicle, the ambient temperature and relative humidity data having been collected by a tire sensor mounted to an exterior of a tire of the vehicle or an exterior of a wheel of the vehicle. Then, the computing device applies a machine-learning model to the temperature and humidity data from the vehicle to predict a road condition for the vehicle. Subsequently, the computing device sends the road condition for the vehicle to a control system of the vehicle.
B60T 8/1763 - Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS responsive to the coefficient of friction between the wheels and the ground surface
B60T 8/171 - Detecting parameters used in the regulationMeasuring values used in the regulation
B60T 8/172 - Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters
B60T 8/175 - Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel spin during vehicle acceleration, e.g. for traction control
B60T 17/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories of brake systems not covered by groups , or , or presenting other characteristic features
G01N 19/02 - Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NM)
Inventor
Sobhanie, Mohammad
Saligrama Karidevaiah, Padmarajaiah
Voskuilen, Tyler
Walsh, Tim
Crane, Nathan
Abstract
A plurality of air flow velocity vectors are generated at a plurality of predefined angles of rotation of a digital model of a rotating tire. Individual ones of the vectors are associated with a corresponding one of a plurality of first cells of a first mesh with a tread of the rotating tire or a corresponding one of a plurality of second cells of a second mesh in a volume around the rotating tire. Air flow velocity vectors are converted into corresponding ones of a plurality of Lighthill stress tensors. An acoustic pressure is generated at a plurality of points on a surface of the volume for each of the predefined angles of rotation of the rotating tire based on the Lighthill stress tensors. An estimate of a magnitude of sound generated by the rotating tire is determined from the acoustic pressure at a respective one of the points.
A tire or other rubber item is described that has a surface such as a sidewall. A region on the surface includes a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions are positioned in a pseudo-random pattern within the region. Various features of the protrusions may be varied in a random or pseudo-random manner.
The invention is directed to a tire comprising an innerliner including a recess with a depth within a range of 20 μm to 3000 μm and a stepped sidewall, wherein at least one step of the recess' sidewall includes a height within a range of 5 μm to 1500 μm. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a method of processing a tire including an inner surface, wherein the method comprises creating a stepped recess in an area of the inner surface by removing a first thickness of elastomer composition in a first subarea, removing a second thickness of elastomer composition in a second subarea, wherein the second subarea at least partially overlaps with the first subarea so that a third thickness of elastomer composition is removed in an overlapping zone of the first subarea and the second subarea.
B60C 5/14 - Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a tire comprising a circumferential tread portion and an inner surface partially enclosing a tire cavity, as well as a circumferential sealant layer at least partially provided on the inner surface radially below the tread portion. Furthermore, the tire comprises a first electrically conductive layer at least partially covering a surface of the sealant layer, and a second electrically conductive layer being non-conductively separated from the first electrically conductive layer. A sensor system of the tire is in separate electrical contact with the first electrically conductive layer and the second electrically conductive layer, wherein the sensor system is further configured to detect an increase in electrical conductivity or a short-circuit between the first electrically conductive layer and the second electrically conductive layer.
A process for producing a functionalized polymer includes reacting a condensation suppressant comprising an alkoxysilane with an aminosilane functionalized polymer to form a stable functionalized polymer in the polymer cement.
A tire tread suited to use in drive tires for long-haul freight trucks is formed from a vulcanizable rubber composition including 100 phr of an elastomer component which includes natural rubber and a polydiene rubber, at least 40 phr of carbon black, and a curative system including a sulfur-based curing agent, a zinc-based cure activator, an organic cure activator, and a combination of cure accelerators. The cure accelerators include (i) a sulfenamide accelerator, (ii) a metal dithiocarbamate accelerator, and (iii) at least one of a thiazole polysulfide accelerator and a thiuram polysulfide accelerator.
A tire tread and a pneumatic tire including the tread are described. The tread is formed from a vulcanizable rubber composition, which includes 50-70 phr of polybutadiene rubber, 30-50 phr of a solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber with a styrene content of 5-15 wt. % and a Tg of −70° C. to −50° C., at least 100 phr of silica, at least 6 parts by weight per hundred parts of the silica of an organosilane coupling agent, at least 2 phr of processing oil, at least 40 phr of resin, the resin including a hydrocarbon traction resin and a tackifier resin, and a cure package including a sulfur-based curing agent, zinc oxide, and a cure accelerator. The rubber composition provides the tire with a good balance of wet, dry, and cold performance characteristics.
A process for producing an ethylene-butadiene copolymer includes copolymerizing butadiene with ethylene in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system includes tris[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]scandium and an aluminum-containing activator.
A process for producing a stable silica/hydrocarbon solution includes ultrasonically mixing silica and a silane in a hydrocarbon solvent. The solution may be dried to obtain a surface-modified silica. The solution may be mixed with a polymer cement to produce silica-rubber (e.g., silica-SSBR) masterbatch products.
A process for producing a stable silica/hydrocarbon solution includes ultrasonically mixing silica and a silane in a hydrocarbon solvent. The solution may be dried to obtain a surface-modified silica. The solution may be mixed with a polymer cement to produce silica-rubber (e.g., silica-SSBR) masterbatch products.
In one aspect, the invention is directed to a tire including an inner surface comprising an elastomer composition and partially enclosing a tire cavity. The tire further comprises a component including an attachment surface comprising a polymer composition, which is attached to a portion of the inner surface via an adhesive, wherein the attachment surface comprises a surface pattern comprising elevations including a height within a range of 20 μm to 1000 μm. In a second aspect, the invention is directed to a method of attaching a component to a portion of an inner surface of a tire. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a sensor container assembly comprising a sensor container and a tire pressure sensor.
A method for producing a masterbatch includes feeding (e.g., continuously feeding) a first composition containing an elastomeric latex (e.g., a natural rubber latex) to a coagulation chamber; and feeding (e.g., continuously feeding) a second composition containing a particulate filler (e.g., carbon black) to the coagulation chamber. The carbon black is fed directly from a sonication chamber to the coagulation chamber and/or a sonication device facilitates ultrasonic mixing within the coagulation chamber. The first composition and the second composition are mixed in the coagulation chamber to form the masterbatch. The second composition may be fed to the coagulation chamber at a pressure of at least about 300 psig and/or a velocity of at least about 100 feet per second. The masterbatch may be dry mixed with an additional elastomer to form an elastomeric composite blend.
A method for producing a masterbatch includes continuously feeding a first composition containing an elastomeric latex to a coagulation chamber; and continuously feeding a second composition containing a particulate filler and a salt to the coagulation chamber. The first composition and the second composition are mixed in the coagulation chamber to form the masterbatch. The salt may be provided so that a salt concentration in the coagulation chamber matches that necessary to bring a magnitude of the zeta potential of the latex to be within a range of 30 to 15 mV, 15 to 1 mV, or 1 to 0 mV. The second composition may be fed to the coagulation chamber at a pressure of at least about 300 psig and/or a velocity of at least about 100 feet per second. The masterbatch may be dry mixed with an additional elastomer to form an elastomeric composite blend.
A racing tire sized for a racing truck includes a tread including first and second layers formed of first and second rubber compositions. The first layer defines a first portion of a road-contacting surface of the tread. The second layer defines a second portion the road-contacting surface of the tread and is only partially covered by the first layer. The first rubber composition includes 70 to 92 phr of a solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber and at least one of an isoprene rubber and a polybutadiene rubber, and 50 to 160 phr of silica. The first rubber composition includes a resin at a higher phr than the second rubber composition. The second rubber composition includes 70 to 100 phr of a polyisoprene rubber, 5 to 30 phr of silica, and carbon black. Carbon black is at a higher phr in the second rubber composition than in the first rubber composition.
The invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a circumferential tread portion, a circumferential shearband carrying the tread portion, a hub portion, and a supporting structure supporting the shearband on the hub portion. Said shearband and supporting structure are mechanically interlocked with each other and/or the tire comprises a fabric layer extending along a radially inner surface of the shearband and a radially outer surface of the supporting structure. The invention is also directed to a method of making a non-pneumatic tire, comprising the steps of providing a fabric layer having a first surface with a plurality of protrusions, applying a thermoplastic polymer onto the first surface to form a portion of a supporting structure, providing a shearband, and curing the shearband to a second surface of the fabric layer, which is opposite to the first surface.
