Promimic AB

Sweden

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IPC Class
C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium 7
A61L 27/06 - Titanium or titanium alloys 6
A61L 27/32 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite 6
A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers 6
A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials 6
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NICE Class
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use 4
05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products 4
10 - Medical apparatus and instruments 4
Status
Pending 3
Registered / In Force 16

1.

POROUS HYDROPHILIC COMPOSITES FOR USE IN PROMOTING BONE GROWTH

      
Application Number 18292355
Status Pending
Filing Date 2022-07-29
First Publication Date 2024-11-14
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Vikingsson, Line
  • Fathali, Hoda
  • Simonarson, Gunnar
  • Davidsson, Oscar

Abstract

Porous hydrophilic composites for use in promoting bone growth are disclosed, along with methods for their preparation. The composites comprise a porous biodegradable polymer matrix, and nanosized calcium phosphate (CaP) homogeneously dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. The CaP has a specific surface area in the range of about 180 to about 380 m2/g.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/06 - Titanium or titanium alloys
  • A61L 27/28 - Materials for coating prostheses
  • A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials
  • A61L 27/58 - Materials at least partially resorbable by the body
  • B82Y 5/00 - Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
  • B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium

2.

POROUS HYDROPHILIC COMPOSITES FOR USE IN PROMOTING BONE GROWTH

      
Document Number 03226126
Status Pending
Filing Date 2022-07-29
Open to Public Date 2023-02-02
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Vikingsson, Line
  • Fathali, Hoda
  • Simonarson, Gunnar
  • Davidsson, Oscar

Abstract

Porous hydrophilic composites for use in promoting bone growth are disclosed, along with methods for their preparation. The composites comprise a porous biodegradable polymer matrix, and nanosized calcium phosphate (CaP) homogeneously dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. The CaP has a specific surface area in the range of about 180 to about 380 m2/g.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/06 - Titanium or titanium alloys
  • A61L 27/34 - Macromolecular materials
  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials
  • A61L 31/10 - Macromolecular materials
  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium

3.

POROUS HYDROPHILIC COMPOSITES FOR USE IN PROMOTING BONE GROWTH

      
Application Number EP2022071400
Publication Number 2023/006969
Status In Force
Filing Date 2022-07-29
Publication Date 2023-02-02
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Vikingsson, Line
  • Fathali, Hoda
  • Simonarson, Gunnar
  • Davidsson, Oscar

Abstract

Porous hydrophilic composites for use in promoting bone growth are disclosed, along with methods for their preparation. The composites comprise a porous biodegradable polymer matrix, and nanosized calcium phosphate (CaP) homogeneously dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. The CaP has a specific surface area in the range of about 180 to about 380 m2/g.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/06 - Titanium or titanium alloys
  • A61L 27/34 - Macromolecular materials
  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials
  • A61L 31/02 - Inorganic materials
  • A61L 31/10 - Macromolecular materials
  • A61L 31/12 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
  • A61L 31/14 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium

4.

HANANO SURFACE

      
Serial Number 97424181
Status Registered
Filing Date 2022-05-23
Registration Date 2024-03-05
Owner Promimic AB (publ) (Sweden)
NICE Classes  ?
  • 01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
  • 05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
  • 10 - Medical apparatus and instruments

Goods & Services

Chemicals for use in industry and science; chemical compositions being coatings for medical or pharmaceutical implants Pharmaceutical implants comprising living tissue; biological implants, namely, a vital processed human or animal connective tissue; pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations for the treatment of bone diseases; implants comprising living tissue; surface coatings in the nature of drug delivery agents for pharmaceutical and biological implants that facilitate the delivery of a wide range of pharmaceuticals Artificial organs, dental prostheses and implants; medical implants consisting of artificial materials; biodegradable implants consisting of artificial materials; surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments for use in oral surgery; surface coatings sold as an integral component of artificial organs, dental prostheses and implants; surface coatings sold as an integral component of medical implants comprising artificial material; dental implants

5.

HANANO Surface

      
Application Number 018705931
Status Registered
Filing Date 2022-05-19
Registration Date 2022-10-05
Owner Promimic AB (publ), (Sweden)
NICE Classes  ?
  • 01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
  • 05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
  • 10 - Medical apparatus and instruments

Goods & Services

Chemicals used in industry in the form of coatings of biocompatible materials being components of implants, in particular of surgical, medical, orthopaedic and traumatological implants, dental implants and implants for mechanical stabilisation and fixing; Chemicals for use in industry and science; Chemical compositions being coatings for medical or pharmaceutical implants. Pharmaceutical implants; Biological implants; Pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations; Implants comprising living tissue; Surface coatings for pharmaceutical and biological implants. Artificial organs, prostheses and implants; Medical implants; Biodegradable implants; Surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments; Surface coatings for artificial organs, prostheses and implants; Surface coatings for medical implants; Dental implants.

