In order to detect the failure of switch-off devices which are designed to be able to reduce the DC voltages within a PV generator below a certain limit value in an emergency, the DC voltage at a DC input of the inverter of the PV system is continuously varied. Jumps in the current or in the power of the PV generator are detected depending on the DC voltage, and an actual number of switched-on or switched-off switch-off devices is determined from the absolute levels and the number of jumps, and is compared with a target value.
The invention relates to a DC/DC converter (10, 20) for the transfer of electrical power between a first DC connection (12) and a second DC connection (14), wherein the first DC connection (12) has a first positive pole (P1+) and a first negative pole (P1-) and is designed for two-pole connection to a unipolar DC source, in particular to a photovoltaic generator, wherein the second DC connection (14) has a second positive pole (P2+) and a second negative pole (P2-) and a center pole (PM) and is designed for three-pole connection to a bipolar load, in particular to a three-level DC/AC converter (16), wherein the DC/DC converter (10, 20) has a bridge circuit which has a first series circuit of a first semiconductor element (T1) and a second semiconductor element (T2) between the second positive pole (P2+) and the center pole (PM) as well as a second series circuit of a third semiconductor element (T3) and a fourth semiconductor element (T4) between the center pole (PM) and the second negative pole (P2-), wherein the first positive pole (P1+) is connected via a first connection to a first center tap between the first and the second semiconductor element (T1, T2), wherein the first negative pole (P1-) is connected via a second connection to a second center tap between the third and the fourth semiconductor element (T3, T4), wherein a first choke (L1) is arranged in the first connection and a second choke (L2) is arranged in the second connection, wherein the first choke and the second choke (L1, L2) are symmetrical to one another. The invention also relates to a method for operating a DC/DC converter (10, 20), and to an inverter (30) having a DC/DC converter (10, 20) and a method for operating an inverter (30) having a DC/DC converter (10, 20).
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
A power generation system for feeding electrical power from a generation unit into a three-phase grid via three AC terminals is disclosed. The system includes a relay arrangement for disconnecting the system from the grid having at least three relays. Each of the three relays includes a control coil and two switching contacts operated by the corresponding control coil. Each of the AC terminals is connectable to the grid via a first and a second switching contact, each of which is assigned to a different one of the relays. Further disclosed are a relay arrangement and an inverter with a relay arrangement.
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H01H 47/00 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
4.
SOFTWARE-BASED CONFIGURATION OF THE POWER CLASS AND ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS OF AN INVERTER
The disclosure relates to a method for operating a power electronics device that includes checking, at the start of operation, whether exactly one activated power class profile is present from a plurality of different power class profiles, and only when exactly one activated power class profile is present, will a start of operation of the device be permitted under the conditions stored in the activated power class profile. In response to receiving a deactivation request from an authorized person, the activated power class profile is converted into a deactivated power class profile and a deactivation confirmation marked secret and stored on the device is sent to the authorized person. A corresponding power electronics device is likewise disclosed.
The application relates to a method for operating an inverter configured to exchange power between a DC side and an AC side. The inverter includes a bridge circuit and a divided intermediate circuit with at least two partial capacitances, arranged between the DC side and the bridge circuit. The method includes producing a first asymmetry of the partial capacitances relative to one another for generating a first potential position of DC potentials of the partial capacitances of the intermediate circuit relative to ground potential, setting the first potential position of the DC potentials of the partial capacitances of the intermediate circuit to a first setpoint value by varying the asymmetry, the first setpoint value being constant for a first period of time or modulated at a frequency which is at least 100 times lower than an AC frequency of the exchange power.
The application discloses an arrangement/method for insulation measurement on an electric vehicle (EV). The arrangement is configured to be connected to a battery of the EV via EV terminals. The arrangement has a power converter with AC terminals for connecting to an AC grid and DC terminals. A first DC terminal is connectable to a first EV terminal via a first DC switch and a second DC terminal is connectable to a second EV terminal via a second DC switch or via a parallel circuit composed of the second DC switch and a third DC switch. The arrangement is configured to, when the power converter and the AC grid are connected: connect one of the DC terminals to the corresponding EV terminal by closing one of the DC switches, set a DC voltage at the DC terminals by clocking the power converter, and perform the insulation measurement.
B60L 58/16 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
G01R 31/00 - Arrangements for testing electric propertiesArrangements for locating electric faultsArrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
7.
METHOD FOR ARC DETECTION AND INVERTER FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
The right of protection describes a method for detecting an arc (50) in a DC circuit, having the following steps: - operating a DC/DC converter (21, 22) of a two-stage inverter (10) in a first operating mode (BM1) with a first intermediate circuit voltage (UZWK, 1) applied to a DC intermediate circuit (31), - checking values of current and/or voltage associated with a DC connection (11, 12) of the inverter (10) for the presence of an indication of an arc (50) in the first operating mode (BM1) of the DC/DC converter (21, 22), wherein, if the values of current and/or voltage indicate an arc (50), the DC/DC converter (21, 22) is operated in a second operating mode (BM2) with a second intermediate circuit voltage (UZWK, 2), which is greater than the first intermediate circuit voltage (UZWK, 1) and which is greater than or equal to the open-circuit voltage (ULL) of the DC source (60), and wherein the following is carried out in the second operating mode (BM2): - deactivating the DC/DC converter (21, 22) connected to the DC connection (11, 12) in the second operating mode (BM2) of the DC/DC converter (21, 22).
H02M 3/156 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
H02M 7/5395 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
The invention relates to an operating method for a system having a battery converter connected between a battery and a subnetwork and having at least one additional power converter connected between energy generation units and/or loads and the subnetwork. An energy supply network can be connected to the subnetwork via a network disconnect switch. The method comprises the following steps: the at least one additional power converter injecting generation power; performing network-following injection of the generation power if the network disconnect switch is closed; and disconnecting the energy supply network from the subnetwork by opening the network disconnect switch. Subsequently in the method, the battery converter performs network-forming injection of battery power into the subnetwork, the injected battery power comprising active power and/or reactive power, and the at least one additional power converter performs network-forming injection of the generation power, the injected generation power comprising active power and/or reactive power. As soon as voltage and frequency are regulated into predefined value ranges by the network-forming injection after disconnection, network-establishing injection of the battery power and network-following injection of the generation power are performed so that voltage and frequency within the subnetwork are kept in the predefined value ranges.
The invention shows a bracket for wall-mounting at least one module, preferably a battery module or a battery management module, having at least two connecting structures configured to insert and hold at least one module by means of a module-side connecting element. The at least two connecting structures are configured for guided movement between three respective positions. The three positions are a receiving position in which the module-side connecting element can be inserted through the connecting structure, an operating position configured to hold a module in a position enabling operation of the module, and a maintenance position configured to hold a module in a position. The receiving position is arranged between the operating position and the maintenance position, and the bracket further has latching structures corresponding to the upper of the operating position and the maintenance position and configured for use with a latching means.
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/244 - Secondary casingsRacksSuspension devicesCarrying devicesHolders characterised by their mounting method
H01M 50/262 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders with fastening means, e.g. locks
A method for operating an electrolysis device, having a converter which is connected on an AC voltage side to an AC voltage grid via a decoupling inductance and draws an AC active power from the AC voltage grid, and an electrolyzer, which is connected to the converter on the DC voltage side, is provided. The method includes operating the electrolysis device, when a grid frequency corresponds to a nominal frequency of the ACT voltage grid and is substantially constant over a time period, with an electrical power which is between 50% and 100% of a nominal power of the electrolyzer, and operating the converter in a voltage-impressing manner, such that an AC active power drawn from the AC voltage grid is changed on the basis of a change and/or a rate of change of the grid frequency in the AC voltage grid.
The application relates to a method and a device (10) for adjusting the potential level of a first and a second DC conductor (DC+, DC-). The DC conductors (DC+, DC-) are provided to supply an electrolyser (14) with electrical power and the electrical power is transmissible via a rectifier (20) from an AC grid (12) to the DC conductor (DC+, DC-). In a first operating mode the potential level of the first and second DC conductors (DC+, DC-) is adjusted such that both DC conductors (DC+, DC-) have the same polarity relative to earth potential (GND). The application further relates to a DC grid (30) having an electrolyser (14), such a device (10) and the first and second DC conductors (DC+, DC-).
The invention relates to a plate (10) having at least one soldering surface (16), wherein: the plate (10) is provided to be equipped with a power semiconductor (24); for equipping, the soldering surface (16) is bonded to the power semiconductor (24) by a soldering process; a main body (12) of the plate (10) has at least one plate material having a high thermal conductivity and/or a high electrical dielectric strength; and the plate (10) is designed to have a heat-dissipating and/or electromagnetically shielding effect with respect to the power semiconductor (24). The invention also relates to a power semiconductor arrangement (40) having such a plate (10), to a method for producing a power semiconductor arrangement (40), and to an inverter having a power semiconductor arrangement (40).
