Apparatus for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid comprises a stripping column (10) comprising an ammonia-containing liquid inlet (12), one or more air inlets (14), an ammonia-containing gas outlet (16) and a waste liquid outlet (18); a pump (20) connected to the stripping column for reducing the pressure within the stripping column to below atmospheric pressure; heating means for internally heating the stripping column; and a condenser (22) downstream of the ammonia-containing gas outlet for removing liquid vapour from the ammonia-containing gas. Also disclosed is a method for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid.
B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
2.
System and method for recovering ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid
A system for recovering ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid, which system comprises a waste tank (10) for receiving ammonia-containing liquid entering the system; a filtration unit (14) comprising an ultrafiltration unit for receiving the ammonia-containing liquid from the waste tank (10) and filtering the ammonia-containing liquid to remove solids; an ammonia concentrating unit comprising a reverse osmosis unit (18) for receiving ammonia-containing liquid from the filtration unit (14) and concentrating the ammonia within the liquid; and an ammonia-recovery unit (100) for receiving concentrated ammonia-containing liquid from the ammonia concentrating unit (18) and recovering ammonia therefrom, wherein the ammonia-recovery unit (100) comprises a rectifier (102) for separating ammonia from the concentrated ammonia-containing liquid and recovering the ammonia as ammonia-containing gas; and wherein the system does not comprise an ammonia stripper.
C02F 1/10 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
C02F 1/20 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
C02F 9/00 - Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
C02F 103/06 - Contaminated groundwater or leachate
C02F 103/20 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
3.
A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING AMMONIA FROM AN AMMONIA-CONTAINING LIQUID
A system for recovering ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid, which system comprises a waste tank (10) for receiving ammonia-containing liquid entering the system; a filtration unit (14) comprising an ultrafiltration unit for receiving the ammonia-containing liquid from the waste tank (10) and filtering the ammonia-containing liquid to remove solids; an ammonia concentrating unit comprising a reverse osmosis unit (18) for receiving ammonia-containing liquid from the filtration unit (14) and concentrating the ammonia within the liquid; and an ammonia-recovery unit (100) for receiving concentrated ammonia-containing liquid from the ammonia concentrating unit (18) and recovering ammonia therefrom, wherein the ammonia-recovery unit (100) comprises a rectifier (102) for separating ammonia from the concentrated ammonia-containing liquid and recovering the ammonia as ammonia-containing gas; and wherein the system does not comprise an ammonia stripper.
An ammonia stripper (32) and method for stripping ammonia from ammonia-containing water is described, comprising an ammonia-containing water inlet (56), a steam inlet (70), and a forced air inlet (82), and an ammonia-containing gas outlet (36) and a wastewater outlet (72). The steam and air contact the ammonia-containing water in counter-flow to release ammonia from the ammonia-containing water. The ammonia stripper further comprises a steam and air mixing duct (200) shaped to create turbulence in the steam and air flow to promote mixing of the steam and air flow prior to contacting the ammonia-containing water. Also described is an ammonia stripper and method comprising a precipitation unit for precipitating solids from the ammonia-containing water prior to the inlet, and an ammonia stripper and method comprising a steam flash vessel for generating steam from the wastewater produced by the ammonia stripper for recycling into the ammonia stripper. Further described are thermal destructors for destroying ammonia in ammonia-containing gas from an ammonia stripper; and a method of removing ammonia from ammonia-containing gas wherein ammonia-containing gas is drawn from the ammonia-containing gas outlet and returned into the ammonia stripper to mix with the forced air entering the ammonia stripper.
C01C 1/10 - Separation of ammonia from ammonia liquors, e.g. gas liquors
F23G 7/06 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
C02F 1/20 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
C02F 1/52 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
5.
Systems and methods for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid
A system and method for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid is described. The system comprises a primary heat exchanger 12 for heating the ammonia-containing liquid to operational temperature, an ammonia stripper 14 for stripping ammonia from the ammonia-containing liquid from the primary heat exchanger and discharging it as ammonia-containing gas, and an acid scrubber 16 for reacting the ammonia in the ammonia-containing gas with acid to form an ammonium salt. The acid scrubber comprises a scrubbed air outlet 32 in fluid communication with a hot air inlet 20 of the ammonia stripper, such that scrubbed air which is discharged from the acid scrubber may be recycled for use in the ammonia stripper. Also described is a system and method for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid, wherein the system comprises a cold-water scrubber for removing ammonia from the ammonia-containing gas discharged from the ammonia stripper.