6.

Zirconium and titanium phosphate coatings for implants and other substrates

      
Application Number 16967047
Grant Number 12268795
Status In Force
Filing Date 2019-02-08
First Publication Date 2021-02-04
Grant Date 2025-04-08
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Currie, Fredrik
  • Handa, Paul
  • Vikingsson, Line

Abstract

This invention is directed to coated substrates, wherein the coating comprises titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate. In certain embodiments the substrate is an implant for use in vivo. The invention is also directed to methods for forming coatings comprising or consisting of titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate on the surface of a substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

7.

ZIRCONIUM AND TITANIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS FOR IMPLANTS AND OTHER SUBSTRATES

      
Document Number 03090035
Status Pending
Filing Date 2019-02-08
Open to Public Date 2019-08-15
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Currie, Fredrik
  • Handa, Paul
  • Vikingsson, Line

Abstract

This invention is directed to coated substrates, wherein the coating comprises titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate. In certain embodiments the substrate is an implant for use in vivo. The invention is also directed to methods for forming coatings comprising or consisting of titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate on the surface of a substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

8.

ZIRCONIUM AND TITANIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS FOR IMPLANTS AND OTHER SUBSTRATES

      
Application Number EP2019053200
Publication Number 2019/155021
Status In Force
Filing Date 2019-02-08
Publication Date 2019-08-15
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Currie, Fredrik
  • Handa, Paul
  • Vikingsson, Line

Abstract

This invention is directed to coated substrates, wherein the coating comprises titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate. In certain embodiments the substrate is an implant for use in vivo. The invention is also directed to methods for forming coatings comprising or consisting of titanium phosphate and/or zirconium phosphate on the surface of a substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/32 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
  • A61L 27/54 - Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
  • A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials

9.

HANANO

      
Serial Number 86946892
Status Registered
Filing Date 2016-03-21
Registration Date 2018-07-24
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
NICE Classes  ?
  • 01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
  • 05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
  • 10 - Medical apparatus and instruments

Goods & Services

Chemicals for use in industry and science; Chemical compositions being coatings for medical or pharmaceutical implants [ Pharmaceutical implants comprising living tissue; Biological implants, namely, a vital processed human or animal connective tissue; Pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations for the treatment of bone diseases; Implants comprising living tissue; Surface coatings in the nature of drug delivery agents for pharmaceutical and biological implants that facilitate the delivery of a wide range of pharmaceuticals ] [ Artificial organs, dental prostheses and implants; Medical implants consisting of artificial materials; Biodegradable implants consisting of artificial materials; Surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments for use in oral surgery; ] Surface coatings sold as an integral component of artificial organs, dental prostheses and implants; Surface coatings sold as an integral component of medical implants comprising artificial material; Dental implants

10.

Production of moldable bone substitute

      
Application Number 14737741
Grant Number 09782435
Status In Force
Filing Date 2015-06-12
First Publication Date 2015-12-10
Grant Date 2017-10-10
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Handa, Paul

Abstract

Composites and methods of producing a mouldable bone substitute are described. A scaffold for bone growth comprises nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioresorbable plasticizer, and a biodegradable polymer. Plasticizers of the invention include oleic acid, tocopherol, eugenol, 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane, monoolein, and octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Polymers of the invention include poly(caprolactone), poly(D,L-Lactic acid), and poly(glycolide-co lactide). Methods of regulating porosity, hardening speed, and shapeability are also described. Composites and methods are described using nanocrystalline HA produced with and without amino acids. The scaffold for bone growth described herein displays increased strength and shapeability.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61K 33/42 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof
  • A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
  • A61L 27/54 - Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
  • A61L 27/28 - Materials for coating prostheses
  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/58 - Materials at least partially resorbable by the body

11.

HAnano

      
Application Number 014605951
Status Registered
Filing Date 2015-09-29
Registration Date 2016-02-01
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
NICE Classes  ?
  • 01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
  • 05 - Pharmaceutical, veterinary and sanitary products
  • 10 - Medical apparatus and instruments

Goods & Services

Chemicals used in industry in the form of coatings of biocompatible materials being components of implants, in particular of surgical, medical, orthopaedic and traumatological implants, dental implants and implants for mechanical stabilisation and fixing; Chemicals for use in industry and science; Chemical compositions being coatings for medical or pharmaceutical implants. Pharmaceutical implants; Biological implants; Pharmaceutical and veterinary preparations; Implants comprising living tissue; Surface coatings for pharmaceutical and biological implants. Artificial organs, prostheses and implants; Medical implants; Biodegradable implants; Surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus and instruments; Surface coatings for artificial organs, prostheses and implants; Surface coatings for medical implants; Dental implants.