H01L 23/552 - Protection against radiation, e.g. light
H01L 25/07 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid-state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in a single subclass of subclasses , , , , or , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in subclass
H05K 1/18 - Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
H05K 3/00 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
The application discloses a power converter (30) having three or more converter modules (10a, 10b) each comprising: - a housing (16), - a converter circuit (12a-12d) having at least one semiconductor switch (14a-14d) controlled in a clocked manner, - a power terminal (22a-22d) for receiving and/or delivering an electrical power, - a DC link terminal (18a-18d), and a capacitance (20a-20d) connected to the DC link terminal (18a-18d). The three or more converter modules (10a-10d) are each connected by way of their DC link terminal (18a-18d) to a joint DC bus (19). The power converter (30) is characterized in that it comprises multiple two-party pairs of converter modules (10a-10d), in each of which pairs at least one decoupling inductance (40a-40e) is arranged in a current path (50), passing via the DC bus (19), between the capacitance (20a) of a first converter module (10a) associated with the respective two-party pair and the capacitance (20b) of the second converter module (10b) associated with the respective two-party pair. The application furthermore relates to a device having multiple power converters (30) connected in parallel with one another to an energy source and/or an energy sink.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
The disclosure relates to a control method for operating an inverter in an energy grid that is connected to an energy supply grid via a controllable disconnecting switch. The method includes operating the inverter in a current-impressing mode when the disconnecting switch is closed, and monitoring the power supply network for a voltage drop. When a voltage drop is detected, the inverter operating mode is changed to a voltage-setting mode, wherein a provisional voltage is set by the inverter. After a predetermined period of time has elapsed after detection of the voltage drop, when the voltage drop persists, the disconnecting switch opens and the voltage set by the inverter is increased to the grid normal voltage. After a predefined time period after detection of the voltage drop, when failure of the energy supply grid does not persist, the inverter operates in the current-impressing mode.
H02J 3/14 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02M 7/537 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
19.
POWER CONVERTER, ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM, METHOD FOR OPERATING A POWER CONVERTER, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM
The application relates to a converter (10) for exchanging electrical power between a DC connection (DCA) and an AC connection (ACA), wherein: the DC connection (DCA) is provided for connection to a DC unit (14); the power converter (10) furthermore has a DC link (16), a bridge circuit (20), an AC relay (18) and a control unit (26); the DC link (16) is provided between the DC connection (DCA) and the bridge circuit (20), and the AC relay (18) is provided between the bridge circuit (20) and the AC connection (ACA); the control unit (26) is configured to control power switches of the bridge circuit (20) such that the power converter (10) is operated so as to impress voltage on the AC connection (ACA); and the control unit (26) is also configured to detect a DC voltage (U_DC) at the DC link (16) during the voltage-impressing operation (NB, NF) and to separate the bridge circuit (20) from the AC connection (ACA) by opening the AC relay (18) if the DC voltage (U_DC) lies below a threshold voltage (U_GR). The application also relates to a method for operating a power converter, to an energy supply system, and to a method for operating an energy supply system.
H02M 7/539 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 9/04 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
20.
VOLTAGE SOURCE INVERTER AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM
The disclosure describes a voltage source inverter having an internal control loop with a setpoint input for a setpoint signal for an active power component of the inverter, and an actual value input for a current actual value of the active power component of the inverter. The inner control loop is a controller with a proportional component and an integral component and is configured to determine a frequency shift as a controller output variable from the difference between the setpoint signal and the current actual value. The inverter is configured to provide an AC voltage that deviates from a predefined fundamental frequency by the determined frequency shift. An outer control loop of the inverter is configured to supply a setpoint signal to the setpoint input as a function of the determined frequency shift in islanded operation. A power generation system can comprise two such inverters.
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
21.
DISCHARGING DEVICE FOR ELECTROLYZER, ELECTROLYZER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME
The invention relates to a discharging device for an electrolysis system (2), comprising a control unit (1), two contact elements (DC+, DC-), one contact element being provided for connection to a direct current pole of the electrolysis system (2) and the other contact element being provided for connection to the other direct current pole of the electrolysis system (2), wherein a discharge resistor (R1), a switch (S1) which can be activated by the control unit (1) and a voltage measuring unit (V) which is configured for measuring the voltage between one and the other direct current pole of the electrolysis system (2) are arranged between the two contact elements. The control device (1) is configured to close the switch (S1) in response to a discharge signal as long as the voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit (V) is greater than a first threshold value, and to open the switch (S1) when the measured voltage is less than the first threshold value.
The disclosure relates to a bridge circuit for providing an alternating current at a phase terminal, having first and second direct current terminals for connecting to a direct current source or load. The bridge circuit includes an intermediate circuit, and a bridge with bridge switches. The bridge receives potentials at the direct current terminals and outputs potentials at first and second bridge outputs and a second bridge output which are clocked independently of one another based thereon. First and second connection paths extend between the respective bridge outputs and the phase terminal, wherein each of the connection paths comprises a filter choke. A disconnector with a plurality of relay contacts is arranged between the bridge outputs and the phase terminal. The disclosure relates to an energy conversion system with such a bridge circuit.
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
The invention describes a switching unit (1) for changing between network operation and island operation of a three-phase household network, having a first and a second positively driven relay (R1, R2), each having a control coil (A1, A2) and a number of normally open contacts (R1.1, R2.1, R1.4, R2.4) and a number of normally closed contacts (R1.2, R2.2, R1.3, R2.3). The terminals of the control coil (A2) of the second relay (R2) are connected in parallel with terminals of the control coil (A1) of the first relay (R1) via a first normally open contact (R1.1) of the first relay (R1). The switching unit (1) is provided for input-side connection to one of the phase terminals of a network terminal (4) and for output-side connection to a phase terminal of a household terminal (5). In a quiescent state, the second relay (R2) connects two of the phase terminals between the network terminal (4) and the household terminal (5) and, in a controlled state, connects the phase terminals of the household terminal (5) to one another. The invention also describes a backup system (10) having such a switching unit (1).
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
H01H 9/56 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
H01H 47/00 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
24.
POWER CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR EXCHANGING ELECTRICAL POWER
The application relates to a power converter (10) for exchanging electrical power, with safeguarding against ground faults, between a three-phase AC voltage grid (12) and a battery (14), wherein: the power converter (10) has an AC connection (ACA), a DC connection (DCA), a bridge circuit (16) and a DC-to-DC converter (20); the AC connection (ACA) is provided for connection to the AC voltage grid (12), and the DC connection (DCA) is provided for connection to the battery (14); a DC link (18) is arranged between the DC-to-DC converter (20) and the DC connection (DCA), and a bridge intermediate circuit (22) is arranged between the DC-to-DC converter (20) and the bridge circuit (16); the DC-to-DC converter (20) has clocked semiconductor switches (30.1-30.4, 40.1-40.3, 50.1-50.4, 60.1-60.4, 70.1-70.4) which are configured to produce a voltage transmission ratio between the DC link (18) and the bridge intermediate circuit (22) during the exchange of electrical power; and the DC-to-DC converter (20) has at least one further semiconductor switch (24, 26, 28, 32, 34) which is configured to produce a connection between the DC link (18) and the bridge intermediate circuit (22) during the exchange of electrical power and to break this connection in the event of a ground fault (EF1, EF2, EF3, EF4). The application also relates to methods for exchanging electrical power with safeguarding against ground faults, and to a use of the power converter (10).
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
25.
METHOD FOR STARTING AN ELECTROLYSIS SUPPLY SYSTEM HAVING PARALLEL CONVERTERS AND REDUCED PRE-CHARGING UNIT
The application relates to a method for starting an electrical supply unit (10) which has a first power transformer (22), a second power transformer (24) and a rectifier unit (26) and is intended to supply a DC connection (DCA) with electrical energy from an AC network (12), wherein at least one DC connection unit (14, 15, 16) is connected to the DC connection (DCA) and the AC network (12) is connected to an AC connection (ACA) of the supply unit (10). The method comprises: pre-charging a first DC link of the first power transformer and a second DC link of the second power transformer (22 and 24) via an AC pre-charging circuit (18) from the AC network (12); and constructing an AC island network through the second power transformer (24), wherein the DC connection (DCA) is supplied with electrical energy from the AC island network via the rectifier unit (26) during the construction of the AC island network. The application further relates to an electrical supply unit (10) and to an electrolysis supply system (40).
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 7/12 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/23 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 5/458 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
DC,k∆κΔΔ∆kΔΔ) when setting the individual power flow that flows through the individual converter (20.k). The application also describes a method for operating such a converter (30).
