Abstract

Described are energetic compositions formed of a 5,5′-bistetrazole salt and a perchlorate salt, in which the energetic composition is a co-precipitated product. The 5,5′-bistetrazole salt and the perchlorate salt can be dipotassium 5,5′-bistetrazole and potassium perchlorate. The energetic composition can have a particle size distribution between 1-50 micron and/or a mean volume diameter of less than 30 micron. In a low energy electro-explosive device, an ignition element is at least partially surrounded by an acceptor formed of this energetic composition, and the ignition element can be a bridgewire, a thin film bridge, a semiconductor bridge, or a reactive semiconductor bridge.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06B 43/00 - Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups
• C06B 29/02 - Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
• F42B 3/12 - Bridge initiators

Abstract

A control system for a satellite comprises a power source and control system, a propulsion system having individually selectable solid fuel motors, a communication interface and an attitude determination and control system (ADCS). The ADCS receives power from the power source and control system and further receives desired orbital or positional instructions via the communication interface. Based on the desired orbital or position instructions, the ADCS generates and provides commands to the propulsion system. In turn, the propulsion system selects and fires one or more motors of the individually selectable solid fuel motors responsive to the commands received from the ADCS. A satellite may comprise the disclosed satellite control system as well as attitude control components and/or sensor components operatively connected to the satellite control system.

IPC Classes  ?

• B64G 1/26 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using jets
• B64G 1/40 - Arrangements or adaptations of propulsion systems
• F02K 9/30 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant thereforControl thereof using solid propellants with the propulsion gases exhausting through a plurality of nozzles
• F02K 9/76 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant thereforControl thereof combined with another jet-propulsion plant with another rocket-engine plantMultistage rocket-engine plants
• B64G 1/42 - Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems

Abstract

Described are methods for purifying a 5-nitrotetrazolate solution with a copper(II) modified cation exchange resin. The method can be performed as a stand-alone system or as a system integrated into a continuous flow reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• B01J 39/20 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds

Abstract

Described are methods for purifying a 5-nitrotetrazolate solution with a copper(II) modified cation exchange resin. The method can be performed as a stand-alone system or as a system integrated into a continuous flow reactor.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• B01J 39/05 - Processes using organic exchangers in the strongly acidic form
• B01J 39/07 - Processes using organic exchangers in the weakly acidic form
• B01J 39/20 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
• B01J 47/016 - Modification or after-treatment of ion-exchangers

Abstract

A self contained fire extinguisher system that does not need external power in order to sense or initiate a release of a fire suppression medium, includes components configured to utilize a linear sensor network that can be connected to at least one and/or different sources of fire suppression mediums. A linear temperature sensing cord can be routed over a large area not practical with individual sensors. The cord can also actuate several and different sources of fire suppression mediums to maximize the suppression of a fire.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62C 35/00 - Permanently-installed equipment
• A62C 37/48 - Thermally sensitive initiators
• A62C 37/10 - Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
• A62C 35/08 - Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge
• A62C 35/58 - Pipe-line systems
• A62C 37/36 - Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
• A62C 35/02 - Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
• A62C 3/07 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
• A62C 5/00 - Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
• A62C 31/02 - Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
• A62C 3/00 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
• A62C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• A62C 35/68 - Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
• A62C 37/11 - Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive

Abstract

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an ambient temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an ambient temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

A propulsion system for use with a satellite comprises a substrate, a communication network and a cluster of individually selectable solid fuel motors mounted on the substrate and operatively connected to the communication network. A controller is also operatively connected to the communication network and operative to select any one of more motors of the cluster of individually selectable solid fuel motors and transmit signals to fire the one or more motors of the individually selectable solid fuel motors. The substrate may have various configurations. The cluster of motors may comprise 10-1000 motors, which may be arranged in a rectangular array or other formation. Subsets of motors having different impulse capabilities may be employed. In this manner, lighter, smaller, flexible and more efficient propulsions systems may be provided for use in attitude control, etc. of satellites.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02K 9/08 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant thereforControl thereof using solid propellants
• G01S 19/01 - Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO

Abstract

A propulsion system for use with a satellite comprises a substrate, a communication network and a cluster of individually selectable solid fuel motors mounted on the substrate and operatively connected to the communication network. A controller is also operatively connected to the communication network and operative to select any one of more motors of the cluster of individually selectable solid fuel motors and transmit signals to fire the one or more motors of the individually selectable solid fuel motors. The substrate may have various configurations. The cluster of motors may comprise 10-1000 motors, which may be arranged in a rectangular array or other formation. Subsets of motors having different impulse capabilities may be employed. In this manner, lighter, smaller, flexible and more efficient propulsions systems may be provided for use in attitude control, etc. of satellites.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02K 9/95 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant thereforControl thereof characterised by starting or ignition means or arrangements
• B64G 1/40 - Arrangements or adaptations of propulsion systems
• B64G 1/26 - Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control using jets
• F02K 9/10 - Shape or structure of solid propellant charges
• F02K 9/24 - Charging rocket engines with solid propellantsMethods or apparatus specially adapted for working solid propellant charges
• F02K 9/76 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant thereforControl thereof combined with another jet-propulsion plant with another rocket-engine plantMultistage rocket-engine plants

Abstract

Described are methods of preparing silver azide comprising reacting a silver salt, an azide salt, ammonium hydroxide, and a hydrolysable ester at an elevated temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 21/08 - Hydrazoic acidAzidesHalogen azides

Abstract

Described are methods of preparing silver azide comprising reacting a silver salt, an azide salt, ammonium hydroxide, and a hydrolysable ester at an elevated temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 5/00 - Compounds of silver
• C01B 21/08 - Hydrazoic acidAzidesHalogen azides

Abstract

Described are methods for preparing copper(I) 5-nitrotetrazolate, which include reacting copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, sodium nitrite, 5-aminotetrazole, and at least one of nitric acid and urea in water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 1/08 - Copper compounds

Abstract

A non-lethal vehicle device provides for the selective, remotely-deployed controlled stop of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device includes a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment controller, spike/membrane deployment mechanism(s), a “speed bump” type housing that can protrude (be driven over until deployed) or be submerged, and one or more membranes with a plurality of spikes. A combination of sensors may provide independent deployment once armed.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/12 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats
• E01F 15/00 - Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollardsArrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact

Abstract

A self contained fire extinguisher system that does not need external power in order to sense or initiate a release of a fire suppression medium, includes components configured to utilize a linear sensor network that can be connected to at least one and/or different sources of fire suppression mediums. A linear temperature sensing cord can be routed over a large area not practical with individual sensors. The cord can also actuate several and different sources of fire suppression mediums to maximize the suppression of a fire.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62C 35/00 - Permanently-installed equipment
• A62C 37/48 - Thermally sensitive initiators
• A62C 37/10 - Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
• A62C 35/08 - Containers destroyed or opened by bursting charge
• A62C 35/58 - Pipe-line systems
• A62C 37/36 - Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
• A62C 35/02 - Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
• A62C 3/07 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
• A62C 5/00 - Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
• A62C 31/02 - Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
• A62C 3/00 - Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
• A62C 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• A62C 35/68 - Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems

Abstract

Methods and systems for mixing propellant formulations are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method of mixing a solid propellant formulation includes placing a first component (e.g., a polymer or fuel) and a second component (e.g., an oxidizer of suitable particle size) in a mix vessel. The method further includes mixing the first and second components together by rotating the mix vessel about a first axis and, during at least a portion of the vessel rotation, revolving the vessel about a second axis spaced apart from the first axis. In one embodiment, the first axis can be a vessel spin axis, and the second axis can be spaced apart from the first axis so that the vessel revolves about the second axis in a planetary manner. In another embodiment, the vessel can rotate about the first axis in a first direction while revolving about the second axis in a second direction, opposite to the first direction.

IPC Classes  ?