12.

Production of moldable bone substitute

      
Application Number 13936585
Grant Number 09066935
Status In Force
Filing Date 2013-07-08
First Publication Date 2013-11-07
Grant Date 2015-06-30
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Handa, Paul

Abstract

Composites and methods of producing a moldable bone substitute are described. A scaffold for bone growth comprises nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioresorbable plasticizer, and a biodegradable polymer. Plasticizers of the invention include oleic acid, tocopherol, eugenol, 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane, monoolein, and octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Polymers of the invention include poly(caprolactone), poly(D,L-Lactic acid), and poly(glycolide-co lactide). Methods of regulating porosity, hardening speed, and shapeability are also described. Composites and methods are described using nanocrystalline HA produced with and without amino acids. The scaffold for bone growth described herein displays increased strength and shapeability.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61F 2/00 - Filters implantable into blood vesselsProstheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the bodyAppliances for connecting them with the bodyDevices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61K 33/42 - PhosphorusCompounds thereof
  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/58 - Materials at least partially resorbable by the body

13.

Production of nanosized calcium phosphate particles as powder or coating via bifunctional precursors

      
Application Number 12744773
Grant Number 09975772
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-11-26
First Publication Date 2011-11-17
Grant Date 2018-05-22
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor Kjellin, Per

Abstract

Method of producing calcium phosphate particles, such as hydroxyapatite particles, in the form of a powder or coating on a solid support comprising an oxide surface or a polymer surface, such as titanium, titanium alloys, stainless steel, zirconia, glass and poly(styrene), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), and poly(imide) is described. The method comprises I) providing a water solution containing calcium ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, II) providing another water solution containing phosphate ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, followed by III) mixing the solutions of (I) and (II) to create calcium phosphate particles coated with said water-soluble organic compounds. After washing and drying, the coated particles may be used as scaffolds or for production of a powder of calcium phosphate particles or crystals.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
  • C23C 24/08 - Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
  • A61L 27/32 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
  • A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
  • A61K 6/06 - Use of inorganic cements

14.

PRODUCTION OF MOLDABLE BONE SUBSTITUTE

      
Application Number EP2010052888
Publication Number 2010/100277
Status In Force
Filing Date 2010-03-08
Publication Date 2010-09-10
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Handa, Paul

Abstract

Composites and methods of producing a mouldable bone substitute are described. A scaffold for bone growth comprises nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioresorbable plasticizer, and a biodegradable polymer. Plasticizers of the invention include oleic acid, tocopherol, eugenol, 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane, monoolein, and octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Polymers of the invention include poly(caprolactone), poly(D,L-Lactic acid), and poly(glycolide-co lactide). Methods of regulating porosity, hardening speed, and shapeability are also described. Composites and methods are described using nanocrystalline HA produced with and without amino acids. The scaffold for bone growth described herein displays increased strength and shapeability.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/12 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
  • A61L 27/18 - Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • A61L 27/50 - Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
  • A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
  • A61L 27/58 - Materials at least partially resorbable by the body

15.

Methods and systems of controlled coating of nanoparticles onto micro-rough implant surfaces and associated implants

      
Application Number 12276664
Grant Number 08632843
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-11-24
First Publication Date 2010-05-27
Grant Date 2014-01-21
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Andersson, Martin
  • Currie, Fredrik
  • Kjellin, Per

Abstract

The invention provides methods and systems that control the application of a material onto micro-rough implant surfaces. Thus, the present invention provides method of applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of an implant to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface, the method comprising: providing an implant substrate body; applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of the implant; and rotating the implant, to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface. This method of nanoparticle application is designed to promote the integration of implants, such as dental and orthopedic screws, into living tissue, and offers the ability to control the thickness and uniformity of the nanoparticle layer, in one or several layers, while simultaneously retaining the microroughness of the implant. Further provided are systems for applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of an implant and implants having a crystalline nanoparticle layer on their surfaces.

IPC Classes  ?

