IPC Classification

Class code (prefix) Descriptions Number of results
  • All sections
  • C - Chemistrymetallurgy
  • C12N - Microorganisms or enzymescompositions thereofpropagating, preserving, or maintaining microorganismsmutation or genetic engineeringculture media
C12N 1/00 Microorganisms, e.g. protozoaCompositions thereofProcesses of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereofProcesses of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganismCulture media therefor
C12N 1/02 Separating microorganisms from their culture media
C12N 1/04 Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
C12N 1/06 Lysis of microorganisms
C12N 1/08 Reducing the nucleic acid content
C12N 1/10 ProtozoaCulture media therefor
C12N 1/11 ProtozoaCulture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/12 Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
C12N 1/13 Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/14 Fungi Culture media therefor
C12N 1/15 Fungi Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/16 YeastsCulture media therefor
C12N 1/18 Baker's yeastBrewer's yeast
C12N 1/19 YeastsCulture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/20 BacteriaCulture media therefor
C12N 1/21 BacteriaCulture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/22 Processes using, or culture media containing, cellulose or hydrolysates thereof
C12N 1/24 Processes using, or culture media containing, waste sulfite liquor
C12N 1/26 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons
C12N 1/28 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons aliphatic
C12N 1/30 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons aliphatic having five or less carbon atoms
C12N 1/32 Processes using, or culture media containing, lower alkanols, i.e. C1 to C6
C12N 1/34 Processes using foam culture
C12N 1/36 Adaptation or attenuation of cells
C12N 1/38 Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factorsStimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound
C12N 3/00 Spore-forming or isolating processes
C12N 5/00 Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell linesTissuesCultivation or maintenance thereofCulture media therefor
C12N 5/02 Propagation of single cells or cells in suspensionMaintenance thereofCulture media therefor
C12N 5/04 Plant cells or tissues
C12N 5/07 Animal cells or tissues
C12N 5/09 Tumour cells
C12N 5/10 Cells modified by introduction of foreign genetic material, e.g. virus-transformed cells
C12N 5/12 Fused cells, e.g. hybridomas
C12N 5/14 Plant cells
C12N 5/16 Animal cells
C12N 5/18 Murine cells, e.g. mouse cells
C12N 5/20 Murine cells, e.g. mouse cells one of the fusion partners being a B lymphocyte
C12N 5/22 Human cells
C12N 5/24 Human cells one of the fusion partners being a B lymphocyte
C12N 5/26 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion
C12N 5/28 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion one of the fusion partners being a human cell
C12N 5/071 Vertebrate cells or tissues, e.g. human cells or tissues
C12N 5/073 Embryonic cells or tissuesFoetal cells or tissues
C12N 5/074 Adult stem cells
C12N 5/075 OocytesOogonia
C12N 5/076 Sperm cellsSpermatogonia
C12N 5/077 Mesenchymal cells, e.g. bone cells, cartilage cells, marrow stromal cells, fat cells or muscle cells
C12N 5/078 Cells from blood or from the immune system
C12N 5/079 Neural cells
C12N 5/095 Stem cellsProgenitor cells
C12N 5/0735 Embryonic stem cellsEmbryonic germ cells
C12N 5/0775 Mesenchymal stem cellsAdipose-tissue derived stem cells
C12N 5/0781 B cellsProgenitors thereof
C12N 5/0783 T cellsNK cellsProgenitors of T or NK cells
C12N 5/0784 Dendritic cellsProgenitors thereof
C12N 5/0786 MonocytesMacrophages
C12N 5/0787 Granulocytes, e.g. basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils or mast cells
C12N 5/0789 Stem cellsMultipotent progenitor cells
C12N 5/0793 Neurons
C12N 5/0797 Stem cellsProgenitor cells
C12N 7/00 Viruses, e.g. bacteriophagesCompositions thereofPreparation or purification thereof
C12N 7/01 Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages, modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 7/02 Recovery or purification
C12N 7/04 Inactivation or attenuationProducing viral sub-units
C12N 7/06 Inactivation or attenuationProducing viral sub-units by chemical treatment
C12N 7/08 Inactivation or attenuationProducing viral sub-units by serial passage of virus
C12N 9/00 Enzymes, e.g. ligases (6.)ProenzymesCompositions thereofProcesses for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating, or purifying enzymes
C12N 9/02 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase
C12N 9/04 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on CHOH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1)
C12N 9/06 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.7)
C12N 9/08 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
C12N 9/10 Transferases (2.)
C12N 9/12 Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
C12N 9/14 Hydrolases (3.)