H02M 5/458 - Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 7/23 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
S,DiffSS being exceeded, if the earth fault persists after expiry of the delay time T. The application also describes a method for monitoring fault currents for such a plant.
H02H 3/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
H02H 3/33 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to difference between voltages or between currentsEmergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
H02H 5/12 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to undesired approach to, or touching of, live parts by living beings
H02H 7/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
28.
METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING A DEFINED STATE IN AN ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEM, DISCONNECTING DEVICE, AND POWER CONVERTER
The disclosure relates to a method for establishing a defined state in an electrochemical system connected to an AC/DC converter via a switch disconnector to exchange electric power. At least one DC connection of the electrochemical system is connected to the AC/DC converter via the disconnecting switch. The method includes, in a first operating state, closing a first switch to establish an electric connection between the DC connections of the electrochemical system. The application additionally relates to a disconnecting device, a power converter, and to an assembly.
The invention relates to a converter assembly (1) for transmitting electric power between phases of a three-phase or multi-phase network (4) and a DC bus (5). The converter assembly comprises a DC/AC converter (2) which can be connected to the network (4) via a sine filter (7) and to the DC bus (5) via a split DC-side intermediate circuit, wherein a converter bridge (8) of the DC/AC converter (2) is connected to a central point (M) of the intermediate circuit, and a rectifier (3) which is connected in parallel with the DC/AC converter (2). The DC/AC converter (2) has a controller (10) which is designed to operate the DC/AC converter (2) in an over-modulation mode if the voltage values of the DC bus (5) are less than double the amplitude of one of the phase voltages of the network (4).
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
The disclosure relates to a method for increasing the lifetime of converter switches in a system having an energy source connected to a DC bus and a DC-to-DC converter having the converter switches. The method includes determining a system state in which electrical power of the energy source is available for which no transmission via the DC-to-DC converter and no output to further participants of the DC bus is provided, and operating the DC-to-DC converter during the determined system state such that power dissipation is generated in the DC-to-DC converter without power being transmitted via the DC-to-DC converter. A system having an energy source and a DC-to-DC converter having the converter switches is disclosed, as well as an energy-generating system having such a system.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02J 3/32 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
31.
SUPPLY UNIT FOR A DC LOAD, METHOD FOR OPERATING SAME, AND ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
The invention relates to a supply unit (20) for a DC load (50). The supply unit (20) comprises: - a DC terminal (21) for connecting to the DC load (50), - a first AC terminal (22) which is connected to a DC bus (26) via a first AC/DC converter (24), - a second AC terminal (23) which is designed for connecting to a second AC voltage (U2) and which is connected to the DC terminal (21) via a second AC/DC converter (25), - an energy storage device (29) which is connected to the DC bus (26) via a first DC/DC converter (27), - a second DC/DC converter (28) which connects the DC bus (26) to the DC terminal (21) and which can be operated so as to provide the current with respect to the DC terminal (21), and - a control unit (30) for controlling the supply unit (20). The supply unit is characterized in that - the first DC/DC converter (27) is designed in the form of a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the control unit (30) is designed to operate the first DC/DC converter (27) so as to provide the voltage with respect to the DC bus (26), and - the first AC/DC converter (24) is designed in the form of a bidirectional AC/DC converter, and the control unit (30) is designed to operate the first AC/DC converter (24) so as to provide the voltage with respect to the first AC terminal (22). The invention additionally relates to an operating and starting method and to an electrolysis system comprising such a supply unit (20).
A housing of an electrical device for converting electrical power has a main body with a rear wall, side walls and a cover. The cover and body define a an interior space. Components of the electrical device are arranged in the interior space. The cover is connected to the body by a cover closure that includes a fastening structure and a closure housing. The fastening structure is retained in the closure housing, which is fastened to the cover. The body includes a pin that extends from the rear wall of the housing to the cover. A connection between the cover and pin is releasable by turning the fastening structure using a guide peg of the pin and a helically encircling guide groove of the fastening structure.
The application relates to a method for operating an inverter (10), wherein the inverter (10) has an H4 bridge circuit having a first half-bridge (20) and a second half-bridge (22) for converting an input-side direct voltage into an output-side alternating voltage and is configured for supplying an electric power of a direct voltage source with varying potential relation to an earth potential (30), in particular of a photovoltaic generator (12) with a leakage capacitance (18) with respect to the earth potential (30), to an alternating current grid (14). The method comprises: - unipolar pulse-width modulated clocking for each of the two half bridges (20, 22) for half-wave-wise generation of substantially sinusoidal half-bridge voltages, - modifying the clocking of the half-bridges (20, 22) in a transition region (B) around a zero crossing of the output-side alternating voltage to damp a leakage current (IA) which flows through the leakage capacitance (18) towards earth. The application also relates to an inverter (10) and to a computer program product.
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
H02M 7/539 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching,
transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling
electricity; apparatus and instruments for the measurement
and analysis of electricity; inverters [electricity];
software; mobile apps; electricity indicators; electric
apparatus for data processing; databases, for use in the
energy sector. Billing services, for use in the energy industry; energy
price comparison services; tracking and monitoring energy
consumption for others for account auditing purposes;
cost/yield analyses in the energy sector. Installation services, in relation apparatus and
installations in the energy sector; maintenance services in
relation to apparatus and installations in the energy
sector; repair services in relation to apparatus and
installations in the energy sector; assembly, in relation to
apparatus and installations in the energy sector; cleaning
services, in relation to the energy sector. Development and programming services, of software, apps and
databases in the energy sector; installation, maintaining
and maintenance of software and apps in the energy sector;
website hosting services in the energy sector; software as a
service [SaaS] relating to the energy industry/sector;
rental of software and apps in the energy sector; monitoring
of energy systems by remote access; technological
consultancy relating to the energy industry/sector;
consultancy in the field of energy-saving, energy use and
energy efficiency.
35.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A SUPPLY UNIT OF AN ELECTROLYZER, SUPPLY UNIT, AND ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
IsoIsoTH,1IsoTH,1TH,1) in a state in which the power converter (25) of the supply unit (20) is electrically disconnected from the electrolyzer (10). The invention also relates to a supply unit (20) for electrically supplying an electrolyzer (10) and to an electrolysis system (100).
H02H 11/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
H02H 3/40 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to ratio of voltage and current
H02H 3/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
H02H 3/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection Details with automatic reconnection
36.
ENERGY SUPPLY DEVICE FOR AN ELECTROLYSIS UNIT AND ELECTROLYSIS INSTALLATION
The disclosure describes an energy supply device for an electrolysis unit and an electrolysis installation comprising the energy supply device and an electrolysis unit connected thereto.
H02M 7/23 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
C25B 9/65 - Means for supplying currentElectrode connectionsElectric inter-cell connections
H02M 7/00 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching,
converting, storing, regulating and controlling electricity;
apparatus and instruments for measuring and analysing
electricity; inverters; converter; downloadable and recorded
software; mobile apps; electrical indicators; electrical
data processing apparatus; all goods not for energy
consumption in consumer electronics.
38.
TRANSMISSION UNIT AND METHOD FOR COUPLING AN ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION SIGNAL INTO A DC VOLTAGE LINE
The application relates to a transmission unit (10) for coupling a transmission signal into a DC voltage line (26.1, 26.2) with two output terminals (20) between which the transmission signal is applied and which are provided for connecting to a coupling means (21) in the DC voltage line (26.1, 26.2), wherein the transmission unit (10) comprises an amplifier circuit (12) with a clocked amplifier and the amplitude of the transmission signal is proportional to a supply voltage (Vcc) of the clocked amplifier. The transmission unit (10) comprises a compensation circuit (14) which is configured to measure the amplitude of the transmission signal via a differential voltage measurement at the output terminals (20) and to adjust the supply voltage (Vcc) of the clocked amplifier on the basis of the amplitude of the transmission signal. The application also relates to a photovoltaic inverter (30) having a transmission unit (10) and to a method for coupling a transmission signal into a DC voltage line (26.1, 26.2).
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity for electrical current flow in the energy production, energy managing and energy consumption field; apparatus and instruments for the measurement and analysis of electricity, namely, electric devices for measuring electric current flow and electric devices for analyzing electric current flow; inverters; recorded and downloadable software for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling energy production, energy needs and energy consumption for use in the energy production, energy managing and energy consumption field; downloadable mobile applications for use in the energy production, energy managing and energy consumption field; electrical indicators for use in the energy sector for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling electrical current flow; electronic data processing apparatus for use in the energy sector; downloadable databases for use in the energy production, energy managing and energy consumption field. Billing services for use in the energy industry; energy price comparison services; tracking and monitoring energy consumption for others for account auditing purposes; cost/yield analyses in the energy sector. Installation, maintenance and repair of installations for energy production, energy managing and energy consumption; assembly services relating to installations for energy production, energy managing and energy consumption; cleaning services of installations for energy production and energy managing. Development and programming services, of software, software applications and databases in the energy sector, all for others; installation, maintaining and maintenance of software and software applications in the energy sector; website hosting services in the energy sector; software as a service [SaaS] featuring software for use with installations for energy production, energy managing and energy consumption; rental of software and computer application software for use with installations for energy production, energy managing and energy consumption; monitoring of energy systems by remote access to ensure proper functioning; technological consulting services for installations for energy production, energy managing and energy consumption; consultancy in the field of energy saving, energy use and energy efficiency.