• D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
• D03D 43/00 - Looms with change-boxes

Abstract

A method for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate is disclosed. The method includes reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole and an acid as a first reactant stream, and a nitrite as a second reactant stream in a continuous flow system at an elevated temperature in a range of approximately 50.degree.C to 100.degree.C. The continuous flow system includes a heated zone, a mixing zone, and a reaction zone. The heated zone is held at the elevated temperature, and includes a preheat zone for each reactant stream. The mixing zone combines the first reactant stream and the second reactant stream into a reactant mixture. The reaction zone retains the reactant mixture in the heated zone until the reaction is complete. A continuous flow system for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate is also disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom

Abstract

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an elevated temperature. The method shows the advantages over the methods based on cuprous salts as being less expensive, copper-free and safe at a large scale.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings
• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom

Abstract

Described are methods for preparing salts of 5-nitrotetrazolate that include reacting aqueous solutions of 5-aminotetrazole, an acid, and sodium nitrite in a continuous flow system at an elevated temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings
• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• C07D 403/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• A01N 47/38 - Ureas or thioureas containing the groups N—CO—N or N—CS—N containing the group N—CO—N where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ringThio-analogues thereof
• C06B 43/00 - Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups

Abstract

A non-lethal vehicle device provides for the selective, remotely-deployed controlled stop of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device is comprised of a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment controller, spike/snare deployment mechanism(s), a “speed bump” type housing that can protrude (be driven over until deployed) or be submerged, and one or more snares with a plurality of spikes. A combination of sensors may provide independent deployment once armed.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/12 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats

Abstract

Embodiments of materials suitable for use as a replacement for Tetrazene and methods of preparing such materials are described. In one embodiment, the material comprises MTX-1, as well as simple salts or complexes derived therefrom. The methods of preparing such materials include combining Tetrazene and an acid to form a suspension, where the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid. A nitrite salt may be added to the suspension, where the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrite, or an aqueous solution of potassium nitrite. In some embodiments, the suspension is stirred until the suspension has a white appearance.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06B 45/00 - Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component or product
• C06B 25/00 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
• C06B 25/34 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
• D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
• D03D 43/00 - Looms with change-boxes

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings
• H01B 1/16 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys

Abstract

A self contained fire extinguisher system that does not need external power in order to sense or initiate a release of a fire suppression medium, includes components configured to utilize a linear sensor network that can be connected to at least one and/or different sources of fire suppression mediums. A linear temperature sensing cord can be routed over a large area not practical with individual sensors. The cord can also actuate several and different sources of fire suppression mediums to maximize the suppression of a fire.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62C 2/00 - Fire prevention or containment
• A62C 37/48 - Thermally sensitive initiators

Abstract

A SAFE and ARM mechanism includes an elongated casing having a first end and a second end. A high-G force firing pin is arranged relatively near to the first end and a low-G force firing pin is arranged relatively near to the second end. A detonator is arranged between the high-G force firing pin and the first end. When a G-force within a first range of magnitudes is applied to the casing along its longitudinal axis, the low-G force firing pin is displaced to strike a portion of the high-G force firing pin, and if a G-force within a second range of magnitudes is applied to the casing along its longitudinal axis, the high-G force firing pin is displaced to strike the detonator. The device may become ARMED in response to a centrifugal force generated by spinning the casing on its longitudinal axis.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42C 15/184 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier
• F42C 15/26 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
• F42C 15/34 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by a blocking-member in the pyrotechnic or explosive train between primer and main charge
• F42C 15/00 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
• F42C 1/04 - Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
• F42C 15/22 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing pin using centrifugal force

Abstract

Described are compounds and materials that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive, such as copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Copper(I) nitrotetrazolate may he prepared by a process comprising the steps of: combining cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include combining cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings
• H01B 1/16 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys

Abstract

3, black powder, and Red Dot double base propellant.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06B 25/00 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
• C06B 25/34 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
• D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
• D03D 43/00 - Looms with change-boxes

Abstract

Embodiments of materials suitable for use as a replacement for Tetrazene and methods of preparing such materials are described. In one embodiment, the material comprises MTX-1, as well as simple salts or complexes derived therefrom. The methods of preparing such materials include combining Tetrazene and an acid to form a suspension, where the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid. A nitrite salt may be added to the suspension, where the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrite, or an aqueous solution of potassium nitrite. In some embodiments, the suspension is stirred until the suspension has a white appearance.

IPC Classes  ?