  • B05D 1/02 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
  • B05D 1/40 - Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
  • B05D 3/04 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be appliedAfter-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
  • A61F 2/38 - Joints for elbows or knees
  • A61F 2/32 - Joints for the hip
  • A61F 2/62 - Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof adjustable, e.g. adjustable shank, thigh, or tubular skeletal system

16.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS OF CONTROLLED COATING OF NANOPARTICLES ONTO MICRO-ROUGH IMPLANT SURFACES AND ASSOCIATED IMPLANTS

      
Application Number EP2009065476
Publication Number 2010/057949
Status In Force
Filing Date 2009-11-19
Publication Date 2010-05-27
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Andersson, Martin
  • Currie, Fredrik
  • Kjellin, Per

Abstract

The invention provides methods and systems that control the application of a material onto micro-rough implant surfaces. Thus, the present invention provides method of applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of an implant to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface, the method comprising: providing an implant substrate body; applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of the implant; and rotating the implant, to produce an implant with a crystalline nanoparticle layer on its surface. This method of nanoparticle application is designed to promote the integration of implants, such as dental and orthopedic screws, into living tissue, and offers the ability to control the thickness and uniformity of the nanoparticle layer, in one or several layers, while simultaneously retaining the microroughness of the implant. Further provided are systems for applying crystalline nanoparticles onto the surface of an implant and implants having a crystalline nanoparticle layer on their surfaces.

IPC Classes  ?

17.

PRODUCTION OF NANOSIZED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE PARTICLES AS POWDER OR COATING VIA BIFUNCTIONAL PRECURSORS

      
Application Number SE2008051350
Publication Number 2009/070106
Status In Force
Filing Date 2008-11-26
Publication Date 2009-06-04
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor Kjellin, Per

Abstract

Method of producing calcium phosphate particles, such as hydroxyapatite particles, in the form of a powder or coating on a solid support comprising an oxide surface or a polymer surface, such as titanium, titanium alloys, stainless steel, zirconia, glass and poly(styrene), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), and poly(imide) is described. The method comprises I) providing a water solution containing calcium ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, II) providing another water solution containing phosphate ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, followed by III) mixing the solutions of (I) and (II) to create calcium phosphate particles coated with said water-soluble organic compounds. After washing and drying, the coated particles may be used as scaffolds or for production of a powder of calcium phosphate particles or crystals.

IPC Classes  ?

  • A61L 27/32 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
  • A61L 27/12 - Phosphorus-containing materials, e.g. apatite
  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium

18.

Synthetic nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate and method of production

      
Application Number 11629215
Grant Number 08206813
Status In Force
Filing Date 2005-06-14
First Publication Date 2008-09-11
Grant Date 2012-06-26
Owner Promimic AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Andersson, Martin

Abstract

2/g, is described. The nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate may be in the form of a powder or in the form of a coating on a surface. A method of producing a nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate powder or coating is also described. The method comprises formation of a liquid crystalline phase in a water solution of calcium, phosphor and a surfactant, placing the phase in an ammonia atmosphere so that nano-sized crystals are formed, followed by either removal of the surfactant with a solvent and recovering the nano-sized crystals to obtain the powder, or diluting the ammonia-treated liquid crystalline phase with a hydrophobic organic solvent to create a microemulsion of the nano-sized crystals in water, dipping an oxide layer-coated surface of an object into the microemulsion, or alternatively saving the step of ammonia treatment of the liquid crystalline phase until after the dipping of the surface of an object into the microemulsion, followed by removal of the organic solvent and the surfactant from the surface to obtain the coating.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
  • C09D 1/00 - Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances

19.

SYNTHETIC NANO-SIZED CRYSTALLINE CALCIUM PHOSPHATE AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION

      
Document Number 02569756
Status In Force
Filing Date 2005-06-14
Open to Public Date 2005-12-29
Grant Date 2012-10-30
Owner PROMIMIC AB (Sweden)
Inventor
  • Kjellin, Per
  • Andersson, Martin

Abstract


Synthetic nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate, particularly
hydroxyapatite, having a specific surface area in the range of 150 m2/g to 300
m2/g, is described. The nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate may be in the
form of a powder or in the form of a coating on a surface. A method of
producing a nano-sized crystalline calcium phosphate powder or coating is also
described. The method comprises formation of a liquid crystalline phase in a
water solution of calcium, phosphor and a surfactant, placing the phase in an
ammonia atmosphere so that nano-sized crystals are formed, followed by either
removal of the surfactant with a solvent and recovering the nano-sized
crystals to obtain the powder, or diluting the ammonia-treated liquid
crystalline phase with a hydrophobic organic solvent to create a microemulsion
of the nano-sized crystals in water, dipping an oxide layer-coated surface of
an object into the microemulsion, or alternatively saving the step of ammonia
treatment of the liquid crystalline phase until after the dipping of the
surface of an object into the microemulsion, followed by removal of the
organic solvent and the surfactant from the surface to obtain the coating.

IPC Classes  ?

  • C01B 25/32 - Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium