A bipolar flow field plate assembly comprising first and second flow field plates, the first flow field plate comprising a seal groove around a perimeter and a depressed seal portion within the seal groove for retaining an adhesive; the second flow field plate comprising a raised portion around a perimeter which protrudes from the second flow field plate, cooperates with the depressed seal portion of the first flow field plate, and contacts at least a portion of the adhesive therein. At least one of the depressed seal portion and the raised portion comprises a depressed spill portion adjacent thereto, the depressed spill portion fluidly connected to the depressed seal portion for receiving excess adhesive. A cross-sectional width and depth of the depressed seal portion is greater than a cross-sectional width and height of the first depressed spill portion so the raised portion and the depressed seal portion are physically separated.
A fuel cell stack comprising a compression plate assembly comprising a second end plate having a first planar surface and an opposing second planar surface, wherein the first planar surface is adjacent a fuel cell stack and the second planar surface is adjacent a compression housing, wherein the compression housing comprises: a spring recess and a plurality of discrete grooves on its inner axial surface of the spring recess; a spring assembly in the spring recess; a load disc in the spring recess and in contact with the spring assembly; and a resilient retaining apparatus in the spring recess and in contact with the load disc; wherein the resilient retaining apparatus engages with one of the plurality of discrete grooves and the load disc and the spring assembly are physically separated from the inner axial surface of the spring recess.
A bipolar flow field plate for an electrochemical fuel cell comprises fuel supply channels formed on the first surface of the bipolar flow field plate, having a constant cross-section along the length of bipolar flow field plate, oxidant supply channels formed on another surface of the bipolar flow field plate, opposite to the first surface, and having a constant cross-section along the length of the bipolar flow field plate and coolant flow channels provided within the bipolar flow field plate, wherein at least two adjacent coolant flow channels in the active area of the bipolar flow field plate communicate to each other through a flow sharing portion. The size of the flow sharing portion can vary according to the coolant flow sharing needs. The projections of the bipolar flow field plate which form the coolant flow channels can be provided with pillars along the flow sharing portions of the plate.
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
H01M 8/0267 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
A sealed fuel cell assembly comprising a sealed active region comprising an ionomer electrolyte disposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode to form a membrane electrode assembly; a sealed manifold region adjacent the sealed active area; and an elastomeric seal comprising a first elastomeric seal bead circumscribing a periphery of the membrane electrode assembly and a second elastomeric seal bead circumscribing a periphery of a manifold port; wherein the elastomeric seal further comprises a reinforcing material that is physically separated from the membrane electrode assembly and has a lower elasticity than the elastomeric seal.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
(Based on Use in Commerce) Electrochemical power generation systems, namely, electric power generators for mining vehicles incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; (Based on Intent to Use) Electrochemical power generation systems, namely, electric power generators for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles and off-highway construction incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles and off-highway construction and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems (Based on Use in Commerce) Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks; (Based on Intent to Use) Membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells containing anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes (Based on Intent to Use) Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, all being component parts of the electrochemical power plants, sold as a unit
6.
MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH IMPROVED ELECTRODE
A membrane electrode assembly comprises a polymer electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the polymer electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the polymer electrolyte; at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprising: a first catalyst composition comprising a noble metal; and a second composition comprising a metal oxide; wherein the second composition has been treated with a fluoro-phosphonic acid compound.
A method is provided for operating a fuel cell stack with improved performance recovery from sub-saturated conditions, the method comprising setting an alert for the performance recovery of the fuel cell stack, performing at least one oxidant starvation by supplying oxidant at a stoichiometric ratio below 1 to the fuel cell stack in at least one pulse for a preset amount of time and at low current while the fuel cell stack does not generate power. The fuel cell system with an improved performance recovery comprises a shorting circuit which is connected to the fuel cell stack at predetermined times (startup, shutdown or standby mode) and an air compressor powered by a DC-DC converter which supplies a predetermined number of oxidant pulses of a predetermined duration to the fuel cell stack.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel
cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies
therefor; electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and
oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary,
portable, transportation and electrical power distribution
blocks applications, with one or more stacks of
electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid
polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply
equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves,
humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel
vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters
and controls; electrochemical power generators to convert
fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels,
ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars,
trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and
mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies,
with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with
anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; modular
electric power generators for use in assembling stationary,
distributed power generation systems. Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode
assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid
polymer electrolytes; electronic publications in the fields
of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy
technologies and their applications. Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of
hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy
technologies and their applications, and environmental
sustainability; publishing of electronic publications. Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus
and machines, namely electrical power generation equipment
and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant
to direct current electricity for stationary, portable,
transportation and electrical power distribution blocks
applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical
fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer
electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and
apparatus, controls and accessories for generating
electricity; design and development of electrical equipment,
apparatus and machines, namely electrical power generation
equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel
and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels,
ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars,
trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and
mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies,
with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with
anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; design and
development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of
such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer
electrolytes; providing technological information for
environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field
of fuel cells; providing technological information on
hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway
construction and mining vehicles.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Electrochemical power generation systems, namely, electric power generators for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, all being part of the electrochemical power plants; electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; downloadable electronic publications in the nature of reports, fact sheets, brochures, manuals, product specification sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications Publication of printed matter, namely, papers, fact sheets, reports, brochures, manuals and product specification sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories for generating electricity; design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; providing technological information about environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems.