• D03D 43/00 - Looms with change-boxes

Abstract

Embodiments of materials suitable for use as a replacement for Tetrazene and methods of preparing such materials are described. In one embodiment, the material comprises MTX-1, as well as simple salts or complexes derived therefrom. The methods of preparing such materials include combining Tetrazene and an acid to form a suspension, where the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid. A nitrite salt may be added to the suspension, where the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrite, or an aqueous solution of potassium nitrite. In some embodiments, the suspension is stirred until the suspension has a white appearance.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06C 7/00 - Non-electric detonatorsBlasting capsPrimers
• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 1/16 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

A SAFE and ARM mechanism is includes an elongated casing having a first end and a second end. A high-G force firing pin is arranged relatively near to the first end and a low-G force firing pin is arranged relatively near to the second end. A detonator is arranged between the high-G force firing pin and the first end. When a G-force within a first range of magnitudes is applied to the casing along its longitudinal axis, the low-G force firing pin is displaced to strike a portion of the high-G force firing pin, and if a G-force within a second range of magnitudes is applied to the casing along its longitudinal axis, the high-G force firing pin is displaced to strike the detonator. The device may become ARMED in response to a centrifugal force generated by spinning the casing on its longitudinal axis.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42C 9/14 - Double fuzesMultiple fuzes

Abstract

Embodiments of materials suitable for use as a replacement for Tetrazene and methods of preparing such materials are described. In one embodiment, the material comprises MTX-1, as well as simple salts or complexes derived therefrom. The methods of preparing such materials include combining Tetrazene and an acid to form a suspension, where the acid is nitric acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, or hydrochloric acid. A nitrite salt may be added to the suspension, where the nitrite salt is sodium nitrite, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrite, or an aqueous solution of potassium nitrite. In some embodiments, the suspension is stirred until the suspension has a white appearance.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06B 43/00 - Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups
• C06C 7/00 - Non-electric detonatorsBlasting capsPrimers
• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

Embodiments of methods for preparing 3-aminopicric acid from picric acid is described. In one embodiment, the method comprises combining lithium hydroxide, picric acid, and a first solvent to form a first solution, combining lithium hydroxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and a second solvent to form a second solution, combining the first solution with the second solution to form a mixture, and cooling the mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 213/02 - Preparation of compounds containing amino and hydroxy, amino and etherified hydroxy or amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton by reactions involving the formation of amino groups from compounds containing hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
• C07D 271/12 - Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems

Abstract

Embodiments of methods for preparing 3-aminopicric acid from picric acid is described. In one embodiment, the method comprises combining lithium hydroxide, picric acid, and a first solvent to form a first solution, combining lithium hydroxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and a second solvent to form a second solution, combining the first solution with the second solution to form a mixture, and cooling the mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 209/00 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton

Abstract

A non-lethal vehicle device provides for the selective, remotely-deployed controlled stop of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device is comprised of a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment controller, spike/snare deployment mechanism(s), a "speed bump" type housing that can protrude (be driven over until deployed) or be submerged, and one or more snares with a plurality of spikes. A combination of sensors may provide independent deployment once armed.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/12 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats

Abstract

An apparatus and a method for disabling a ground engaging traction device of a land vehicle includes at least one penetrator configured to breach the traction device, an articulated strap configured to move a plurality of times between a retracted arrangement and an extended arrangement, an inflatable bladder configured to deploy the articulated strip to the extended arrangement, and a retractor configured to retract the articulated strip to the retracted arrangement. The articulated strip includes a plurality of plates coupled to the penetrators and a plurality of joints, wherein individual joint couples individual adjacent plates.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/12 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats

Abstract

A pyrotechnically powered actuator having a bellows that provides a force and stroke upon initiation is disclosed. The actuator includes a housing body with a first end and a second end. The bellows is coupled to the first end of the housing body. A cover is coupled to the second end of the housing body. An initiator is located within the housing body and includes a pyrotechnic material and a bridge element. The housing body, the bellows, and the cover define a hermetically sealed chamber. The bellows is compact, lightweight, and can withstand internal and external pressure at least as high as 3,000 psi. An exemplary embodiment includes a housing body that provides a compartment for adding supplemental pyrotechnic material. Further exemplary embodiments of the actuator include a chip initiator that requires less than 1 amp to function in less than 10 milliseconds.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 3/10 - Initiators therefor