C12N 9/16 Hydrolases (3.) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
C12N 9/18 Carboxylic ester hydrolases
C12N 9/20 Triglyceride splitting, e.g. by means of lipase
C12N 9/22 Ribonucleases
C12N 9/24 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
C12N 9/26 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. hyaluronidase, invertase, amylase
C12N 9/28 Alpha-amylase from microbial source, e.g. bacterial amylase
C12N 9/30 Fungal source
C12N 9/32 Alpha-amylase from plant source
C12N 9/34 Glucoamylase
C12N 9/36 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-1, 4 bonds between N-acetylmuramic acid and 2-acetylamino 2-deoxy-D-glucose, e.g. lysozyme
C12N 9/38 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. beta-galactosidase
C12N 9/40 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. alpha-galactosidase
C12N 9/42 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. cellulase
C12N 9/44 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-1, 6-glucosidic bonds, e.g. isoamylase, pullulanase
C12N 9/46 Dextranase
C12N 9/48 Hydrolases (3.) acting on peptide bonds, e.g. thromboplastin, leucine aminopeptidase (3.4)
C12N 9/50 Proteinases
C12N 9/52 Proteinases derived from bacteria
C12N 9/54 Proteinases derived from bacteria bacteria being Bacillus
C12N 9/56 Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus licheniformis
C12N 9/58 Proteinases derived from fungi
C12N 9/60 Proteinases derived from fungi from yeast
C12N 9/62 Proteinases derived from fungi from Aspergillus
C12N 9/64 Proteinases derived from animal tissue, e.g. rennin
C12N 9/66 Elastase
C12N 9/68 Plasmin, i.e. fibrinolysin
C12N 9/70 Streptokinase
C12N 9/72 Urokinase
C12N 9/74 Thrombin
C12N 9/76 TrypsinChymotrypsin
C12N 9/78 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
C12N 9/80 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in linear amides
C12N 9/82 Asparaginase
C12N 9/84 Penicillin amidase
C12N 9/86 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in cyclic amides, e.g. penicillinase
C12N 9/88 Lyases (4.)
C12N 9/90 Isomerases (5.)
C12N 9/92 Glucose isomerase
C12N 9/94 Pancreatin
C12N 9/96 Stabilising an enzyme by forming an adduct or a compositionForming enzyme conjugates
C12N 9/98 Preparation of granular or free-flowing enzyme compositions
C12N 9/99 Enzyme inactivation by chemical treatment
C12N 11/00 Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymesCarrier-bound or immobilised microbial cellsPreparation thereof
C12N 11/02 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
C12N 11/04 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
C12N 11/06 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier attached to the carrier via a bridging agent
C12N 11/08 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer
C12N 11/10 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a carbohydrate
C12N 11/12 Cellulose or derivatives thereof
C12N 11/14 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
C12N 11/16 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in a biological cell
C12N 11/18 Multi-enzyme systems
C12N 11/082 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C12N 11/084 Polymers containing vinyl alcohol units
C12N 11/087 Acrylic polymers
C12N 11/089 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C12N 11/091 Phenol resinsAmino resins
C12N 11/093 Polyurethanes
C12N 11/096 PolyestersPolyamides
C12N 11/098 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer formed in the presence of the enzymes or microbial cells
C12N 13/00 Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
C12N 15/00 Mutation or genetic engineeringDNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purificationUse of hosts therefor
C12N 15/01 Preparation of mutants without inserting foreign genetic material thereinScreening processes therefor
C12N 15/02 Preparation of hybrid cells by fusion of two or more cells, e.g. protoplast fusion
C12N 15/03 Bacteria
C12N 15/04 Fungi
C12N 15/05 Plant cells
C12N 15/06 Animal cells
C12N 15/07 Human cells
C12N 15/08 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion
C12N 15/09 Recombinant DNA-technology
C12N 15/10 Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
C12N 15/11 DNA or RNA fragmentsModified forms thereof
C12N 15/12 Genes encoding animal proteins
C12N 15/13 Immunoglobulins
C12N 15/14 Human serum albumins
C12N 15/15 Protease inhibitors, e.g. antithrombin, antitrypsin, hirudin
C12N 15/16 Hormones
C12N 15/17 Insulins
C12N 15/18 Growth hormones
C12N 15/19 InterferonsLymphokinesCytokines
C12N 15/20 Interferons
C12N 15/21 Alpha-interferons
C12N 15/22 Beta-interferons
C12N 15/23 Gamma-interferons
C12N 15/24 Interleukins
C12N 15/25 Interleukin-1
C12N 15/26 Interleukin-2
C12N 15/27 Colony stimulating factors
C12N 15/28 Tumor necrosis factors
C12N 15/29 Genes encoding plant proteins, e.g. thaumatin
C12N 15/30 Genes encoding protozoal proteins, e.g. from Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Eimeria