40.
METHOD FOR OPERATING AN ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM, ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM HAVING A PLURALITY OF INVERTERS AND INVERTER
INV,XPOIINV,XSPT,INV,XSPT,POIPOISPT,INV,XINV,XSPT,INV,XSPT,INV,X). The controllers (50.X) of the inverters (10.X) are laid out to form the mains, and the inverters (10.X) provide individually adjustable instantaneous reserve power.
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 3/48 - Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
41.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN OPERATING PARAMETER OF A PV INSTALLATION, PV INSTALLATION HAVING AN INVERTER AND INVERTER FOR SUCH A PV INSTALLATION
A method and associated system for determining an operating parameter of a PV installation having a plurality of PV modules is disclosed. The PV modules each include a shutdown apparatus connected to a transmission apparatus of the PV installation and has a feed-in operation and a shutdown operation. At least one PV module is equipped with a power-optimizing device which is configured to set an operating point of the PV module in an optimizing operation. The method includes determining a first total electrical power of the PV modules in a non-optimizing operation and in the feed-in operation of the shutdown apparatuses, and determining a second total electrical power of the PV modules in the optimizing operation and in the feed-in operation of the shutdown apparatuses. The method includes determining the operating parameter using a difference between the determined first and second total electrical powers.
The application describes an energy production plant with a power converter unit (20) for connection to a PV generator, wherein the PV generator comprises a plurality of PV main strings (PVn) which are connected in parallel and are each connected to the power converter unit (20) of the PV energy production plant via two DC input lines on the input side via a DC intermediate circuit (7), wherein the DC intermediate circuit (7) of the power converter unit (20) is electrically insulated. A monitoring unit (21.n) comprising a differential current measuring device (8.n), an isolating switch (9.n) and a controller (17.n) is assigned to each pair of DC input lines assigned to a PV main string (PVn). The controller (17.n) of the monitoring unit (21.n) is configured to switch the isolating switch (9.n) and to isolate the PV main string (PVn) after a fault has been identified by virtue of a differential current threshold value being exceeded. At least a defined discharge capacitance (31, 32) to earth is arranged, as a feedback path (35) for an earth current measurement by the differential current measuring device (8.n), at at least one pole of the DC intermediate circuit (7).
H02J 3/00 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
H02H 3/16 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
H02H 7/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
G01R 31/52 - Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
H02H 3/33 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to difference between voltages or between currentsEmergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
43.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A HALF-BRIDGE, DRIVER CIRCUIT, AND POWER CONVERTER COMPRISING THE DRIVER CIRCUIT
GSGGSGS at the deactivated semiconductor switch (110, 120) counteracts a voltage peak (221) which is produced by a switching process of the respective other semiconductor switch (120, 110) of the half-bridge (100) and which occurs on the basis of the switching process of the respective other semiconductor switch (120, 110). The invention additionally relates to a driver circuit (1) which is designed to carry out the method step and to a power converter comprising such a driver circuit (1).
A method for constructing a decentralised data communication structure within a system having a plurality of components (K), wherein each component contains a private key (PrK), an associated public key (PuK), a secret secured against read-out (SCR), and certificate information (CU) that is unsigned in the initial state and contains the public key (PuK), comprises the steps of: - establishing a registering component (rK) of the plurality of components (K), wherein the establishment comprises storing a list of validation entries, - constructing a tamper-proof channel between the registering component (rK) and a first component (K1) of the other components (aK), and - authenticating the first component (K1) at the registering component (rK) and authenticating the first component (K1) by means of the list of validation entries via the tamper-proof channel. The authentication comprises signing the unsigned certificate information (CU) of the first component (K1) by the registering component (rK) via the tamper-proof channel. A system, in particular an energy generation plant, having a plurality of components (K) is designed to carry out the method.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
45.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A BATTERY CONVERTER, BATTERY CONVERTER AND SYSTEM
A method for operating a battery converter in a system includes controlling an exchange power of the battery converter using a battery, which is connected to the battery converter, depending on a voltage of the intermediate circuit in accordance with a converter characteristic curve, identifying a decrease in the intermediate circuit voltage below a rectifying value of the permissible AC voltage of the grid connected to the inverter, and when the decrease is identified, temporarily shifting the converter characteristic curve so that a maximum discharging power of the battery converter is reached at a value of the intermediate circuit voltage that is above or at the rectifying value. A battery converter and a system having such a battery converter are also described.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, converting, storing, regulating and controlling electricity for electrical current flow in the energy production, energy managing and energy consumption field; apparatus and instruments for measuring and analyzing electricity, namely, electric devices for measuring electric current flow and electric devices for analyzing electric current flow; inverters; electric power converters; current converters; recorded and downloadable software for the energy sector for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; recorded and downloadable mobile applications being software for the energy sector for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; electrical indicators being electricity indicators; electrical data processing apparatus; all the aforementioned goods not for energy consumption in consumer electronics
47.
CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A DC SUPPLY NETWORK
The invention relates to a method for operating a DC supply network (50) which is connected to an AC supply network (10) via an active AC/DC converter (20) and a star-point-grounded transformer (12), wherein at least one disconnecting element (11) is arranged between the AC supply network (10) and the transformer (12) and wherein at least one device for supplying direct current independently of the AC supply network (10) is provided in the DC supply network. The method is characterized by the following steps: - stopping the conversion of alternating current to direct current by the converter (20); - disconnecting the transformer (12) from the AC supply network (10); - supplying power to the DC supply network (50) by way of the at least one device for supplying direct current; - operating the converter (20) to convert direct current to alternating current and applying AC voltage to at least two secondary windings of the transformer (12). The invention further relates to a converter (20) for converting alternating current to direct current.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Software for energy management; software for monitoring,
controlling and optimising energy generation installations;
mobile apps for energy management; mobile apps for
monitoring, controlling and optimising energy generation
installations. Telecommunications services in the field of energy
management and for energy generation installations;
providing access to databases in the field of energy
management and for energy generation installations;
provision of internet chat rooms in the field of energy
management and for energy generation installations;
provision of access to non-downloadable computer software
via the internet for energy management and for energy
generation installations; providing access to online
platforms, online forums and online databases in the field
of energy management and for energy generation
installations; providing access to virtual computer systems
on the internet through cloud computing in the area of
energy management and for energy generation installations;
consulting and information in relation to all the
above-mentioned services if included in this class. Cloud hosting services in the field of energy management and
for energy generation installations; cloud storage services
in the field of energy management and for energy generation
installations; cloud computing in the field of energy
management and for energy generation installations; Platform
as a Service [PaaS] in the field of energy management and
for energy generation installations; development, design,
hosting, implementation, installation, rental, maintenance
and updates of software, apps [software] and digital
algorithms [software] in the field of energy management and
for energy generation installations; development, design,
hosting, implementation, installation, rental, maintenance
and updates of online platforms [software], online forums
[software] and online databases [software] in the field of
energy management and for energy generation installations;
consulting and information in relation to all the
above-mentioned services if included in this class.
The invention relates to a system (10) for electrical power conversion and a method for commissioning the system (10) for electrical power conversion. The system (10) comprises at least one power converter (16) with an intermediate circuit and a bridge circuit, wherein the system (10) is connected on a DC side (32) to at least one DC unit, in particular to a DC generator (12), and on an AC side (34) to an AC network (14), wherein the at least one power converter (16) can be connected on the DC side to the DC side (32) by means of at least one DC switch (18) and on the AC side to the AC side (34) by means of at least one AC switch (20). The method comprises: a first phase (A) involving the formation of an auxiliary network (36) for supplying power to components of the system (10); a second phase (B) with a temporarily connected AC network (14) without connection to the at least one DC unit; and a third phase (C) with a connected AC network (14) and at least one connected DC unit. The system is designed to carry out the method.
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 7/797 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02J 5/00 - Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
H02M 1/084 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
51.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING ELECTRICAL ENERGY
A device for converting electrical power between a PV generator and an electrolyzer. The device has an inverter arranged between a first side thereof and a transformer, and an active rectifier is arranged between the transformer and a second side of the device, such that an AC side of the active rectifier and an AC side of the inverter are connected to one another via the transformer. The inverter is configured to convert a first DC voltage on the DC side of the inverter into a first AC voltage on the AC side of the inverter and the active rectifier is configured designed to convert a second AC voltage on the AC side of the active rectifier into a second DC voltage on the DC side of the active rectifier. The device has a controller configured to influence a power flow between the first side and the second side of the device from a connected PV generator to a connected electrolyzer by adjusting an AC/DC transformation ratio of the active rectifier between the second AC voltage and the second DC voltage.