(2) Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Electronic publications in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications. (1) Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability; Publishing of electronic publications.
(2) Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, for generating electricity; Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Providing technological information for environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Generators of electricity; Electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems. Apparatus and instruments for accumulating and storing electricity; Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Electronic publications in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications. Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability; Publishing of electronic publications. Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines; Design and development of electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories for generating electricity; Design and development of electrical equipment of electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Design and development of apparatus and instruments for accumulating and storing electricity; Design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Providing technological information for environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Electrochemical power generation systems, namely, electric power generators for mining vehicles incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks; downloadable electronic publications in the nature of reports, fact sheets, brochures, manuals, product specification sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications Providing technological information about environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, and rail vehicles
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Electrochemical power generation systems, namely, electric power generators for ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, and off-highway construction vehicles incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, and off-highway construction vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems Membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, fluid pumps, air compressors, thermostatic valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and electrical controls, all being part of the electrochemical power plants Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories for generating electricity; design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; providing technological information on hydrogen-powered off-highway construction and mining vehicles
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems.
(2) Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Electronic publications in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications.
(3) Carbon paper
(4) Carbon fibres (1) Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability; Publishing of electronic publications.
(2) Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, for generating electricity; Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Providing technological information for environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
generators of electricity; electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems. apparatus and instruments for accumulating and storing electricity; fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Electronic publications in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications. Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability; Publishing of electronic publications. design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines; design and development of electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories for generating electricity; design and development of electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; design and development of apparatus and instruments for accumulating and storing electricity; design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; providing technological information for environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles.
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories for generating electricity; Design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely, electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Providing technological information about environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Downloadable electronic publications in the nature of reports, fact sheets, brochures, manuals and product specification sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications Providing technological information about environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine and rail vehicles
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
17 - Rubber and plastic; packing and insulating materials
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Electrochemical power generation systems incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and membrane electrode assemblies therefor; Electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls; Electrochemical power generators to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Modular electric power generators for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems.
(2) Fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Electronic publications in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications.
(3) Carbon paper
(4) Carbon fibres (1) Publication of papers and fact sheets in the fields of hydrogen, fuel cells, fuel cell and clean energy technologies and their applications, and environmental sustainability; Publishing of electronic publications.
(2) Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for use in the fields of stationary power supply, portable power supply, transportation and electrical power distribution blocks, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely, pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, air filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, for generating electricity; Design and development of electrical equipment and machines, namely electrical power generators and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for vessels, ships, boats, marine vehicles, land vehicles, railway cars, trains, railway vehicles, off-highway construction and mining vehicles and their structural parts and assemblies, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes; Providing technological information for environmentally conscious and green inventions in the field of fuel cells; Providing technological information on hydrogen-powered land, marine, rail and off-highway construction and mining vehicles.
19.
Membrane electrode assembly with improved cohesion
A membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer; a cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer; and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode; wherein at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprises a block co-polymer comprising poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide).
H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
H01M 8/1023 - Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electricity generators; electric power generators for
railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural
parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks
used as part of electric power generators for railway cars,
trains and railway vehicles; electric power generators for
railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural
parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks
and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric
power generators for railway cars, trains and railway
vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps,
humidifiers and pressure regulators; electricity generators
for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural
parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks
used as part of electricity generators for railway cars,
trains and railway vehicles; electricity generators for
railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural
parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks
and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of
electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway
vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps,
humidifiers and pressure regulators. Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and
electricity generators and in power and electricity
generation systems in railway cars, trains and railway
vehicles; fuel cells; membrane electrode assemblies for fuel
cells.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electricity generators; electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators; electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and in power and electricity generation systems in railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; fuel cells; membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Electricity generators; Electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; Electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric power generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators; Electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; Electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electricity generators for railway cars, trains and railway vehicles, which system comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators.
(2) Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and in power and electricity generation systems in railway cars, trains and railway vehicles; Fuel cells; Membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells.
23.
METHOD OF MAKING AN ELECTRODE USING ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION
A method of making an electrode assembly comprising the steps of: providing a non-porous substrate; providing a carbonaceous material onto the non-porous substrate to form a microporous carbonaceous layer; and providing a noble metal catalyst onto the microporous carbonaceous layer to form a catalyst layer; wherein the noble metal catalyst is provided via atomic layer deposition onto the microporous carbonaceous layer.
H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
C23C 16/00 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
24.
