A method for producing a solution of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method comprises reacting ammonium hydroxide with sodium bicarbonate. The method avoids the complications of using carbon dioxide and can be carried out using standard equipment. The resulting solution of ammonium carbamate can be used to form a biocide by mixing with a hypochlorite oxidant.
A method for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt is provided. The method focuses on preventing and/or reducing the presence of excess ammonium. The molar ratio of ammonium to hypochlorite is less than 1:1. In a preferred embodiment, the method includes monitoring the conductivity of the biocide to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The optimum ratio is that at which the conductivity has a local maximum.
A01N 25/02 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
A01P 1/00 - DisinfectantsAntimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
A01N 47/12 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N group, or a thio-analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
3.
System and method for monitoring process water treated with a biocide using an oxygen sensor
A system and method for monitoring process water treated with a biocide is provided. The system includes a biocide feeding unit and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The dissolved oxygen sensor works in two modes, a biocide feeding mode and a background mode, and alerts an operator when the dissolved oxygen value indicates a fault in the system. A drop in dissolved oxygen during feeding can indicate faulty production of biocide or biocide degradation, both of which can lead to unwanted disinfection by-products.
C02F 103/02 - Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
C02F 103/28 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
4.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A SOLUTION OF AMMONIUM CARBAMATE
A method for producing a solution of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method comprises reacting ammonium hydroxide with sodium bicarbonate. The method avoids the complications of using carbon dioxide and can be carried out using standard equipment. The resulting solution of ammonium carbamate can be used to form a biocide by mixing with a hypochlorite oxidant.
A method for producing a solution of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method comprises reacting ammonium hydroxide with sodium bicarbonate. The method avoids the complications of using carbon dioxide and can be carried out using standard equipment. The resulting solution of ammonium carbamate can be used to form a biocide by mixing with a hypochlorite oxidant.
A method for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt is provided. The method focuses on preventing and/or reducing the presence of excess ammonium. The molar ratio of ammonium to hypochlorite is less than 1:1. In a preferred embodiment, the method includes monitoring the conductivity of the biocide to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The optimum ratio is that at which the conductivity has a local maximum.
A01N 59/08 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
7.
CONDUCTIVITY-BASED METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BIOCIDE USING AN AMMONIUM SALT AND A HYDROCHLORITE OXIDANT
A method for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt is provided. The method focuses on preventing and/or reducing the presence of excess ammonium. The molar ratio of ammonium to hypochlorite is less than 1:1. In a preferred embodiment, the method includes monitoring the conductivity of the biocide to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The optimum ratio is that at which the conductivity has a local maximum.
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01N 59/08 - Alkali metal chloridesAlkaline earth metal chlorides
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
8.
Method for controlling the production of a biocide
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A system and method for monitoring process water treated with a biocide is provided. The system includes a biocide feeding unit and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The dissolved oxygen sensor works in two modes, a biocide feeding mode and a background mode, and alerts an operator when the dissolved oxygen value indicates a fault in the system. A drop in dissolved oxygen during feeding can indicate faulty production of biocide or biocide degradation, both of which can lead to unwanted disinfection by-products.
A system and method for monitoring process water treated with a biocide is provided. The system includes a biocide feeding unit and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The dissolved oxygen sensor works in two modes, a biocide feeding mode and a background mode, and alerts an operator when the dissolved oxygen value indicates a fault in the system. A drop in dissolved oxygen during feeding can indicate faulty production of biocide or biocide degradation, both of which can lead to unwanted disinfection by-products.
A method for quantifying the amount of ammonium bicarbonate in a solid sample of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method includes measuring the FT-IR spectrum of the sample, calculating the IR band maximum for a first band that is common to ammonium carbamate and ammonium bicarbonate and for a second band that is unique to ammonium carbamate, calculating a ratio of the maximum of the second band to the maximum of the first band, and calculating the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate in the sample from a calibration curve.
G01N 21/3563 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solidsPreparation of samples therefor
G01N 21/49 - Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
G01N 21/35 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
12.