The disclosure is directed to an island network detection method using a voltage-impressing converter, and includes determining the frequency and phase of a voltage curve of a sub-network connected to a network connection point of the converter, and generating a voltage curve using a bridge circuit of the converter with the determined frequency. The method also includes determining a correlation between a first temporal variation and a second temporal variation of an output exchanged by the converter with the sub-network, and detecting an island network if the determined correlation undershoots a specified correlation measurement.
The invention discloses a method for reducing harmonic power flows via a connection point (AP) at which a sub-network (10) is connected to a higher-level AC supply network (12) and via which a network current (I_Netz) flows between the sub-network (10) and the higher-level AC supply network (12). The sub-network (10) has at least one load (14) which draws, from the sub-network (10), an electrical load current (I_Last) which comprises an active power current (I_d) at a network frequency (f0) and a harmonic distortion current at one or more integer multiples of the network frequency (f0). The sub-network (10) also has a power converter (16, 16.N) which, by means of a bridge circuit, exchanges electrical power between a capacitor (18, 18.N) connected on its DC side and the sub-network (10) connected on its AC side. Firstly, in the method, a network voltage (Uac) of the sub-network (10) is detected. Subsequently, a compensation voltage and/or a compensation current (Komp) is determined using the network voltage (Uac), wherein the compensation voltage and/or the compensation current (Komp) is intended to be produced by means of the power converter (16, 16.N) and is suitable for reducing the harmonic distortion current at at least one multiple of the network frequency (f0) in the network current (I_Netz). The method also discloses producing the compensation voltage and/or the compensation current (Komp) by means of the power converter (16, 16.N) by suitable clocking of the bridge circuit between the DC-side capacitor (18, 18.N) and the sub-network (10).
36 - Financial, insurance and real estate services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
41 - Education, entertainment, sporting and cultural services
Goods & Services
Marketing services for tradesmen in the field of renewable energies; collection of market research and commercial information for the energy sector; sales promotion in the energy sector; arranging of contractual services with third parties in the energy sector; advisory services relating to arranging of commercial transactions in the energy sector; provision of online business and commercial information in the energy sector; compilation and provision of trade and business price information in the energy sector; assistance and consultancy services in the field of business management of companies in the energy sector; business organizational and business consultancy relating to the design and provision of solution packages in the field of energy management; incentive award programs to promote the sale of products and services of others Extended warranty services, namely, service contracts; providing extended warranties on inverters Maintenance of energy generation devices for use in the field of energy; repair of energy generation devices for use in the field of energy; providing information concerning the installation, repair and maintenance of solar, photovoltaic and energy supply installations Providing of training in the field of installation of products for energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; organization of training programs in the field of installation of products for energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; provision of training courses and seminars in the field of installation of products for energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; providing and organizing training courses, workshops and seminars in the field of installation of products for energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector
55.
SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS METHOD IN AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The present disclosure includes a system diagnosis method in an energy management system for electrical energy and at least one additional form of energy. The method includes acquiring actual values of one or more operating parameters; comparing the actual values with target values of the operating parameters in order to obtain a deviation; determining whether the deviation of the actual values of the operating parameters from the target values of the operating parameters exceeds a deviation threshold value; determining existence of a malfunction and where it is occurring when the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold value; assigning the malfunction to predefined malfunction groups based on the deviation; and producing a notification signal.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the networkCircuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
The disclosure relates to a housing of an electrical device for converting electrical power, including a main body and a cover. The cover closes the main body to define a self-contained interior space, wherein electrical and electronic components of the electrical device are arranged in the interior space of the housing. The cover is connected to the main body via a detachable securing structure, which may be arranged in the geometrical center of the cover. An electrical device has a housing of this type.
The application discloses a filter-choke to be used in an EMI filter that includes a closed magnetic core having two core-legs, wherein the magnetic core is configured to be assembled out of at least two core-segments, at least two bobbins, each bobbin having a base flange and a tubular section extending in perpendicular direction from the base flange, wherein the tubular section has an opening for receiving one of the two core-legs, and a coil formed by an electric conductor having multiple windings arranged around the tubular section of each bobbin.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Recorded and downloadable software for the energy sector for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector; recorded and downloadable mobile applications being software for the energy sector for monitoring, regulating, optimizing and controlling energy production, energy needs and energy consumption in the energy sector.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching,
converting, storing, regulating and controlling electricity;
apparatus and instruments for measuring and analysing
electricity; inverters; software; mobile apps; electricity
indicators; electrical data processing devices; databases in
the energy sector; all goods not for energy consumption in
consumer electronics. Billing services in the energy sector; energy price
comparison services; tracking and monitoring energy
consumption for others for account auditing purposes;
preparation of cost/income analyses in the energy sector. Installation services for devices and systems in the energy
sector; maintenance work on devices and systems in the
energy sector; repair work on devices and systems in the
energy sector; assembly work on devices and systems in the
energy sector; cleaning services in the energy sector. Development and programming of software, apps and databases
in the energy sector; installation, maintenance and
servicing of software and apps in the energy sector; hosting
services in the energy sector; software as a service (SaaS)
in the energy sector; rental of software and apps in the
energy sector; remote monitoring of energy systems;
technological consulting in the energy sector; consultancy
services in the field of energy saving, energy use and
energy efficiency.
The application describes a method for operating an electrolyzer and a fuel cell which, in parallel with one another, are connected to a device-side converter connection of a common bidirectional converter, on
H01M 8/0656 - Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by electrochemical means
H02M 3/04 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
H02M 7/44 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
63.
Power-electronic device comprising a transformer unit and method
The disclosure relates to a power electronics device having at least two inverters and a transformer apparatus having a core arrangement, at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding that wind around the core arrangement at least in sections.
The invention relates to a power converter housing (1) with a pressure-relief device, comprising a housing body (10) with an interior and comprising a housing cover (20). The housing cover (20) is mounted on the housing body (10) such that the housing cover closes the housing body (10) in a dustproof or sprayproof manner and such that the housing cover is raised from the housing body (10) in the event of an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure so that a pressure equalization gap (50) is produced. A protective element (30; 32; 34, 12) is attached to the housing cover (20) such that in the event of an overpressure relative to the ambient pressure in the power converter housing (1), the protective element (30; 32; 34, 12) covers the pressure equalization gap. The invention also relates to a power converter comprising a power converter housing according to one of the previous claims.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling electricity; Apparatus and instruments for the measurement and analysis of electricity; Inverters [electricity]; Software; Mobile apps; Electricity indicators; Electric apparatus for data processing; Databases, for use in the following fields: Energy sector. Billing services, for use in the following fields: And energy industry; Energy price comparison services; Tracking and monitoring energy consumption for others for account auditing purposes; Cost/yield analyses in the energy sector. Installation services, in relation to the following goods: Apparatus and installations in the energy sector; Maintenance services in relation to the following goods: Apparatus and installations in the energy sector, Repair services in relation to the following goods: Apparatus and installations in the energy sector; Assembly, in relation to the following fields: Apparatus and installations in the energy sector; Cleaning services, in relation to the following fields: energy sector. Development and programming services, in relation to the following goods: Software, apps and databases in the energy sector; The installation, maintaining and the maintenance, in relation to the following goods: Software and apps in the energy sector; Hosting of computer sites (websites), Relating to the following sectors: And energy industry; Software as a service [SaaS], Relating to the following sectors: And energy industry; letting, in relation to the following goods: Software and apps in the energy sector; Monitoring of energy systems by remote access; Technological consultancy, Relating to the following sectors: And energy industry; Consultancy in the field of energy-saving, energy use and energy efficiency.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
35 - Advertising and business services
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, converting, storing, regulating and controlling electricity; apparatus and instruments for measuring and analysing electricity; inverters; downloadable and recorded software for monitoring, regulating, managing, controlling and optimizing the operations of use of power generation and storage equipment for use in the energy sector; downloadable and recorded software for monitoring grid voltage; downloadable mobile applications for monitoring, regulating, managing, controlling and optimizing the operations of use of power generation and storage equipment for use in the energy sector; downloadable mobile applications for monitoring grid voltage; electricity indicators; electrical data processing devices; downloadable databases in the in the field of power generation and storage and grid voltage in the energy sector; all goods not for energy consumption in consumer electronics. Billing services in the energy sector; energy price comparison services; tracking and monitoring energy consumption for others for account auditing purposes; business consultancy services in the fields of preparation of cost and income analyses in the energy sector. Installation services for power generation and storage devices and systems in the energy sector; maintenance services for power generation and storage devices and systems in the energy sector; repair services for power generation and storage devices and systems in the energy sector; assembly services relating to the installation of power generation and storage devices and systems in the energy sector; cleaning services for power generation and storage devices and systems in the energy sector. Development and programming of software, applications and databases in the energy sector; installation, maintenance, repair and updating of software and software applications in the energy sector; hosting services in the energy sector, namely, hosting of digital content on the internet in the energy sector; software as a service (SaaS) featuring software for monitoring, regulating, controlling, managing, and optimizing the operations of use of power generation and storage equipment in the energy sector; software as a service (SaaS) featuring software for monitoring grid voltage in the energy sector; rental of software and software applications for monitoring, controlling, regulating, managing, and optimizing the operations of use of power generation and storage equipment in the energy sector; rental of software and software applications for monitoring grid voltage in the energy sector; remote monitoring of the functioning and use of energy systems, namely, power generation and storage devices and systems; technological consulting in the energy sector; technological planning and consulting services in the field of renewable energy resources.