Membrane electrode assembly with fluoro alkyl compound additive
A membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer and an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer, a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer, and a layer comprising a fluoroalkyl-phosphonic acid compound between at least one of the anode gas diffusion layer and the anode catalyst layer, the anode catalyst layer and the polymer electrolyte membrane, the polymer electrolyte membrane and the cathode catalyst layer, and the cathode catalyst layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
A method is provided for operating a fuel cell stack with improved performance recovery from sub-saturated conditions, the method comprising setting an alert for the performance recovery of the fuel cell stack, performing at least one oxidant starvation by supplying oxidant at a stoichiometric ratio below 1 to the fuel cell stack in at least one pulse for a preset amount of time and at low current while the fuel cell stack does not generate power. The fuel cell system with an improved performance recovery comprises a shorting circuit which is connected to the fuel cell stack at predetermined times (startup, shutdown or standby mode) and an air compressor powered by a DC-DC converter which supplies a predetermined number of oxidant pulses of a predetermined duration to the fuel cell stack.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electric power generators; electricity generators; electric
power generators for vessels, ships, boats and marine
vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel
cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electric power
generators for vessels, ships, boats and marine vehicles;
electricity generators for vessels, ships, boats and marine
vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel
cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electricity
generators for vessels, ships, boats and marine vehicles. Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and
electricity generators and power and electricity generation
system in vessels, ships, boats and marine vehicles; fuel
cells; membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells.
27.
Cathode electrode design for electrochemical fuel cells
A membrane electrode assembly including: an anode electrode; a cathode electrode; and a polymer electrolyte membrane; wherein the cathode includes a first cathode catalyst sublayer including a first precious metal catalyst composition and a first ionomer composition including a first ionomer and a second ionomer; and a second cathode catalyst sublayer including a second precious metal catalyst composition and a second ionomer composition including a third ionomer; wherein the first ionomer is different from the second ionomer in at least one of chemical structure and equivalent weight.
A fuel cell stack assembly comprises a co-axial array of air-cooled fuel cell stacks placed in an enclosure having an air inlet and an air outlet and an air circulating device comprising one or more fans for circulating air through the fuel cell stacks. The air-cooling arrangement comprises a series of baffles which are placed between the fuel cell stacks to divide the main air intake stream into side air intake streams which circulate through the fuel cell stacks and to guide the side air exhaust streams exiting the fuel cell stacks to a main air exhaust stream which exits the enclosure.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electricity generators; Electric power generators for [ vessels, ] ships, boats and marine vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electric power generators for [ vessels, ] ships, boats and marine vehicles; Electricity generators for [ vessels, ] ships, boats and marine vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electricity generators for vessels, ships, boats and marine vehicles Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and in power and electricity generation systems in [ vessels, ] ships, boats and marine vehicles; Fuel cells; Membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Electric power generators; Electricity generators; Electric power generators for ships, boats and marine vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electric power generators for ships, boats and marine vehicles; Electricity generators for ships, boats and marine vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of electricity generators for ships, boats and marine vehicles
(2) Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and power and electricity generation system in ships, boats and marine vehicles; Fuel cells; Membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
31.
MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH SUPPORTED METAL OXIDE
A membrane electrode assembly comprises a polymer electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the polymer electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the polymer electrolyte; at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprising: a first catalyst composition comprising a noble metal; and a second composition comprising an iridium-containing metal oxide supported on a cerium oxide support.
A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises a membrane electrode assembly comprising a polymer electrolyte disposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode and cathode electrodes each comprising a catalyst, a central region and a peripheral region, wherein the peripheral region of the cathode electrode comprises a cathode edge barrier layer; a fluid impermeable seal in contact with at least a portion of the anode and cathode peripheral regions and the cathode edge barrier layer; an anode flow field plate adjacent the anode electrode; and a cathode flow field plate adjacent the cathode electrode, wherein the cathode flow field separator plate comprises a cathode peripheral flow channel and at least one cathode central flow channel; wherein at least a portion of the cathode edge barrier layer traverses at least a portion of the cathode peripheral flow channel.
H01M 8/0265 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
A membrane electrode assembly comprises a polymer electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the polymer electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the polymer electrolyte; at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprising: a first catalyst composition comprising a noble metal; and a second composition comprising a metal oxide; wherein the second composition has been treated with a fluoro-phosphonic acid compound.
A flow field plate comprises a first flow field surface, an opposing second surface, and at least one flow channel and at least one landing formed in the first flow field surface, wherein the landing comprises a main surface, at least a first protrusion and a second protrusion extending from the main surface, each of the first and the second protrusions being placed at an edge of the main surface of the landing. The main surface of the landing has preferably a curved shape and the protrusions extending from the main surface have preferably a rounded shape.
H01M 8/0258 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
35.
MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH FLUORO ALKYL COMPOUND ADDITIVE
A membrane electrode assembly comprises a polymer electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the polymer electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the polymer electrolyte; at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprising: a first catalyst composition comprising a noble metal; and a second composition comprising a metal oxide; wherein the second composition has been treated with a fluoro-phosphonic acid compound.
A sealing arrangement for a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly consists essentially of an adhesive layer (150) deposited on a landing (152) at the periphery of the separator plate (120) adjacent to the anode side of the membrane electrode assembly. The landing (152) that carries the adhesive layer (150) lies around a pocket (130) in the separator plate (120) where the anode diffusion layer (114) of the membrane electrode assembly is placed such that the adhesive layer (150) connects the polymer exchange membrane (112) of the membrane electrode assembly with the separator plate (120). The sealing arrangement can further comprise a sealing gasket (140) placed between the polymer exchange membrane (112) and the separator plate adjacent to the cathode side of the membrane electrode assembly, the sealing gasket (140) being aligned with the fuel inlet and/or the fuel outlet (128) of the separator plate.