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing a cupric salt; providing water; providing a 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include providing cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cupric salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include providing cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 31/41 - Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which is nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

In networked electronic ordnance systems as disclosed herein, a plurality of pyrotechnic devices communicate with a controller along a common bus. In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, at least some of the pyrotechnic devices in the ordnance system are configured such that the address for those devices can be defined during or subsequent to installation of the pyrotechnic devices in an end system. In some instances, a logic device in the pyrotechnic device includes a diagnostics block that initiates a suite of diagnostic tests within the pyrotechnic device in response to a diagnostics command received by the pyrotechnic device. Additionally, in some instances, an additional safety mechanism is added to an energy- reserve capacitor in the pyrotechnic device in compliance with a safe-by-wire standard.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23Q 7/02 - Incandescent ignitionIgnition using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettesElectrically-heated glowing plugs for igniting solid fuel

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing a cupric salt; providing water; providing a 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include providing cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cupric salt; providing water; providing 5- nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cupric salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture, heating the mixture, adding a reducing agent and stirring with continued heating. The method may also include providing cupric chloride, sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate and sodium ascorbate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• C06C 7/00 - Non-electric detonatorsBlasting capsPrimers
• C06B 41/00 - Compositions containing a nitrated metallo-organic compound

Abstract

A vehicle destabilizing device that provides for the selective, remotely- deployed deflection and/or overturning of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device is comprised of a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment switch, one or more lifting devices, a housing, and one or more structural members contiguously engaging the vehicle. The housing can be at least partially submerged in a road surface or protrude from the road surface so as to be driven over until deployed. A sensor can provide independent deployment once the device is armed.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/00 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades

Abstract

A non-lethal vehicle device provides for the selective, remotely-deployed controlled stop of a targeted vehicle regardless of wheel or undercarriage configuration. The device is comprised of a combination of a remote arm/safe mechanism, a remote deployment controller, spike/membrane deployment mechanism(s), a "speed bump" type housing that can protrude (be driven over until deployed) or be submerged, and one or more membranes with a plurality of spikes. A combination of sensors may provide independent deployment once armed.

IPC Classes  ?

• E01F 13/00 - Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades

Abstract

An ARM-FIRE device for a pyrotechnic system includes a first pyrotechnic, a second pyrotechnic, a passage extending between the first and second pyrotechnics, and an actuator/blocking device positioned between the first and second pyrotechnics. The first pyrotechnic is configured to be ignited by a heat source, and the second pyrotechnic is configured to be ignited by the first pyrotechnic in the FIRE arrangement. The actuator/blocking device includes a body configured to move between a first position in the SAFE arrangement and a second position in the FIRE arrangement, an aperture extending through the body, and an actuator. The aperture is offset from the passage in the first position of the body and is aligned with the passage in the second position of the body. The actuator is configured to move the body between the first and second positions. The first pyrotechnic, the second pyrotechnic, and the actuator/blocking device occupy a volume of approximately 3.0 cubic inches or less.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 4/00 - Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination, or signal purposes

Abstract

An ARM-FIRE device for a pyrotechnic system includes a first pyrotechnic, a second pyrotechnic, a passage extending between the first and second pyrotechnics, and an actuator/blocking device positioned between the first and second pyrotechnics. The first pyrotechnic is configured to be ignited by a heat source, and the second pyrotechnic is configured to be ignited by the first pyrotechnic in the FIRE arrangement. The actuator/blocking device includes a body configured to move between a first position in the SAFE arrangement and a second position in the FIRE arrangement, an aperture extending through the body, and an actuator. The aperture is offset from the passage in the first position of the body and is aligned with the passage in the second position of the body. The actuator is configured to move the body between the first and second positions. The first pyrotechnic, the second pyrotechnic, and the actuator/blocking device occupy a volume of approximately 49 cubic cm (3.0 cubic inches)or less.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42C 15/34 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by a blocking-member in the pyrotechnic or explosive train between primer and main charge
• F42C 15/184 - Arming-means in fuzesSafety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier

Abstract

Lightweight armor protection systems, shield systems and methods for using such systems are disclosed herein One embodiment of a lightweight armor protection system (100), for example, can include a shield assembly (102) having a plurality of panels (110) positioned adjacent to one another along lengthwise panel edges (116) and spaced apart from one another by gaps The panels (110) can have a front side (112) and a back side (114) facing opposite from the front side (112) The shield assembly (102) can also have one or more flexible straps (120) interposed in the gaps between the panels (110) and attached to the panels (110) on alternating front and back sides (112 and 114) of adjacent panels (110) The straps (120) can couple adjacent panels (110) along the lengthwise panel edges (116) and permit the panels (110) to pivot bidirectionally relative to the adjacent panels (110).

IPC Classes  ?

• F41H 5/08 - Shields for personal use

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide an improved percussion primer composition and improved hot-wire igniter acceptor, wherein lead styphnate is replaced with a lead-free material, 4,6-dinitro-7-hydroxybenzofuroxan, potassium salt (KDNP). Embodiments of the percussion primer composition include KDNP, a sensitizer, an oxidizer, calcium suicide, a fuel, and a binder. Sensitizers may include tetracene. Oxidizers may include alkali or alkaline earth nitrates, oxides, or peroxides (such as barium nitrate). Fuel materials may include metals, metal sulfides, or other non-metallic materials. Common binders may include nitrocellulose based shellacs, gum arabic/poly vinyl alcohol mixtures, and guar gum/poly vinyl alcohol mixtures. Embodiments of the hot-wire igniter device include a bridgewire, an acceptor, and an output, where KDNP is the acceptor. Power supply may be in the form of constant current/voltage or current flow from a capacitor discharge. Certain embodiments utilize a variety of output formulations, such as BKNO3, black powder, and Red Dot double base propellant.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06C 7/00 - Non-electric detonatorsBlasting capsPrimers
• F42B 3/12 - Bridge initiators

Abstract

3, black powder, and Red Dot double base propellant.

IPC Classes  ?

• C06B 25/00 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
• C06B 25/34 - Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
• D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loomWeaves not provided for in any other single group
• D03D 43/00 - Looms with change-boxes

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead-free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01B 1/16 - Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings

Abstract

A pyrotechnically powered actuator having a bellows that provides a force and stroke upon initiation is disclosed. The actuator includes a housing body with a first end and a second end. The bellows is coupled to the first end of the housing body. A cover is coupled to the second end of the housing body. An initiator is located within the housing body and includes a pyrotechnic material and a bridge element. The housing body, the bellows, and the cover define a hermetically sealed chamber. The bellows is compact, lightweight, and can withstand internal and external pressure at least as high as 3,000 psi. An exemplary embodiment includes a housing body that provides a compartment for adding supplemental pyrotechnic material. Further exemplary embodiments of the actuator include a chip initiator that requires less than 1 amp to function in less than 10 milliseconds.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 3/10 - Initiators therefor

Abstract

Embodiments of the present subject matter provide a compound and material that may be used as a lead-free primary explosive. An embodiment of the present subject matter provides the compound copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter provide methods for preparing lead- free primary explosives. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5 -nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5- nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate. Certain embodiments of the present subject matter also provide methods for preparing copper(I) nitrotetrazolate. The method includes: providing cuprous salt; providing water; providing 5-nitrotetrazolate salt; combining the cuprous salt, water and 5-nitrotetrazolate salt to form a mixture; and heating the mixture. The method may also include providing cuprous chloride and providing sodium 5-nitrotetrazolate.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 15/02 - Iron compounds
• C07F 15/04 - Nickel compounds

Abstract

The present invention is directed to the field of substituted tetrazole synthesis and manufacture. More particularly, the present invention is directed to processes for preparing substituted tetrazoles and tetrazolate salts, such as sodium nitrotetrazolate and sodium cyanotetrazolate, using small scale and/or microreactor techniques. The use of the present techniques result in less hazardous and more efficient manufacturing processes.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07D 257/06 - Five-membered rings with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom
• C07D 257/04 - Five-membered rings