C12N 15/31 Genes encoding microbial proteins, e.g. enterotoxins
C12N 15/32 Bacillus crystal proteins
C12N 15/33 Genes encoding viral proteins
C12N 15/34 Proteins from DNA viruses
C12N 15/35 Parvoviridae, e.g. feline panleukopenia virus, human parvovirus
C12N 15/36 Hepadnaviridae
C12N 15/37 Papovaviridae, e.g. papillomaviruses, polyomavirus, SV40
C12N 15/38 Herpetoviridae, e.g. herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, pseudorabies virus
C12N 15/39 Poxviridae, e.g. vaccinia virus, variola virus
C12N 15/40 Proteins from RNA viruses, e.g. flaviviruses
C12N 15/41 Picornaviridae, e.g. rhinovirus, coxsackie viruses, echoviruses, enteroviruses
C12N 15/42 Foot-and-mouth disease virus
C12N 15/43 Poliovirus
C12N 15/44 Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus
C12N 15/45 Paramyxoviridae, e.g. measles virus, mumps virus, Newcastle disease virus, canine distemper virus, rinderpest virus, respiratory syncytial viruses
C12N 15/46 Reoviridae, e.g. rotavirus, bluetongue virus, Colorado tick fever virus
C12N 15/47 Rhabdoviridae, e.g. rabies viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus
C12N 15/48 Retroviridae, e.g. bovine leukaemia virus, feline leukaemia virus
C12N 15/49 Lentiviridae, e.g. immunodeficiency viruses such as HIV, visna-maedi virus, equine infectious anaemia virus
C12N 15/50 Coronaviridae, e.g. infectious bronchitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus
C12N 15/51 Hepatitis viruses
C12N 15/52 Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
C12N 15/53 Oxidoreductases (1)
C12N 15/54 Transferases (2)
C12N 15/55 Hydrolases (3)
C12N 15/56 Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2), e.g. amylase, galactosidase, lysozyme
C12N 15/57 Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
C12N 15/58 Plasminogen activators, e.g. urokinase, TPA
C12N 15/59 Chymosin
C12N 15/60 Lyases (4)
C12N 15/61 Isomerases (5)
C12N 15/62 DNA sequences coding for fusion proteins
C12N 15/63 Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression
C12N 15/64 General methods for preparing the vector, for introducing it into the cell or for selecting the vector-containing host
C12N 15/65 Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectorsVectorsUse of hosts thereforRegulation of expression using markers
C12N 15/66 General methods for inserting a gene into a vector to form a recombinant vector using cleavage and ligationUse of non-functional linkers or adaptors, e.g. linkers containing the sequence for a restriction endonuclease
C12N 15/67 General methods for enhancing the expression
C12N 15/68 Stabilisation of the vector
C12N 15/69 Increasing the copy number of the vector
C12N 15/70 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
C12N 15/71 Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the trp-operon
C12N 15/72 Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the lac-operon
C12N 15/73 Expression systems using phage lambda regulatory sequences
C12N 15/74 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
C12N 15/75 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Bacillus
C12N 15/76 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for ActinomycesVectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Streptomyces
C12N 15/77 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for CorynebacteriumVectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Brevibacterium
C12N 15/78 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Pseudomonas
C12N 15/79 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
C12N 15/80 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi
C12N 15/81 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi for yeasts
C12N 15/82 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
C12N 15/83 Viral vectors, e.g. cauliflower mosaic virus
C12N 15/84 Ti-plasmids
C12N 15/85 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
C12N 15/86 Viral vectors
C12N 15/87 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
C12N 15/88 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microencapsulation, e.g. using liposome vesicle
C12N 15/89 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microinjection
C12N 15/90 Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome
C12N 15/113 Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides
C12N 15/115 Aptamers, i.e. nucleic acids binding a target molecule specifically and with high affinity without hybridising therewith
C12N 15/117 Nucleic acids having immunomodulatory properties, e.g. containing CpG-motifs
C12N 15/861 Adenoviral vectors
C12N 15/863 Poxviral vectors, e.g. vaccinia virus
C12N 15/864 Parvoviral vectors
C12N 15/866 Baculoviral vectors
C12N 15/867 Retroviral vectors
C12N 15/869 Herpesviral vectors
C12N 15/873 Techniques for producing new embryos, e.g. nuclear transfer, manipulation of totipotent cells or production of chimeric embryos
C12N 15/877 Techniques for producing new mammalian cloned embryos