A fuel cell stack assembly is disclosed comprising: a fuel cell stack comprising a first end plate, a second end plate, and a plurality of fuel cells interposed between the first and the second end plates; and a compression band which urges the first end plate towards the second end plate along a first face of the fuel cell stack and also along an opposing second face of the fuel stack in a stacking direction thereof in at least two passes on each face of fuel cells stack, thereby applying a compressive force upon the plurality of fuel cells in the fuel cell stack.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electric power generators; Electricity generators; Electric power generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric power generators for land vehicles; Electricity generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electricity generators for land vehicles. Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and power and electricity generation system in land vehicles; Fuel cells; Membrane electrode assembles for fuel cells.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electricity generators; electric power generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric power generators for land vehicles, comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators; electricity generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electricity generators for land vehicles, comprised primarily of valves, pumps, humidifiers and pressure regulators Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and power and electricity generation system in land vehicles; fuel cells; membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
40.
MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH IMPROVED COHESION
A membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer; a cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer; and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode; wherein at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprises a block co-polymer comprising poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Electric power generators; Electricity generators; Electric power generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electric power generators for land vehicles; Electricity generators for land vehicles and structural parts therefor incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks and hydrogen fuel management system used as part of electricity generators for land vehicles
(2) Fuel cell and fuel cell stacks for use in power and electricity generators and power and electricity generation system in land vehicles; Fuel cells; Membrane electrode assembles for fuel cells
A flow field plate for an air-cooled fuel cell comprising: an anode flow field comprising a serpentine anode flow channel with a plurality of passes, wherein each pass is separated by an anode landing and each pass is fluidly connected to an adjacent pass by a recess formed in the anode landing; and an opposing cathode flow field comprising a plurality of cathode flow channels, wherein each cathode flow channel is separated by a cathode landing; wherein: the anode landing forms the cathode flow field channels; and a depth of the recess in the anode landing is less than a depth of the cathode flow channels.
H01M 8/0263 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
H01M 8/0265 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
H01M 8/04014 - Heat exchange using gaseous fluidsHeat exchange by combustion of reactants
H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
43.
Reduced stack voltage circuitry for energy storage system diagnostics
Systems and methods to provide a low voltage interface coupleable between an energy storage device or a DC power source (e.g., fuel cell stack, battery) and one or more AC signal diagnostic systems. The low voltage interface reduces a voltage of the DC power source and supplies the reduced voltage to the one or more AC signal diagnostic systems without affecting the results of the measurements obtained by the one or more AC signal diagnostic systems. Such functionality provides a safer method for performing advanced analysis (e.g., EIS, frequency analysis) while utilizing lower cost and/or smaller components.
A membrane electrode assembly comprising a solid electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the solid electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the solid electrolyte; wherein at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprises a component that has been treated with a polyethylene glycol-phosphonic acid compound.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Electric power generators for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and their parts and assemblies, incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of power generators for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Fuel cells and fuel cell stacks for use in power generators, power generation systems and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV); fuel cells; and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells.
46.
CATHODE ELECTRODE DESIGN FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL FUEL CELLS
A membrane electrode assembly including: an anode electrode; a cathode electrode; and a polymer electrolyte membrane; wherein the cathode includes a first cathode catalyst sublayer including a first precious metal catalyst composition and a first ionomer composition including a first ionomer and a second ionomer; and a second cathode catalyst sublayer including a second precious metal catalyst composition and a second ionomer composition including a third ionomer; wherein the first ionomer is different from the second ionomer in at least one of chemical structure and equivalent weight.
A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprises a membrane electrode assembly comprising a polymer electrolyte disposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode and cathode electrodes each comprising a catalyst, a central region and a peripheral region, wherein the peripheral region of the cathode electrode comprises a cathode edge barrier layer; a fluid impermeable seal in contact with at least a portion of the anode and cathode peripheral regions and the cathode edge barrier layer; an anode flow field plate adjacent the anode electrode; and a cathode flow field plate adjacent the cathode electrode, wherein the cathode flow field separator plate comprises a cathode peripheral flow channel and at least one cathode central flow channel; wherein at least a portion of the cathode edge barrier layer traverses at least a portion of the cathode peripheral flow channel.
H01M 8/0265 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
48.
MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH IMPROVED ELECTRODE
A membrane electrode assembly comprises a polymer electrolyte interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode comprising an anode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a first major surface of the polymer electrolyte, the cathode electrode comprising a cathode catalyst layer adjacent at least a portion of a second major surface of the polymer electrolyte; at least one of the anode and cathode catalyst layers comprising: a first catalyst composition comprising a noble metal; and a second composition comprising a metal oxide; wherein the second composition has been treated with a fluoro-phosphonic acid compound.