67.
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR INSULATION MEASUREMENT ON A BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE
The application relates to an electrical circuit arrangement (10) and to a method for insulation measurement on a battery electric vehicle (EV). The circuit arrangement can be connected to a high-voltage battery (20) of the vehicle (EV) by means of EV terminals (26, 28). The circuit arrangement (10) comprises an electrical power converter (18) with AC terminals for connecting to an alternative-voltage electrical grid (G) and with DC terminals (22, 24). A first DC terminal (22) can be connected to a first EV terminal (26) by means of a first DC switch (SW1) and a second DC terminal (24) can be connected to a second EV terminal (28) by means of a second DC switch (SW2) or by means of a parallel circuit composed of the second DC switch (SW2) and a third DC switch (SW3). The circuit arrangement (10) is designed and configured to do the following when there is a connection between the power converter (18) and the alternating-voltage grid (G): to connect one of the DC terminals (22, 24) to the corresponding EV terminal (26, 28) by closing one of the DC switches (SW1, SW2, SW3), to set a DC voltage (UDC.22, UDC.24) at the DC terminals (22, 24) by cycling the power converter (18), and to perform the insulation measurement on the connected vehicle (EV).
B60L 3/00 - Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposesMonitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
B60L 53/10 - Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehiclesCharging stations or on-board charging equipment thereforExchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
An electrolysis system includes an electrolyzer and a conversion device for power supply of the electrolyzer out of a grid is disclosed. The electrolyzer includes a plurality of electrolysis cells connected in series to each other. The series connection of electrolysis cells is connected through a positive DC-line and through a negative DC-line to a DC-output of the conversion device. A conscious grounding of the series connection is provided via a grounding line at a connection point of the positive DC-line, at a connection point of the negative DC-line or at a connection point of an intermediate power line between two adjacent electrolysis cells. The electrolysis system has at least one overcurrent protection circuit that is arranged between two adjacent electrolysis cells of the series connection of electrolysis cells and connected in series with an intermediate power line connecting the two adjacent electrolysis cells of the series connection of electrolysis cells, and/or arranged in series with the grounding line between the connection point and ground (PE). If a ground fault is occurring at the series connection of electrolysis cells, one or more of the at least one overcurrent protection circuit is configured to trip and prevents an application of a damaging overcurrent and/or a damaging overvoltage to the electrolysis cells.
The invention relates to a method for operating a power electronics device, said method comprising checking, at the start of operation, whether exactly one activated power class profile is present from a plurality of different power class profiles, and only when exactly one activated power class profile is present, will a start of operation of the device be permitted under the conditions stored in the activated power class profile. In addition, in response to receiving a request for deactivation (11) sent by an authorised person, the activated power class profile is converted (12) into a deactivated power class profile and a deactivation confirmation marked secret and stored on the device is sent (14) to the authorised person, wherein the deactivation confirmation comprises an identification of the device and an identification of the deactivated power class profile. A corresponding power electronics device is likewise disclosed.
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
70.
INVERTER WITH INTERMEDIATE CIRCUIT CENTRE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING INSULATION RESISTANCE BY MEANS OF CONTROLLED ASYMMETRY
The application relates to a method for operating an inverter (10) which is configured to exchange electrical power between a DC side and an AC side. The inverter (10) has a bridge circuit (12) and a divided intermediate circuit (14) with at least two partial capacitances, arranged between the DC side and the bridge circuit (12). The method comprises: - producing a first asymmetry of the partial capacitances relative to one another for generating a first potential position of DC potentials of the partial capacitances of the intermediate circuit (14) relative to ground potential, - setting the first potential position of the DC potentials of the partial capacitances of the intermediate circuit (14) to a first setpoint value by varying the asymmetry, the first setpoint value being constant for a first period of time or modulated at a frequency which is at least 100 times lower than an AC frequency of the exchange power. The application also relates to the use of the method and to an inverter.
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
The disclosure is a method for operating an inverter with a DC input and an AC output. The DC input is connected to a DC source, bridge branches of a bridge circuit are connected to the AC output via power chokes, and the AC output is connected to an AC grid via isolating switches. The method includes opening the isolating switches, and controlling semiconductor switches of at least two bridge branches of the bridge circuit that are connected downstream of at least one power choke at the AC side, such that a DC source connected to the DC input is loaded. The sum of the currents flowing out of at least one of the at least two bridge branches on the AC side corresponds to the sum of the currents flowing into at least one other bridge branch of the at least two bridge branches on the AC side.
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
72.
Method for operating an energy supply system, device for exchanging electrical power in an energy supply system, and energy supply system
The disclosure relates to a method for operating an energy supply system, wherein a first and a second DC unit exchange power with an AC bus using a first and a second power converter. With transmission using a transformer, this power is combined and converted using a third power converter into a DC grid power of a DC grid and/or vice versa.
A method for acquiring a characteristic curve of a PV generator is disclosed. In a power generation installation, an output side of each PV generator is connected via an assigned DC-DC converter, in parallel to a DC link as the input element of a DC-AC converter. The method includes reducing a cumulative output power of those DC-DC converters for which the associated PV generators are not intended for acquiring the characteristic curve during the acquisition of the characteristic curve of the PV generator to be scanned to ensure that the sum of the reduced cumulative output power and of the expected maximum power of the PV generator to be scanned does not exceed a nominal power of the DC-AC converter, and subsequently acquiring the characteristic curve of the PV generator to be scanned.
A method for starting an electrolysis system is disclosed. A supply circuit has an AC terminal connected to an AC grid, a DC terminal connected to an electrolyzer, and an AC/DC converter arranged between the AC terminal and the DC terminal. The method includes charging an output capacitor connected to a DC converter terminal of the AC/DC converter, by operating the electrolyzer in a reverse mode, while the AC/DC converter is connected to the electrolyzer and disconnected from the AC grid, connecting the AC/DC converter to the AC grid, reversing the operation of the electrolyzer from the reverse mode to a normal mode as a DC load, to suppress a power flow between the AC grid and the electrolyzer, and operating the electrolyzer in the normal mode with electrical power drawn from the AC grid which is rectified by the AC/DC converter.
C25B 15/06 - Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
75.
Electrolysis device having a converter and method for providing instantaneous reserve power for an AC voltage grid
A method for operating an electrolysis device, having a converter which is connected on an AC voltage side to an AC voltage grid via a decoupling inductance and draws an AC active power from the AC voltage grid, and an electrolyzer, which is connected to the converter on the DC voltage side, is provided. The method includes operating the electrolysis device, when a grid frequency corresponds to a nominal frequency of the ACT voltage grid and is substantially constant over a time period, with an electrical power which is between 50% and 100% of a nominal power of the electrolyzer, and operating the converter in a voltage-impressing manner, such that an AC active power drawn from the AC voltage grid is changed on the basis of a change and/or a rate of change of the grid frequency in the AC voltage grid.
A busbar for measuring a direct and/or alternating current has connection regions and at least one resistance region arranged between the connection regions, and two measuring contacts arranged in the resistance region. The busbar has a geometry in which the measuring contacts are currentless during operation of the busbar. The busbar is formed in one piece. An apparatus for determining current and having such a busbar and a power converter having such an apparatus are also disclosed.