C02F 1/20 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
C02F 103/06 - Contaminated groundwater or leachate
C02F 103/36 - Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the chemical industry not provided for in groups from the manufacture of organic compounds
An ammonia stripper (32) and method for stripping ammonia from ammonia-containing water is described, comprising an ammonia-containing water inlet (56), a steam inlet (70), and a forced air inlet (82), and an ammonia-containing gas outlet (36) and a wastewater outlet (72). The steam and air contact the ammonia-containing water in counter-flow to release ammonia from the ammonia-containing water. The ammonia stripper further comprises a steam and air mixing duct (200) shaped to create turbulence in the steam and air flow to promote mixing of the steam and air flow prior to contacting the ammonia-containing water. Also described is an ammonia stripper and method comprising a precipitation unit for precipitating solids from the ammonia-containing water prior to the inlet, and an ammonia stripper and method comprising a steam flash vessel for generating steam from the wastewater produced by the ammonia stripper for recycling into the ammonia stripper. Further described are thermal destructors for destroying ammonia in ammonia- containing gas from an ammonia stripper; and a method of removing ammonia from ammonia-containing gas wherein ammonia-containing gas is drawn from the ammonia-containing gas outlet and returned into the ammonia stripper to mix with the forced air entering the ammonia stripper.
C02F 1/20 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
B01D 1/14 - Evaporating with heated gases or vapours in contact with the liquid
B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
A system and method for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid is disclosed. The system comprises a primary heat exchanger (12) for heating the ammonia-containing liquid to operational temperature, an ammonia stripper (14) for stripping ammonia from the ammonia- containing liquid from the primary heat exchanger and discharging it as ammonia-containing gas, and an acid scrubber (16) for reacting the ammonia in the ammonia- containing gas with acid to form an ammonium salt. The acid scrubber comprises a scrubbed air outlet (32) in fluid communication with a hot air inlet (20) of the ammonia stripper, such that scrubbed air which is discharged from the acid scrubber may be recycled for use in the ammonia stripper. Also disclosed is a system and method for removing ammonia from an ammonia-containing liquid, wherein the system comprises a cold-water scrubber for removing ammonia from the ammonia-containing gas discharged from the ammonia stripper.
B01D 3/34 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
A system for removing ammonia from landfill leachate comprising an economizer for producing high pressure hot water in a hot water circuit from heat exchange with a hot gas stream carrying waste heat; a boiler which is heated by the high pressure hot water to produce steam; and an ammonia stripper. The ammonia stripper has a leachate inlet connected to a leachate flow path, and an ammonia containing gas outlet. A leachate discharge outlet is connected to a leachate discharge flow path, and a steam inlet is provided which is connected to the boiler by a conduit. At a lower end of the ammonia stripper there is a forced air inlet. A randomly packed bed located between the upper end and the lower end. In use there is a flow of steam and air in one direction and of leachate in the opposite direction which releases ammonia from the leachate.
F23G 7/06 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of specific waste or low grade fuels, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
C02F 1/74 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
This invention provides a system for removing ammonia from landfill leachate. The system comprises: an economiser 22 for producing high pressure hot water in a hot water circuit from heat exchange with a hot gas stream carrying waste heat; a boiler 26 which is heated by the high pressure hot water to produce steam; and an ammonia stripper 32. The ammonia stripper 32 has a leachate inlet 56 connected to a leachate flow path, and an ammonia containing gas outlet 36, at an upper end thereof. A leachate discharge outlet 72 is provided which is connected to a leachate discharge flow path 74, and a steam inlet 70 is provided which is connected to the boiler 26 by a conduit. At a lower end of the ammonia stripper there is a forced air inlet 68. A randomly packed bed 60, 64 located between the upper end and the lower end. In use there is a flow of steam and air in one direction and of leachate in the opposite direction which releases ammonia from the leachate.
Described is a pyrolysis system including an entrained flow pyrolyzer having an opening through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyzer also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas, an outlet for pyrolyzed biomass and an outlet for syngas. The system has a burner for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet. A syngas extraction means for extracting syngas from the pyrolyzer. The syngas extraction means extracts syngas from the pyrolyzer at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyzer never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyzer.
C10B 49/08 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form
C10B 49/06 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated according to the "moving bed" technique
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
The present invention provides an pyrolysis system comprising an entrained flow pyrolyser (2) having an opening (4) through which biomass can be added. The pyrolyser (2) also has an inlet for hot exhaust gas (14), an outlet for pyrolysed biomass (16) and an outlet for syngas (22). The system has a burner (12) for producing hot exhaust gas and a conduit between the burner and the hot exhaust gas inlet (14). A syngas extraction means (34) for extracting syngas from the pyrolyser. The syngas extraction means (34) extracts syngas from the pyrolyser (2) at a rate such that the internal pressure within the pyrolyser (2) never exceeds the pressure external to the pyrolyser.
F02B 43/08 - Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
C10B 49/08 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form
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