A sealed membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a method of sealing the MEA comprises the steps of providing a frame around a periphery of the MEA to form a framed MEA; providing a through-hole in the frame; placing the framed MEA into a seal mold, the seal mold comprising a reservoir region, a seal bead region, and at least one runner region; feeding a flow-processable seal material into the reservoir region in the seal mold that is aligned with the throughhole in the frame; feeding the flow-processable seal material from the reservoir region to the seal bead region through the at least one runner region; wherein a hydraulic diameter of the at least one runner region is less than a hydraulic diameter of the reservoir region.
B29C 45/14 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
B29C 45/00 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor
B29K 21/00 - Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
electric power generators incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks, for use in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV); replacement and structural parts for the foregoing; fuel cells and fuel cell stacks sold as an integral component of electric power generators for use in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Electric power generators for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and their parts and assemblies, incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of power generators for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
(2) Fuel cells and fuel cell stacks for use in power generators, power generation systems and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV); fuel cells; and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
A fuel cell with an improved electrocatalyst and a method of pretreating a fuel cell to improve the electrocatalyst are disclosed. The method of pretreating a fuel cell comprising an anode catalyst comprising platinum supported on a niobium-doped titanium oxide support comprises holding the fuel cell at a potential of about 1.45V for at least about 2 hours. In another embodiment the method of pretreating the fuel cell comprises potential cycling the fuel cell from about 1.0V to 1.4V for at least about 700 cycles, or for at least 2000 cycles or 3000 cycles. It was found that by pretreating the fuel cell as described above, the hydrogen reduction reaction electrocatalytic activity of the anode catalyst is maintained while the oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic activity is selectively reduced.
Methods for detecting a hydrogen leak and quantifying a rate of the same in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack are provided, as well as a fuel cell diagnostic apparatus that diagnoses a hydrogen leak in a fuel cell stack.
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Custom design service, engineering services and product development services; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrical equipment, apparatus and machines; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable and transportation applications; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories associated to power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants for generating electricity; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, for electrochemical power plants.
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Custom design service, engineering services and product development services; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrical equipment, apparatus and machines; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrical power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable and transportation applications; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to reactant supply equipment and apparatus, controls and accessories associated to power generation equipment and electrochemical power plants for generating electricity; Custom design service, engineering services and product development services related to electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, for electrochemical power plants.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable and transportation applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, for generating electricity.
(2) Fuel cell stacks, fuel cells, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells. (1) Custom design and development of electrical equipment, apparatus and machines, namely electrochemical power plants to convert fuel and oxidant to direct current electricity for stationary, portable and transportation applications, with one or more stacks of electrochemical fuel cells with anodes, cathodes and solid polymer electrolytes and associated fuel and oxidant supply equipment and apparatus, namely pumps, compressors, valves, humidifiers, humidity exchangers, fuel tanks, fuel vaporizers, filters, oxidant purifiers, oxidant converters and controls, for generating electricity; custom design and development of electrochemical fuel cells, and stacks of such cells, for electrochemical power plants.
57.
REDUCED STACK VOLTAGE CIRCUITRY FOR ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM DIAGNOSTICS
Systems and methods to provide a low voltage interface coupleable between an energy storage device or a DC power source (e.g., fuel cell stack, battery) and one or more AC signal diagnostic systems. The low voltage interface reduces a voltage of the DC power source and supplies the reduced voltage to the one or more AC signal diagnostic systems without affecting the results of the measurements obtained by the one or more AC signal diagnostic systems. Such functionality provides a safer method for performing advanced analysis (e.g., EIS, frequency analysis) while utilizing lower cost and/or smaller components.
G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
A fuel cell stack assembly is disclosed comprising: a fuel cell stack comprising a first end plate, a second end plate, and a plurality of fuel cells interposed between the first and the second end plates; and a compression band which urges the first end plate towards the second end plate along a first face of the fuel cell stack and also along an opposing second face of the fuel stack in a stacking direction thereof in at least two passes on each face of fuel cells stack, thereby applying a compressive force upon the plurality of fuel cells in the fuel cell stack.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Power generators not for land vehicles, namely, for auxiliary power supplies and their parts and assemblies for stationary,portable, and backup power generation systems incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks. Fuel cell stacks for use in power generators and power generation systems, fuel cells, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells.
A method of making a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell comprising: providing an anode, a cathode, and an ion-exchange membrane interposed therebetween; providing an electrically insulating oxide which is functionalized with an antioxidant or with a chelating agent which is complexed with an antioxidant to form an antioxidant additive; and applying the antioxidant additive to at least one of the anode, the cathode, and the ion-exchange membrane. The antioxidant is at least one of a radical scavenger, a hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst or a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer.
A sealed membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a method of sealing the MEA comprises the steps of providing a frame around a periphery of the MEA to form a framed MEA; providing a through-hole in the frame; placing the framed MEA into a seal mold, the seal mold comprising a reservoir region, a seal bead region, and at least one runner region; feeding a flow-processable seal material into the reservoir region in the seal mold that is aligned with the through-hole in the frame; feeding the flow-processable seal material from the reservoir region to the seal bead region through the at least one runner region; wherein a hydraulic diameter of the at least one runner region is less than a hydraulic diameter of the reservoir region.