G01R 1/20 - Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instrumentsStructural combinations of such elements with such instruments
G01R 15/14 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
The invention relates to a control method for operating an inverter in a power network that is connected to a power supply network via a controllable disconnecting switch. The method comprises the steps, while the disconnecting switch is closed, of operating the inverter in a current-impressing mode, and constantly monitoring the power supply network for a voltage drop. In the event of a voltage drop in the power supply network being detected, the method causes the operating mode of the inverter to be changed to a voltage-setting mode, wherein a provisional voltage that is reduced relative to the normal network voltage is set by the inverter. After a predefined period of time has elapsed after detection of the voltage drop, if the voltage drop in the power supply network persists, the method comprises opening the disconnecting switch and increasing the voltage set by the inverter to the normal network voltage, and, after a predefined period of time has elapsed after detection of the voltage drop, if the failure of the power supply network does not persist, operating the inverter in the current-impressing mode.
H02J 3/12 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
H02J 3/14 - Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
78.
VOLTAGE-ADJUSTING INVERTER, AND ENERGY-GENERATING PLANT
d, solld, istdd, solld, ist00) by the determined frequency shift. An outer control loop of the inverter is designed to, in an isolated network mode, supply a setpoint value signal to the setpoint value input in accordance with the determined frequency shift. Also provided is an energy-generating plant, which may comprise two such inverters.
H02J 3/46 - Controlling the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
H02J 3/48 - Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
79.
PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WITH SAFETY DEACTIVATION FUNCTION
maxmax of a substring (10) is lower than a specified danger threshold. The shut-off device (12) is designed to separate a substring (10) from the DC wiring strand (13) after receiving a shut-off signal by means of the power semiconductor switch (18). The invention additionally relates to an assembly comprising a shut-off device (12) and a substring (10) and to an energy generating system.
A method for logging a user into a device for a power generation plant, using a service gateway, wherein an access authorization of the user for the device is stored on the service gateway, is disclosed. The method includes authenticating the user on the service gateway, sending a device access request using an access device from the user to the service gateway specifying an identifier of the device for the power generation plant, and comparing a device secret stored on the service gateway with a copy of the device secret generated using the device secret and stored on the device, via an SRP protocol.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communicationsNetwork security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
81.
PLATFORM FOR SPACE-SAVING CONFIGURATION OF AN ENERGY CONVERSION INSTALLATION, AND ENERGY CONVERSION INSTALLATION
The disclosure relates to a platform stack for the space-saving configuration of an energy conversion installation, comprising at least two platforms stacked one over another to form the platform stack, wherein each of the platform is configured to position a skid with a respective converter unit of the energy conversion installation such that they are stacked one on top of the other on via the two platforms. The platforms each include a frame structure having a storage surface for the skid, and have alignment elements on a first side and support posts on a second side of the frame structure, opposite the first side.
The invention relates to a method for reducing a current circuit in inverters (WR1, WR2,... WRn) which are connected together in parallel on the DC side and on the AC side and each of which comprises a divided intermediate circuit. The method has the following steps for at least one inverter: - measuring a first and a second intermediate circuit voltage (u_Z+, u_Z-) of a first or second half of the divided intermediate circuit of the respective inverter (WR1, WR2,... WRn), - measuring an AC-side differential current (i_di, i_di1, i_di2,... i_din) of the respective inverter (WR1, WR2,... WRn), - ascertaining the duty cycle (DuCy) in order to adjust an AC-side output voltage of the respective inverter (WR1, WR2,... WRn) according to an AC target voltage using the intermediate circuit voltages (u_Z+, u_Z-) and the AC-side differential current (i_di), and - adjusting the AC-side output voltage by actuating semiconductor switches of the respective inverter (WR1, WR2,... WRn) using the duty cycle (DuCy). The invention additionally relates to a device (10) for producing a current circuit, to an inverter (WR1, WR2,... WRn), and to a system comprising a plurality of inverters.
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
The invention relates to a bridge circuit (10) for providing an alternating current at a phase terminal (AC) having a first direct current terminal (DC+) and a second direct current terminal (DC-) for connecting a direct current source or a direct current load, an intermediate circuit (17), and a bridge (11) with bridge switches, which bridge is configured to provide potentials at the direct current terminals (DC+, DC-) at a first bridge output (18a) and a second bridge output (18b) which are clocked independently of one another. A first connection path (15a) and a second connection path extend between the respective bridge outputs (18a) and the phase terminal (AC), wherein each of the connection paths (18a, 18b) has, on the bridge output side, a filter choke (12a, 12b) and the filter chokes (12a, 12b) of the connection paths (15a, 15b) are magnetically coupled to one another. A cut-off relay (13) with a plurality of relay contacts (14) is arranged between the bridge outputs (18a, 18b) and the phase terminal (AC) in such a manner that in each cut-off portion of the connection paths (15a, 15b) at least one of the relay contacts (14) is arranged in each of the connection paths (15a, 15b). Furthermore, the invention relates to an energy conversion system with such a bridge circuit (10).
The invention describes a device (1) for the voltage equalisation of a plurality n of at least two (n≥2) two-terminal networks (P1, P2, P3). The device comprises a current-limiting component (10) with an input (10.1) and an output (10.2), and n connection pairs (A) each having a first connection (A1) and a second connection (A2) for connecting the n two-terminal networks (P1, P2, P3). Two or more of the first connections (A1) are each connected to the input (10.1) via a first switch (S1) or directly. In addition, two or more of the first connections (A1) are each connected to the output (10.2) via a second switch (S2). The second connections (A2) are connected to a common reference potential GND or are connected in a switchable manner. The device (1) is designed to set switching states of the first switch (S1) and of the second switch (S2) by means of a control unit (9) and/or by means of voltages applied to the first connections (A1) in such a manner that the current-limiting component (10) consumes power in its input (10.1) and not in its output (10.2), and the current-limiting component (10) outputs power from its output (10.2) and not its input (10.1). The invention also describes a method for the voltage equalisation of n two-terminal networks (P1, P2, P3) that can be carried out with the device (1), and a DC power distribution system.
The invention relates to a method for operating a power converter comprising a power electronics circuit, which comprises at least one semiconductor switch, wherein an adjustable transmission ratio between voltages and/or currents is generated at connections on a first side of the switch and on a second side of the switch by means of clocked control of the at least one semiconductor switch, wherein the control of the at least one semiconductor switch comprises a control signal with a clock frequency and an adjustable duty factor, wherein the duty factor has a value in a first value range or in a second value range, wherein the first value range comprises two end values and extends between a minimum value greater than zero and a maximum value less than one, and the second value range comprises the values zero and/or one. By means of an auxiliary variable having a third value range between minus one and one, a duty factor for generating the control signals is varied such that a transition from duty factors with values close to zero or close to one to values of zero or one is improved. A power converter with a control device is configured to carry out the method.
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from AC input or output
H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
H02M 7/5395 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
86.
POWER CONVERTER, METHOD FOR OPERATING A POWER CONVERTER, AND SYSTEM COMPRISING A DC ENERGY SOURCE, A DC NETWORK AND A POWER CONVERTER
The invention relates to a power converter (10) for transmitting electrical power, said power converter comprising: a first side for connection to a DC energy source supply (20); and a second side for connection to a DC network (22), the power converter (10) having a DC/DC controller (12) and a first switching device (14). The DC/DC controller (12) is designed to exchange electrical power between the first and the second side, and the first switching device (14) is designed to connect the first side to the second side in a switchable manner via the DC/DC controller (12). The power converter (10) is designed to disconnect the connection via the first switching device (14) if the DC network (22) is intended for exchanging electrical power with an AC supply network (30), and to establish the connection via the first switching device (14) if no exchange of electrical power with the AC supply network (30) is intended for the DC network (22). The power converter (10) has: a third side for connection to the AC supply network (30); a DC/AC converter (16); and a second switching device (18), wherein the DC/AC converter (16) in conjunction with the DC/DC controller (12) is intended to exchange electrical power between the first side and the third side and the second switching device (18) is designed to connect the third side to the first side in a switchable manner via the DC/AC converter (16) and the DC/DC controller (12).
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
The application describes operating an inverter having an AC connection, a DC connection and an inverter bridge therebetween. The operation includes operating the inverter in a first mode in which, at the AC connection, an AC grid is supplied with electrical power via the inverter, and the voltage of the AC grid is controlled via a regulation of the inverter. If an increase in a current at the AC connection exceeds a current limit value: changing to a second mode and operating the inverter, wherein a regulation is adapted such that, via a virtual impedance, it limits the current at the AC connection.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/797 - Conversion of AC power input into DC power outputConversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
88.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING AN INSULATION RESISTANCE OF A DC VOLTAGE SOURCE CONNECTED TO A SPLIT INTERMEDIATE CIRCUIT IN MAINS PARALLEL OPERATION
To measure an insulation resistance of a DC voltage source connected to a split intermediate circuit, a midpoint potential of the DC voltage source is shifted by different operation of two voltage converters by way of which two poles of the DC voltage source are each connected to one of two parts of the split intermediate circuit. A change in a residual current across all lines that carry a current flowing across the intermediate circuit from the DC voltage source, resulting from the shifting of the midpoint potential of the DC voltage source, is measured.