B60C 7/10 - Non-inflatable or solid tyres characterised by means for increasing resiliency
B32B 3/30 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. grooved, ribbed
B32B 5/26 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer also being fibrous or filamentary
B32B 37/12 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
B32B 38/00 - Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
B60C 7/22 - Non-inflatable or solid tyres having inlays other than for increasing resiliency, e.g. for armouring
B60C 9/18 - Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
The present invention is directed to a tire comprising a tread, a pair of bead portions, a pair of sidewalls, wherein each of the sidewalls extends from the tread towards a respective bead portion, at least one carcass ply, and one or more belt plies. Moreover, the tire comprises at least one rubber strip having an electrical volume resistivity lower than 108 ohm·cm, extending from a radially inner position of the tread and along one of the sidewalls towards the respective bead portion.
In one aspect, the invention is directed to a tire in which a first sidewall and a first chafer adjacent the first sidewall have an electrical volume resistivity lower than 108 ohm·cm. Moreover, at least one of a second sidewall and a second chafer adjacent the second sidewall has an electrical volume resistivity higher than 109 ohm·cm. In another aspect, each of a first sidewall and a first chafer comprises at least 39 phr of carbon black, and at least one of a second sidewall and a second chafer comprises at most 35 phr of carbon black. In still another aspect, a tire has first and second tread base layers, arranged axially beside each other, wherein the first tread base layer has an electrical volume resistivity lower than 108 ohm·cm, and the second tread base layer has an electrical volume resistivity higher than 109 ohm·cm.
In a first aspect, the invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a circumferential tread portion and a supporting structure comprising a circumferential hub portion and a plurality of supporting elements which are arranged radially between the circumferential tread portion and the circumferential hub portion and which extend from the hub portion towards the tread portion to support the tread portion on the hub portion. At least one of the supporting elements comprises i) a first portion comprising a first elastomer composition having a first stiffness, and ii) a second portion, radially adjacent the first portion, comprising a second elastomer composition having a second stiffness which is different from the first stiffness.
A pneumatic tire comprises a tread; a bead region, a sidewall; a bead core; a first apex; an apex-extension; a carcass; a chafer and a second apex. The second apex is positioned between a rim flange protector and the first apex or the extension. The carcass includes a first ply turned-up around the bead core to form a first turnup portion extending along the first apex and the extension and terminating radially inwardly from the radially outward end of the extension. The carcass may include a second ply turned-up, between the bead core and the first ply, around the bead core to form a second turnup portion, the second turnup portion extending along the axially outer side of the first apex. Alternatively, the carcass may include a second ply parting from the first ply at the extension and extending along the extension and the turnup portion of the first ply.
The invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a tread band, sidewalls having each a carcass ply, wherein each of the carcass plies extends only on one lateral side of the tire. Radially outer end portions of the carcass plies are attached to the tread band in parallel to the tread band and point essentially in opposite axially outer directions. The invention is also directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a tread band and first and second carcass plies, wherein each of these carcass plies is provided on only one lateral side of the tire and has two radially inner bead portions, a radially outer top portion attached to the tread band and two intermediate portions extending transversely to the tread band from the top portion to the respective bead portion. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to tire rim assemblies comprising such tires.
The present invention is directed to a non-pneumatic tire comprising a rubber component, such as a shearband, comprising at least one textile cord, wherein the textile cord comprises yarns, and wherein the majority of the yarns are fused together in the cord. Moreover, the yarns are chosen from one or more of aramid, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, glass fiber and carbon fiber yarns.
The present invention relates to pneumatic tires comprising a dual-layer tread made of a first layer comprising a first tread compound having a first tread property and a second layer comprising a second tread compound having a second tread property.
The present invention relates to a tire mold for manufacturing at least one pneumatic tire. The present invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a tire mold. The present invention further relates to a molding kit comprising the tire mold. The present invention further relates to a tire cured in a tire mold.
A tire component formed from a rubber composition comprises a majority weight percent of renewable materials. The rubber composition comprises, based on 100 parts per weight (phr) of elastomer: a blend of at least two rubber elastomers selected from a group consisting of: greater than 50 phr of at least one mass balanced polymer; at least one bio-derived plasticizer; and a bio-derived filler system comprising silica and carbon black. The carbon black filler is at least partially derived from a bio-based feedstock prior to its addition to the rubber composition. The resin and the silica are also derived from renewable materials.
A rubber composition suited to forming a tread for a winter tire includes, expressed as parts by weight per hundred parts of rubber (phr): 100 phr of an elastomer component including a polybutadiene rubber and a styrene butadiene rubber. A filler component includes at least 10 phr aluminum hydroxide, at least 70 phr silica, and 0-20 phr carbon black. The composition further includes an organosilane coupling agent, one or more processing aids, selected from liquid plasticizers, waxes, and resins and a cure package including a sulfur-based curing agent, an activator selected from inorganic activators, organic activators, and combinations, and a cure accelerator.
A rubber composition for an innerliner includes 100 phr of elastomers, including at least 60 phr of a butyl rubber, and 0 to 40 phr of diene-based rubber. The composition further includes 35 to 70 phr of a reinforcing filler and a curing system including zinc oxide and optionally a sulfur-based curing agent.
A tire may include a bead portion, a carcass, an apex, a belt package, and three gum layers. The carcass may be anchored around the bead core of the bead portion and may comprise a carcass plies portion and a turnup portion. The apex may be located between the carcass plies portion and the turnup portion. The belt package may be arranged between the carcass and a tread. The gum layers may include (a) a sidewall gum layer that extends from a first end located at the apex along the carcass plies to a second end; (b) a wraparound gum layer that wraps around an end of a first inner zigzag belt structure of the belt package; and (c) a belt gum layer that extends from a first end located between the belt package and the carcass plies along the carcass plies to a second end.
The present invention is directed to a tread and a tire having a tread, wherein over most of a circumferential length i) a maximum axial width in a top portion of a tread groove is at least 5% smaller than an axial width of the tread groove in its bottom portion, ii) the axial width of the tread groove in the bottom portion is at least 5% smaller than the maximum axial width of the tread groove in a radial intermediate portion of the tread groove, and iii) a maximum axial width of the tread groove in the intermediate portion is within a range of 15% to 50% of the total radial height of the tread groove.
The present invention is directed to a tire comprising a tread and a belt portion located radially below the tread, wherein the belt portion comprises a pair of working belts and a low angle belt. The low angle belt has reinforcement elements having an angle of less than 5° with a circumferential direction of the tire. In a first aspect, the low angle belt comprises a first layer and one or more further layers, wherein the first layer extends over at least 70% of the axial width of the axially largest working belt, and wherein each layer of the one or more further layers extends over at most 50% of the width of the axially largest working belt and is arranged radially below one of the shoulder grooves.
B60C 9/20 - Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
B60C 9/00 - Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
Disclosed are various approaches to depositing an RFID tag or chip within a rubber substrate. A radio frequency identifier (RFID) chip encapsulated with an adhesive or adhesion promoter is attached to the rubber substrate. Then, a wire antenna is attached to the rubber substrate and inductively coupled to the RFID tag. The wire antenna can be encapsulated with an adhesive or adhesion promoter. The wire antenna can also be arranged longitudinally along the rubber substrate in a plurality of loops with at least one of the plurality of loops placed around the RFID tag.
G06K 19/077 - Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
B60C 23/04 - Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
G06K 19/07 - Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards with integrated circuit chips
H01Q 1/22 - SupportsMounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Disclosed are various embodiments related to theft event detection and classification of theft of tires and/or wheels on a vehicle, such as a semi-tractor, semi-trailer. A theft event detection and classification system can include at least one computing device including a vehicle computing device comprising an accelerometer. The system can also include tire sensors, corresponding to tires on the vehicle, and in data communication with the vehicle computing device. The system can execute a theft monitoring application to detect vibration signals by the accelerometer and generate an event data record comprising the vibration signal information, tire sensor records comprising retrieved sensor information, and a vehicle environment record. The theft event detection and classification system can execute a theft detection application to analyze the event data record to classify the event and a notification of the possible theft event.
B60R 25/34 - Detection related to theft or to other events relevant to anti-theft systems of conditions of vehicle components, e.g. of windows, door locks or gear selectors
Disclosed are various embodiments for sensing irregular wear of a tire tread. A tire is providing having an innerliner adjacent to a belt package, an undertread adjacent to the belt package opposite the innerliner, and a tread adjacent to the undertread opposite the belt package. The tread includes a plurality of tread elements and a conductive filament disposed laterally within the tread. The conductive filament includes a pair of ends extending radially through the undertread and the belt package to the innerliner and terminates into a corresponding pair of sensor contacts. A sensor adjacent to a radially inward side of the innerliner is also included in the tire, the sensor having a pair of electrical contacts in electrical contact with the sensor contacts.