H01M 8/0273 - Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
B29C 45/14 - Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mouldApparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
Multi-mode control systems and methods for range-extended plug-in electric vehicles. The plug-in electric vehicle principally utilizes a battery as an energy source and employs a secondary power source, such as a fuel cell subsystem, as a battery charger to extend the range of the vehicle. A control subsystem operates the secondary power source to minimize fuel consumption near an end of a trip. In some operating modes, the secondary power source operates at full rated power to reduce the required run time of the secondary power source, thereby increasing its lifetime. The secondary power source may also operate more efficiently at full rated power as compared to operating in a part power or load-following mode.
Methods for detecting a hydrogen leak and quantifying a rate of the same in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack are provided, as well as a fuel cell diagnostic apparatus that diagnoses a hydrogen leak in a fuel cell stack.
In solid polymer fuel cells employing framed membrane electrode assemblies, a conventional anode compliant seal is employed in combination with a cathode non-compliant seal to provide for a thinner fuel cell design, particularly in the context of a fuel cell stack. This approach is particularly suitable for fuel cells operating at low pressure.
According to an embodiment, a fuel cell system includes an anode supply circuit is configured for delivering an anode source fluid to anode components. The anode supply circuit includes a primary supply path, a desulfurizer situated along the primary supply path, and a pre-reformer downstream of the desulfurizer and upstream of the anode components. The pre-reformer converts a portion of anode source fluid into an anode reactant and yields a reformed source fluid that includes the anode reactant. A first feedback path carries anode exhaust fluid from the anode components such that at least some heat associated with the anode exhaust fluid facilitates the pre-reformer converting at least some anode source fluid into the anode reactant. A second feedback path carries at least a portion of the reformed source fluid to be mixed with the anode source fluid provided to the desulfurizer.
According to an example embodiment, a fuel cell component manufacturing assembly includes a support member that is configured to be situated adjacent the fuel cell component to provide support for the component. The support member has a perimeter corresponding to a perimeter of the component. A platen member has a configuration corresponding to at least a portion of the support member for being received against a portion of the component. A temperature of the platen member is controllable to achieve a desired temperature of a material situated adjacent the platen member. The platen member has a surface area that is less than a surface area of the component such that only the portion of the component is subject to pressure resulting from a force urging the platen member and the support member together with the component between the support member and the platen member.
An object of the present invention is to provide a production method which can increase the activity of a catalyst particle comprising a core particle and an outermost layer, the core particle comprising at least one of palladium and a palladium alloy, and the outermost layer comprising at least one of platinum and a platinum alloy and covering the core particle. Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst for fuel cells, in which a catalyst particle is supported by an electroconductive carrier, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a supported catalyst in which a catalyst particle comprising a core particle and an outermost layer is supported by an electroconductive carrier, the core particle comprising at least one of palladium and a palladium alloy, and the outermost layer comprising at least one of platinum and a platinum alloy and covering the core particle; acid treatment to bring the supported catalyst into contact with an acid solution which dissolves palladium more preferentially than platinum; and firing the supported catalyst at 80°C or more and less than 200°C in a reducing gas atmosphere after the acid treatment step.
An exemplary fuel cell component comprises a reactant distribution plate including a plurality of channels configured for facilitating gas reactant flow such that the gas reactant may be used in an electrochemical reaction for generating electricity in a fuel cell. Each of the channels has a length that corresponds to a direction of reactant gas flow along the channel. A width of each channel is generally perpendicular to the length. A depth of each channel is generally perpendicular to the width and the length. At least one of the width or the depth has at least two different dimensions at a single lengthwise location of the channel.
An exemplary flow field includes a plurality of flow channel portions. There are n inlet portions configured for introducing a fluid into the flow field. A plurality of first pass portions direct fluid flow in a first direction. A plurality of second pass portions direct fluid flow in a second direction that is generally parallel to and opposite to the first direction. A plurality of third pass portions direct fluid flow in the first direction. n outlet portions are configured to allow fluid to exit the flow field. n is an integer and a number of the portions in at least one plurality of pass portions is a non-integer multiple of n.
A microporous layer for use in a fuel cell includes a first carbon black having carboxyl groups at a concentration less than 0.1 mmol per gram of carbon, a hydrophobic additive and a hydrophilic additive. A method for producing a membrane electrode assembly includes preparing a microporous layer ink, applying the microporous layer ink to a first side of a gas diffusion substrate, sintering the gas diffusion substrate to form a gas diffusion layer having a first side with a microporous layer, and thermally bonding the first side of the gas diffusion layer to an electrode layer. The microporous layer ink includes a suspension medium, a first carbon black having carboxyl groups at a concentration less than 0.1 mmol per gram of carbon, a hydrophobic additive and a hydrophilic additive.
An exemplary method of cooling a fuel cell includes directing coolant through a coolant supply channel near at least one reactant flow channel. The coolant supply channel extends from a coolant inlet spaced from a reactant inlet to a coolant outlet. The coolant supply channel includes a first portion starting at the coolant inlet and a second portion near the reactant inlet. The first portion facilitates coolant flow from the coolant inlet directly toward the second portion. The second portion includes a plurality of channel sections that collectively facilitate coolant flow in a plurality of directions along the second portion near the reactant inlet. The coolant supply channel includes a third portion between the second portion and the coolant outlet.