The application describes a transfer circuit or system with a first DC bus for connecting a plurality of battery racks to an inverter bridge for a first power exchange with an AC grid. The transfer circuit or system has a second DC bus which is connected to the first DC bus via a DC/DC converter. The transfer circuit or system is arranged to disconnect at least one battery rack of the plurality of battery racks from the first DC bus and to connect it to the second DC bus for performing an intra-battery equalization process. The application also describes a system with a transfer unit and a method for performing an intra-battery equalization process.
The invention relates to a method for producing a defined state of an electrochemical system (14) which can be connected to an AC/DC converter (12) via a switch disconnector (TS) of a disconnecting device (20) in order to exchange electric power, wherein at least one DC connection (DC+, DC-) of the electrochemical system (14) is connected to the AC/DC converter via the disconnector switch (TS) of the disconnecting device (20). The method has the following step: in a first operating state in which the at least one DC connection (DC+, DC-) is electrically disconnected from the AC/DC converter (12): a) a first switch (S1) of the disconnecting device (20) is closed in order to produce an electric connection between the DC connections (DC+, DC-) of the electrochemical system. The invention additionally relates to a disconnecting device, to a power converter comprising such a disconnecting device, and to an assembly comprising an electrochemical system (14) and such a power cconverter.
H01M 8/04228 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-downDepolarisation or activation, e.g. purgingMeans for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
The invention relates to a method for increasing the service life of converter switches (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) in a system (10) comprising an energy source (PV) which is connected to a DC bus (DC+, DC-) together with a DC-to-DC converter (12) comprising the converter switches (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4). The method comprises the steps of: • establishing a system state in which electrical power of the energy source (PV) is available for which no transmission via the DC-to-DC converter (12) and no output to further participants of the DC bus (DC+, DC-) is provided, and • operating the DC-to-DC converter (12) during the established system state such that power dissipation is generated in the DC-to-DC converter (12) without power being transmitted via the DC-to-DC converter (12). The invention also relates to: a system comprising an energy source (PV) and a DC-to-DC converter having the converter switches (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4); and an energy-generating system comprising such a system.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02S 50/10 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
92.
METHOD FOR PRE-MAGNETIZING A MEDIUM VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER, CONTROL UNIT, AND ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for pre-magnetizing a medium voltage transformer (T1) which is designed to carry out a voltage transformation between a medium voltage of a medium voltage grid (MVG) on a medium voltage side of the medium voltage transformer (T1) and a low voltage on a low-voltage side of the medium voltage transformer (T1) and which is connected to an electrolyzer (10) via a rectifier (12) on the low-voltage side. In a first operating state (BZ1), the medium voltage transformer (T1) is separated from the medium voltage grid (MVG), wherein at least one auxiliary assembly (20) of the electrolyzer (10) is supplied with electric energy via an additional energy supply in the first operating state (BZ1), and in the first operating state, the method has the steps of: A1) connecting the low-voltage side to the additional energy supply and A2) pre-magnetizing the medium voltage transformer (T1) using the additional energy supply. The invention additionally relates to a control unit (Ctrl) and an electrolysis system.
H02M 7/5387 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02J 3/40 - Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02H 9/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
An explosion-proof housing for a power electronics unit includes a housing pan and a cover that closes the housing pan via a seal, wherein the cover and the housing pan are pressed against each other at two opposing sides formed by edge regions of the cover and the housing pan via a plurality of fasteners that are configured to be released by rotation and that engage in latching structures. The plurality of fasteners are arranged in a central third of the respective sides. The explosion-proof housing can be used, for example, for a photovoltaic inverter.
1233 and is connected to the DC voltage output (16) via a second AC/DC converter. The primary side (2P) and the first secondary-side connection (2S1) of the first multi-winding transformer (2) or the primary side (2P) and the secondary side (2S) of the first multi-winding transformer (2) are in this case each free from any on-load tap changer. The invention additionally describes an electrolysis installation (50) having a corresponding energy supply device (10).
A housing of an electrical device for converting electrical power has a main body with a rear wall and side walls and a cover, wherein the cover closes the main body so that a self-contained interior space is created, wherein electrical and electronic components of the electrical device are arranged in the interior space of the housing. The cover is detachably connected to the main body by a cover closure, wherein the cover closure comprises a fastening means (15) and a closure housing (11), wherein the fastening means (15) is rotatably and axially non-displaceably retained in the closure housing (11). The closure housing (15) is fastened to the cover in the geometric centre of the cover. The main body comprises a pin (16) which extends from the rear wall of the housing to the geometric centre of the cover, wherein a connection between the cover and the pin (16) that is releasable by turning the fastening means (15) can be established by means of at least one guide peg (17) of the pin (16) and at least one at least partly helically encircling guide groove (20) of the fastening means (15).
The invention relates to a method for virtually subdividing an electrical energy store (20) in an energy supply system (10). The energy supply system (10) comprises: - a grid connection point (14) for connecting the energy supply system (10) to an external energy supply grid (12), - the electrical energy store (20), and - an internal circuit (22), which is connected to the electrical energy store (20), for connecting electrical loads, energy-generating units (32, 36, 52) and/or further electrical energy stores. The method comprises: - providing a virtual energy store having a capacitance corresponding to the energy store (20), - subdividing the virtual energy store into at least two separate virtual partial stores (42), - providing at least two virtual energy meters (44) which are each assigned to a virtual partial store (42), - receiving at least two target values for a virtual power exchange value for each virtual partial store (42), - adjusting the actual power exchange value of the energy store (20) on the basis of the sum of the at least two target values, - measuring the virtual power exchange values of the virtual partial stores (42) via the virtual energy meters (44) assigned in each case. The invention also relates to a control device (40) for virtually subdividing an electrical energy store (20), and to an energy supply system (10).
The disclosure describes a method for operating an energy supply installation which is connected to an AC supply grid via a transformer, and exchanges electrical power with the AC supply grid via the transformer. The transformer is connected on a first side to the AC supply grid and on a second side to an AC installation grid of the energy supply installation, wherein the energy supply installation has at least one inverter which exchanges electrical power between a DC unit on the DC side of the inverter and the AC installation grid on the AC side of the inverter. The method includes receiving at least one parameter of the power conversion of the at least one inverter by an installation controller, determining a setpoint AC voltage for the AC installation grid by the installation controller according to the parameter, transmitting the setpoint AC voltage to the transformer.
The invention relates to a fire protection device (1) for an energy store. The fire protection device has a housing (2) with at least one fluid-tight outer wall, a storage region (3) and a projection region (4), wherein the storage region (3) contains a fire protection agent, the projection region (4) has a plurality of projections (4a) which are fluidically connected to the storage region (3) and have a casing which is designed such that it melts at a melting temperature and thus allows the fire protection agent to flow out.
A62C 3/16 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
A62C 35/10 - Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
H01M 50/204 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
H01M 50/609 - Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
H01M 50/682 - Containers for storing liquidsDelivery conduits therefor accommodated in battery or cell casings
99.
METHOD AND CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR ACQUIRING A CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF A PV GENERATOR
The invention relates to a method for acquiring a characteristic curve of a PV generator (2) to be scanned from a plurality of PV generators (2) in a power generation system (10), wherein each of the PV generators (2) is connected, on the output side, via an assigned DC/DC converter (12) in parallel or as a series circuit, to a DC link (14) as the input element of a DC/AC converter (20). The method comprises: a) reducing a cumulative output power (KA) of those DC/DC converters (12), for which the associated PV generators (2) are not intended for acquiring the characteristic curve, as a function of a maximum output power (Pscan) of the DC/DC converter (12) connected to the PV generator (2) to be scanned to be expected during the acquisition of the characteristic curve of the PV generator (2) to be scanned, in order to ensure that the sum of the cumulative output power (KA) and the expected maximum power (Pscan) do not exceed a nominal power (PN) of the DC/AC converter (20), b) subsequently acquiring the characteristic curve of the PV generator (2) to be scanned, c) wherein during the acquisition of the characteristic curve, a voltage (UZK) of the DC link (14) or a current of the series circuit of the DC/DC converters (12) is held constant by the DC/AC converter (20). The application also relates to a circuit arrangement for acquiring a characteristic curve of a PV generator (2) to be scanned.
A power converter between an AC side and DC of the power converter is disclosed. The AC side is connected to an AC supply grid and the DC side is connected to a DC grid. The power converter includes a bridge circuit connected to the AC side of the power converter via AC switches and connected to the DC side of the power converter via circuit breakers, wherein a DC link circuit of the power converter is chargeable from the AC supply grid via an AC precharging circuit. The power converter has an insulation monitor to measure the insulation resistance of the DC side when the AC precharging circuit is connected to the DC link circuit. The disclosure also includes a related method.