Method for controlling the production of a biocide
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A method for quantifying the amount of ammonium bicarbonate in a solid sample of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method includes measuring the FT-IR spectrum of the sample, calculating the IR band maximum for a first band that is common to ammonium carbamate and ammonium bicarbonate and for a second band that is unique to ammonium carbamate, calculating a ratio of the maximum of the second band to the maximum of the first band, and calculating the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate in the sample from a calibration curve.
G01N 21/3563 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solidsPreparation of samples therefor
G01N 21/49 - Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
G01N 21/27 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection
G01N 21/35 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
14.
Method for controlling the production of a biocide
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A method for quantifying the amount of ammonium bicarbonate in a solid sample of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method includes measuring the FT-IR spectrum of the sample, calculating the IR band maximum for a first band that is common to ammonium carbamate and ammonium bicarbonate and for a second band that is unique to ammonium carbamate, calculating a ratio of the maximum of the second band to the maximum of the first band, and calculating the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate in the sample from a calibration curve.
C01C 1/26 - Carbonates or bicarbonates of ammonium
G01N 21/3563 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solidsPreparation of samples therefor
A method for quantifying the amount of ammonium bicarbonate in a solid sample of ammonium carbamate is provided. The method includes measuring the FT-IR spectrum of the sample, calculating the IR band maximum for a first band that is common to ammonium carbamate and ammonium bicarbonate and for a second band that is unique to ammonium carbamate, calculating a ratio of the maximum of the second band to the maximum of the first band, and calculating the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate in the sample from a calibration curve.
G01N 21/25 - ColourSpectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
G01N 21/35 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
17.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PRODUCTION OF A BIOCIDE
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A01N 25/02 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
A01N 25/22 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01P 1/00 - DisinfectantsAntimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
C02F 1/50 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A01N 25/02 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
B01F 23/40 - Mixing liquids with liquidsEmulsifying
B01F 35/213 - Measuring of the properties of the mixtures, e.g. temperature, density or colour
B01F 35/214 - Measuring characterised by the means for measuring
B01F 35/83 - Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
C02F 1/50 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
19.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PRODUCTION OF A BIOCIDE
A method and apparatus for producing a biocide from a hypochlorite oxidant and an ammonium salt are provided. The method includes monitoring a control parameter to optimize the ratio between the hypochlorite oxidant and the ammonium salt. The control parameter may be oxidation-reduction potential, conductivity, induction or oxygen saturation.
A method for controlling microbial or biofilm growth in a medium includes mixing ammonium carbamate or ammonium sulfamate with an aqueous solution of a hypochlorite oxidant to form a biocide having a pH between 9.0 and 11.5, the molar ratio of the ammonium carbamate or ammonium sulfamate to the hypochlorite being at least 1:1; and then applying the biocide to the medium.
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
C02F 1/68 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01N 41/12 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom not containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, e.g. polysulfides
A01N 47/10 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof
A01N 37/44 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio-analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio-analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
There are provided methods for controlling microbial or biofilm growth, comprising mixing a hypochlorite oxidant and at least one nitrogen-containing compound or salt thereof selected from a particular group of nitrogen-containing compounds and salts to form a biocide, and applying the biocide. Apparatus for practicing the methods are also provided.
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01N 41/12 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom not containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, e.g. polysulfides
A01N 47/10 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof
There are provided methods for controlling microbial or bioflim growth, comprising mixing a hypochlorite oxidant and at least one nitrogen-containing compound or salt thereof selected from a particular group of nitrogen-containing compounds and salts to form a biocide, and applying the biocide. Apparatus for practicing the methods are also provided.
C02F 1/76 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
C02F 1/68 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
A01N 37/12 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group , wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ringThio-analogues thereof
A01N 37/44 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio-analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio-analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
A01N 47/10 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof
A61K 31/27 - Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carbamic or thiocarbamic acids, e.g. meprobamate, carbachol, neostigmine
A61K 31/195 - Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
A01N 25/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of applicationSubstances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
There are provided methods for controlling microbial or biofilm growth, comprising mixing a hypochlorite oxidant and at least one nitrogen-containing compound or salt thereof selected from a particular group of nitrogen- containing compounds and salts to form a biocide, and applying the biocide. Apparatus for practicing the methods are also provided.
A01N 41/02 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
A01N 47/10 - Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—NThio-analogues thereof
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01P 1/00 - DisinfectantsAntimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
patents