An exemplary fuel cell component includes a generally planar body having a total area defined by a length and width of the body. A first portion of the total area is occupied by a first fuel cell features that renders the first portion unusable for at least one fuel cell function. A second portion of the total area is occupied by a second fuel cell feature that renders the second portion unusable for the fuel cell function. A third portion of the total area is considered an active area of the component that is useful for the fuel cell function. An aspect ratio of the length to the width of the generally planar body is dependent on a dimension of the first portion and a dimension of the second portion.
An exemplary fuel cell electrode assembly includes a membrane. A first electrode is on the first side of the membrane. A second electrode is on a second side of the membrane. A first gas diffusion layer is adjacent the first electrode. At least a portion of the first gas diffusion layer is at least partially impregnated by a first plastic material that bonds the portion of the first gas diffusion layer to the first electrode. A second gas diffusion layer is adjacent the second electrode. At least a portion of the second gas diffusion layer is at least partially impregnated by a second plastic material that bonds the second gas diffusion layer to the second electrode. A third plastic material is between at least one of the gas diffusion layers and the adjacent electrode for electrically isolating the first gas diffusion layer from the second gas diffusion layer.
An exemplary method of analyzing a material including platinum and palladium includes exposing the material to hydrogen. The hydrogen-exposed material is irradiated. A determination is made regarding a characteristic of the material based on a result of the irradiation.
G01N 23/20 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structureInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materialsInvestigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups , or by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
An example fuel cell electrode forming method includes covering at least a portion of a copper monolayer with a liquid platinum and replacing the copper monolayer to form a platinum monolayer from the liquid platinum.
An exemplary fuel cell component includes a plate comprising an electrically conductive material. An electrical connector includes a first portion embedded in the plate. A second portion of the electrical connector extends from the plate. The second portion is configured to make an electrically conductive connection with another device.
An exemplary fuel cell component includes a generally planar, porous gas diffusion layer. A thermoplastic material at least partially impregnates a selected portion of the gas diffusion layer. A seal member is molded onto the portion of the gas diffusion layer that includes the thermoplastic material.
An example fuel cell assembly includes a plate having channels configured to facilitate movement of a fuel cell fluid near an area of active flow of fuel cell. The channels include portions having a varying depth that extend laterally outside of the area of active flow.
A controller (11a) of a DC/DC converter (10a) responsive to power output of a fuel cell power plant (13) operates under a control strategy which determines if fuel cell voltage exceeds a limit, and if so, provided neither fuel cell output current nor DC/DC converter output current is excessive, causes an increase in DC/DC converter duty cycle to thereby increase power demanded from the fuel cell stack. This eliminates the need for conventional voltage limiting to protect fuel cells from corrosion. Digital control loops and state machines are illustrated.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 3/28 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
An exemplary manifold assembly includes a gas inlet manifold configured to introduce a gas to a fuel cell. A gas outlet manifold is configured to direct gas away from the fuel cell. A drain channel connects the inlet manifold to the outlet manifold. The drain channel is configured to carry liquid from the gas inlet manifold to the gas outlet manifold.
Provided are: a method for producing a catalyst for fuel cells, said catalyst having excellent durability; and a fuel cell which comprises a catalyst for fuel cells, said catalyst being produced by the production method. A method for producing a catalyst for fuel cells, said catalyst being provided with: fine catalyst particles, each comprising a center particle containing palladium and an outermost layer containing platinum and covering the center particle; and a carbon carrier by which the fine catalyst particles are supported. This method for producing a catalyst for fuel cells is characterized by comprising: a step for preparing a carbon carrier on which palladium-containing particles are supported; a step for making the carbon carrier, on which palladium-containing particles are supported, into fine pieces; and a step for coating the palladium-containing particles with outermost layers that contain platinum after the step for making the carbon carrier into fine pieces.
A method of operating a fuel cell power system comprising: supplying a hydrocarbon fuel to a fuel processing system; supplying air and water to the fuel processing system; supplying a hydrogen-rich reformate from the fuel processing system to a fuel cell stack; supplying an anode waste gas from the fuel cell stack to a burner; drawing a load from the at least one fuel cell stack; and detecting an operating temperature of the fuel reformer; wherein supplying air and water to the fuel processing system comprises adjusting an amount of air and water to be supplied based on the load drawn from the fuel cell stack; and supplying the hydrocarbon fuel to the fuel processing system comprises adjusting an amount of hydrocarbon fuel to be supplied based on the detected operating temperature of the fuel reformer.
H01M 8/06 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
H01M 8/04 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
A flow field plate comprises a first flow field; an opposing second flow field; and at least one flow channel formed in the first flow field, the at least one flow channel comprising: a first side and an opposing second side separated by an open-faced top and a bottom; and a first side channel formed in a portion of the open-faced top and in a portion of the first side along a continuous length of the at least one flow channel, the first side channel comprising a first side wall and a first bottom wall; wherein the first side wall of the first side channel and the first bottom wall of the first side channel form an obtuse angle in cross-section; and a depth of the bottom of the at least one flow channel is greater than a depth of the bottom wall of the first side channel.