A tire with printed sensors includes a pair of bead areas, a tread disposed radially outwardly of the bead areas, and a pair of sidewalls, including an inboard sidewall extending from a first bead area to the tread, and an outboard sidewall extending from a second bead area to the tread. A carcass extends toroidally between each of the bead areas radially inwardly of the tread, and an innerliner is formed on an inside surface of the carcass. A plurality of sensors are printed on the innerliner in a sidewall zone of the inboard sidewall or in a sidewall zone of the outboard sidewall, and are configured to measure deformation in the sidewall zone. The plurality of sensors are daisy-chained to provide a single deformation signal that is based on the measured deformations of the plurality of sensors.
The present disclosure relates to programming tire sensors mounted to a tire of a vehicle. An identification tag device (e.g., radio frequency identification (RFID) tag) stores tire information data and/or other data that is unique to a given tire. The identification tag device can be attached to or otherwise contained within a tire-integrated sensor mount configured to support a sensor. The identification tag device transmits tire identification data and/or other data stored by the identification tag device to a sensor when the sensor is attached to or otherwise supported by the tire-integrated sensor mount. The sensor can obtain the tire identification data associated with the tire on which the sensor is mounted, thereby allowing the sensor to associate collected sensor data (e.g., pressure, temperature, etc.) with the tire identification data that is unique to the tire.
B60C 23/04 - Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
G06K 19/07 - Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards with integrated circuit chips
G06K 19/077 - Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
A method for forming a composite apex, the method comprising the steps of: forming a coextruded strip of a first compound and a second compound, wherein the second compound is a compound different than the first compound, wherein the apex is formed from winding the coextruded strip while varying the ratio of the first compound to the second compound.
B29D 30/30 - Applying the layersGuiding or stretching the layers during application
B29C 48/49 - Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
B29D 30/62 - Applying bands of rubber treads, i.e. applying camel backs by extrusion or injection of the tread on carcass
Disclosed are various embodiments for sensing wear of a tire tread. A tire comprises an innerliner, a plurality of belts layered adjacent to the innerliner, a tread adjacent to the plurality of belts opposite the innerliner and a treadwear sensor positioned in the innerliner. The treadwear sensor comprises a base plate on an interior side of the innerliner and a tube extending from the base plate through the innerliner and the plurality of belts to a first wear depth in the tread. When the tread is worn to the first wear depth, an end of the tube is exposed through the tire.
LUXEMBOURG INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Luxembourg)
Inventor
Fehr, Duc Alexandre
Petry, Frank
Nava Velazco, Uriel Rodrigo
Abstract
The invention provides a computer-implemented method and a system for automatically segmenting thermal images of a tire's footprint in order to identify components of the tire's tread pattern. The invention relies on a convolutional neural network model and on digital image pre-filtering. It is capable of accurately segmenting thermal footprint images of tires in either straight rolling or cornering conditions, which allows for the accurate extraction of temperature data for each identified tread pattern component.
A radial tire includes a pair of bead cores, a carcass having one or a plurality of carcass plies extending from one of the bead cores to the other of the bead cores in a toroidal form, a tread portion circumferentially encircling the toroidal form of the carcass, and a belt structure disposed radially between the carcass and the tread portion having a main belt layer, a first, unreinforced rubber layer disposed on a radially outer side of the main belt layer, a second, unreinforced rubber layer disposed within the main belt layer, and a protective belt layer disposed on a radially outer side of the first, unreinforced rubber layer and a radially inner side of the tread portion. A radially outermost layer of the main belt layer has a plurality of reinforcement cords each having a diameter, and the first and second, unreinforced rubber layers have first and second radial thicknesses, respectively, relative to such diameter.
B60C 9/20 - Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
A tire sidewall rubber composition comprises, based on parts by weight per 100 parts by weight rubber (phr): (A) a blend of polymers comprising at least a polyisoprene and polybutadiene; (B) a reinforcing filler; and (C) a cure package comprising sulfur and at least three accelerators including diphenyl guanidine and tetra benzyl thiuram disulfide and a sulfenamide.