H01M 8/026 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
H01M 8/04119 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyteHumidifying or dehumidifying
H01M 8/1007 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
In solid polymer fuel cells employing framed membrane electrode assemblies, a conventional anode compliant seal is employed in combination with a cathode non-compliant seal to provide for a thinner fuel cell design, particularly in the context of a fuel cell stack. This approach is particularly suitable for fuel cells operating at low pressure.
A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack comprising a series stack of framed membrane electrode assemblies separated by a plurality of separator plates comprising reactant ports that, when stacked together, form an internal reactant manifold. For sealing purposes, an end separator plate in the stack may need to be made either without these ports, or with the ports sealed off in some manner. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack is provided that employs a special framed membrane electrode assembly to seal off the ports in the end separator plate.
In solid polymer fuel cells employing framed membrane electrode assemblies, a conventional anode compliant seal is employed in combination with a cathode non-compliant seal to provide for a thinner fuel cell design, particularly in the context of a fuel cell stack. This approach is particularly suitable for fuel cells operating at low pressure.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
(1) Power generators not for land vehicles; modular power generation units for use in assembling stationary, distributed power generation systems; and fuel cells, fuel cell stacks and other parts and assemblies for stationary power generation systems sold as a unit therewith.
90.
COMPOSITE BIPOLAR SEPARATOR PLATE FOR AIR COOLED FUEL CELL
In an air cooled fuel cell, a composite bipolar separator plate is used in place of a thicker bipolar plate made from a single piece of material. The composite separator plate comprises a base plate and a corrugated plate. The base plate has an anode flow field on one major surface and the corrugated plate is adjacent the other major surface of the base plate. The major surface of the corrugated plate that is opposite the base plate serves as a cathode flow field. The adjacent major surfaces of the corrugated plate and the base plate together define air cooling channels that would not generally be present if the plate were made in a single piece. This composite construction provides greater air cooling capacity for a given thickness of bipolar plate.
A method for operating a fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first current and a first temperature, electrically coupled in parallel with a second fuel cell stack having a second current and a second temperature, may include: triggering a fault response when a differential between the first and second currents or between the first and second temperatures exceeds a respective threshold.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
(1) Fuel cell stacks for use in power generators and power generation systems, fuel cells, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells.
(2) Electric power generators and power generation systems for land vehicles and their parts and assemblies, incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of power generators and power generation systems for land vehicles.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
electric power generators for land vehicles and their parts and assemblies, incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks used as part of power generators for land vehicles fuel cell stacks for use in power generators and power generation systems, fuel cells, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
power generators not for land vehicles, namely, for auxiliary power supplies and their parts and assemblies for stationary, portable, and backup power generation systems incorporating fuel cells and fuel cell stacks fuel cell stacks for use in power generators and power generation systems, fuel cells, and membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells
96.
WATER INSOLUBLE ADDITIVE FOR IMPROVING CONDUCTIVITY OF AN ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE
A water insoluble additive for improving the performance of an ion- exchange membrane, such as in the context of the high temperature operation of electrochemical fuel cells. The insoluble additive comprises a metal oxide cross-linked matrix having proton conducting groups covalently attached to the matrix through linkers. In one embodiment, the metal is silicon and the cross-linked matrix is a siloxane cross- linked matrix containing silicon atoms cross-linked by multiple disiloxy bonds and having proton conducting groups covalently attached to the silicon atoms through alkanediyl linkers.
A fuel cell comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween; an anode flow field adjacent the anode electrode; and a cathode flow field adjacent the cathode; wherein the anode flow field comprises a single serpentine anode flow channel with at least one anode channel pass and at least one anode landing on a first surface, and the cathode flow field comprises at least one serpentine cathode flow channel with a plurality of cathode channel passes and cathode landings on a first surface, wherein each anode channel pass aligns and overlaps with an alternating cathode channel pass, and the pitch of the anode flow field is at least twice the pitch of the cathode flow field.
A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack, a fuel recirculation line provided with a jet pump and a valve controlled by a control unit based on the anode-cathode pressure differential such that the valve is closed to reduce or stop fuel supply when the anode-cathode pressure differential reaches a predetermined value, and opened again to circulate more fuel through the jet pump when the pressure differential is below a predetermined value, to create a pulsed fuel supply that improves the fuel recirculation at low loads and ensures adequate water removal from the anode flow field channels.
An electrochemical system is provided, the electrochemical system comprising a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack comprising at least one fuel cell, each fuel cell having at least one membrane electrode assembly interposed between an anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate, each membrane electrode assembly including an ion exchange membrane interposed between an anode electrode layer and a cathode electrode layer, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the anode electrode layers of the fuel cells is in fluid communication with an accumulating device. The accumulating device is operable to accumulate and dispense at least one of hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. A method of ceasing operation of the electrochemical system is also disclosed.
Measurement systems for electrochemical devices employ a semi-conductive measurement strip that can be coupled to the electrochemical device to indicate an electrical characteristic of the electrochemical device. The measurement systems may further include electrical contactors and/or measurement devices. Methods for monitoring cells of an electrochemical device are disclosed for monitoring and analyzing the change over distance of the voltages of the electrochemical device.