A cobalt-free steel cord-rubber composite article includes, in sequence, a steel cord core, a steel cord coating, and a rubber layer. The steel cord coating contains from about 61 wt % to about 66 wt % copper, from about 3.5 wt % to about 6.5 wt % iron, and a balance of zinc and unavoidable impurities. The rubber layer is formed from a rubber compound including 100 phr of at least one elastomer; sulfur; about 20 phr to about 100 phr of at least one filler; about 2 phr to about 15 phr of zinc oxide; and about 0.5 phr to about 3.0 phr of at least one accelerator, containing no cobalt and no resin.
A tire comprising a tire tread having a tread region comprising a first and second rib, wherein the first and second ribs are separated by a groove; at least one tie-bar element disposed within the groove, and the tie-bar block element having opposed sidewalls separated by a radially extending groove, wherein the radially extending groove tapers from a first width to a second width, wherein the second width is wider than the first width.
A coupling agent, a rubber composition, and a shaped article formed from the rubber composition, such as a pneumatic tire, are described. The coupling agent is represented by Formula I, and is capable of linking a substrate, such as a mineral oxide, carbon black or brass, to an unsaturated elastomer:
A coupling agent, a rubber composition, and a shaped article formed from the rubber composition, such as a pneumatic tire, are described. The coupling agent is represented by Formula I, and is capable of linking a substrate, such as a mineral oxide, carbon black or brass, to an unsaturated elastomer:
FG1-LG1-Sa-LG2-FG2 Formula I
where FG1 and FG2 each represent a functionalized arylene group, which can be the same or different; LG1 and LG2 each represent a linking group, which can be the same or different; and Sa represents a sequence of two or more connected sulfur atoms, where a is a number which is at least 2.
LUXEMBOURG INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Luxembourg)
Inventor
Shaplov, Alexander
Nikishkin, Nicolai
Weydert, Marc
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a diene-norbornene copolymer comprising 1,4 diene repeat units and norbornene repeat units, wherein at least 95% of all 1,4 diene repeat units in the copolymer are cis 1,4 diene repeat units. Moreover, the invention is directed to a method of synthesizing such a copolymer and a rubber composition comprising the copolymer.
C08F 232/08 - Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having condensed rings
A rubber composition is disclosed comprising, based on 100 parts by weight of elastomer (phr): one or more elastomers selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene, polybutadiene, natural rubber, polyisoprene, and mixtures thereof; and a silylated material derived from a polyol or a polyol derivative. Also, a tire having a component comprising such a rubber composition is disclosed. Finally, a method of forming a sulfur-curable rubber composition for incorporation in a tire is disclosed, the method comprising: selecting a starting material comprising a polyol or a derivative of a polyol; condensing the starting material with a fatty acid to generate an esterified material; performing a silylation on the esterified material to generate a silylated material; and combining the silylated material with at least one elastomer in a rubber composition, the elastomer being selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene, polybutadiene, natural rubber, polyisoprene, and mixtures thereof.
A tire tread is formed from a rubber composition comprising a blend of elastomers comprising predominantly of polybutadiene; from about 100 phr to about 130 phr of silica; and from about 35 phr or more of a plasticizing hydrocarbon resin; wherein the rubber composition is partially or fully devoid of a liquid plasticizer.
A tire includes a pair of sidewalls extending from a respective bead area to a tread. The tread is formed with a plurality of tread elements and a radially outer surface, and a chamber is formed in one of the tread elements. A sensor unit is mounted to the tire and includes a pair of electrical contacts. The polymer plug includes a wire disposed in the chamber. The wire includes proximal ends and a distal end near a radially outer surface of the tread. A liquid polymer is injected into the chamber and cured. An electrical circuit is formed by each proximal end of the wire electrically contacts a respective one of the sensor unit electrical contacts. When the tread element wears down to the distal end of the wire, the wire and the circuit break. A notice is transmitted by the sensor unit when the circuit breaks.
A rubber composition suited for forming a tire tread includes 100 phr of elastomers, at least 30 phr of reinforcing fillers, such as carbon black and silica. The high surface area silica has a CTAB surface area of at least 220 m2/g. A ratio of the carbon black to the high surface area silica is at least 4:1. The composition further includes one or more processing aids and a sulfur-containing cure package.
